List of British monarchs
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There have been 13 British monarchs since the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707. England and Scotland had been in personal union since 24 March 1603; while the style, "King of Great Britain" first arose at that time, legislatively the title came into force in 1707.
On 1 January 1801, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland merged, creating first the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and later the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland upon the secession of southern Ireland in the 1920s.
Union and succession
Queen Anne became monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain after the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707. She had ruled England, Scotland, and the Kingdom of Ireland since 8 March 1702. Anne then reigned as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death on 1 August 1714. Her reign lasted 12 years and 147 days. Although Anne's great-grandfather, James VI and I (Template:Reign), the monarch of the Union of the Crowns, proclaimed himself "King of Great Britain", and used it on coinage, stamps and elsewhere, the Parliament of England had refused to use that style in statutory law or address.[1][2]
All of Anne's children died young, so during her reign, Parliament settled the rules of succession in the Act of Settlement 1701, by defining Sophia of Hanover (granddaughter of James VI and I) and her non-Catholic descendants as the future royal heirs. The Crown passed from Queen Anne to Sophia's son, King George I, as Sophia had already died. Queen Anne and King George I were second cousins, as both were great-grandchildren of James VI and I. For a family tree that shows George I's relationship to Anne, see Template:Slink.
List
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Timeline
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DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1707 till:2025 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1710 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:10 start:1710
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from: 1707 till: 1714 color:s text:Stuart from: 1714 till: 1901 color:h text:Hanover from: 1901 till: 1917 color:sx text:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from: 1917 till: end color:w text:Windsor
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from: 1707 till: 1714 color:s text:"Anne" from: 1714 till: 1727 color:h text:"George I" from: 1727 till: 1760 color:h text:"George II" from: 1760 till: 1820 color:h text:"George III" from: 1820 till: 1830 color:h text:"George IV" from: 1830 till: 1837 color:h text:"William IV" from: 1837 till: 1901 color:h text:"Victoria" from: 1901 till: 1910 color:sx text:"Edward VII" from: 1910 till: 1936 color:w text:"George V" from: 1936 till: 1936 color:w text:"Edward VIII" from: 1936 till: 1952 color:w text:"George VI" from: 1952 till: 2022 color:w text:"Elizabeth II" from: 2022 till: end color:w text:"Charles III" barset:skip
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See also
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- Family tree of the British royal family
- List of monarchs in Britain by length of reign
- Lists of monarchs in the British Isles
- List of British royal consorts
- List of current British princes and princesses
Notes
References
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