Kingdom of Imereti
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The Kingdom of Imereti (Georgian: Script error: No such module "Lang"., romanized: Template:Ka-translit) was a Georgian monarchy established in 1455 by a member of the house of Bagrationi when the Kingdom of Georgia was dissolved into rival kingdoms. Before that time, Imereti was considered a separate kingdom within the Kingdom of Georgia, of which a cadet branch of the Bagrationi royal family held the crown.[1]
The realm was conquered by George V the Brilliant and once again united with the east Kingdom of Georgia.[2] From 1455 onward, however, Imereti became a constant battleground between Georgian and Ottoman forces for several centuries, resulting in the kingdom's progressive decline due to this ongoing instability. These threats pushed local Georgian rulers to seek closer ties with Tsardom of Russia. In 1649, Imereti sent ambassadors to the Russian royal court and Russia returned favor in 1651. In the presence of Russian ambassadors, Alexander III of Imereti swore an oath of allegiance to Tsar Alexis of Russia.[3] However, internal conflicts among Georgian royalty continued and, although Alexander III briefly managed to control all of Western Georgia, this consolidation was short lived. By the time of his death in 1660, Western Georgia was still in a state of flux.[4] In this chaotic period, Archil of Imereti was enthroned and deposed several times. His efforts to secure assistance from Russia and, later, Pope Innocent XII proved unsuccessful and he was finally exiled to Russia.[5]
Under pressure from Pavel Tsitsianov, in 1804 Solomon II of Imereti accepted Russian Imperial suzerainty, only to be deposed entirely in 1810. During the time that Imereti was a vassal state, the Mingrelia, Abkhazia and Guria princedoms declared their independence from Imereti and established their own governments.
Kings of Imereti
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First House of Imereti
- David VI (1258–1293)
- Constantine I (1293–1326)
- Michael (1326–1329)
- Bagrat I (1329–1330)
- Vacant (1330–1387)
- Alexandre I (1387–1389)
- George I (1389–1392)
- Vacant (1392–1396)
- Constantine II (1396–1401)
- Demetrius I (1401–1455), only recognized as Duke by Alexander I of Georgia
Second House of Imereti
- Demetrius II (1446–1452)
- Bagrat II (1463–1478)
- Alexander II (1478–1510)
- Bagrat III (1510–1565)
- George II (1565–1585)
- Leon (1585–1588)
- Rostom (1588–1589, 1590–1605)
- Bagrat IV (1589–1590)
- George III (1605–1639)
- Alexander III (1639–1660)
- Bagrat V (1660–1661, 1663–1668, 1669–1678, 1679–1681)
- Vakhtang Tchutchunashvili (1661–1663)[6]
- Archil (1661–63, 1678–79, 1690–91, 1695–96, 1698)
- Demetre (1663–1664)[6]
- George IV (1681–1683)[6]
- Alexander IV (1683–1690, 1691–1695)
- Simon (1699–1701)
- George V (1696–1698)[6]
- Mamia (1701–02, 1711, 1713)[6]
- George VI (1702–1707)[6]
- George VII (1707–11, 1712–13, 1713–16, 1719–1720)
- George VIII (1716)[6]
- Alexander V (1720–1741, 1741–1746, 1749–1752)
- George IX (1741)
- Mamuka (1746–1749)
- Solomon I (1752–1766, 1768–1784)
- Teimuraz (1766–1768)
- David II (1784–1789, 1790–1791)
- Solomon II (1789–1790, 1792–1810)
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Heirs of King of Solomon I of ImeretiThe dynastic senior line of the Imeretian Bagrationi since 1784. In Russia, its representatives bore the title of His Serene Highness the Princes of Bagration-Imereti (since June 20, 1865).
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Heirs of Prince Bagrat of ImeretiDynastically the second line of Imereti Bagrationi since 1784. In Russia its representatives bore the title of Lightest Princes Bagration (since June 20, 1865).
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Heirs of King of David II of ImeretiSince Solomon II of Imereti had no sons, he proclaimed Prince Constantine, son of king David II of Imereti, and his male-line senior descendants as heirs to the throne of the Kingdom of Imereti.
After the death of Hereditary Prince Constantine (III) (1898–1978), because the male-offspring of this branch came to end, the headship of the House of Bagrationi-Imereti transmitted to Prince Irakli Bagrationi (1925–2013), son of Prince Grigol, the male-line descendant of Prince Bagrat, younger brother of King Solomon I of Imereti (1752–1784). × Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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See also
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References
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- ↑ This started in 1260 after David VI revolted against Mongol ruler Hulegu Khan and fled to Abkhazia. The Mongolian conquest of Georgia during the 13th century had decentralized and fragmented Georgia, forcing the relocation of governmental centres to the provinces to newly created Kingdom of Western Georgia.
- ↑ D.M.Lang - Georgia in the Reign of Giorgi the Brilliant (1314–1346), Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 17, pp. 74-91
- ↑ " ნ. ტოლჩანოვის იმერეთში ელჩობის მუხლობრივი აღწერილობა, 1650-1652", გამოსცა ი. ცინცაძემ, თბ., 1970, გვ. 37-38
- ↑ მ. რეხვიაშვილი, "დასავლეთ საქართველო XVII საუკუნეში", თბ., 1978
- ↑ გურამ შარაძე, ბედნიერებისა და სათნოების საუნჯე, თბილისი, გამომცემლობა საბჭოთა საქართველო, 1984: pp. 436-437.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Non-Bagrationi monarch.
- ↑ იმერელი ბაგრატიონების ოჯახი, გაიოზ მამალაძე. georoyal.ge
- ↑ Toumanoff, pp. 181-189
- ↑ იმერეთის სამეფო შტოს გენეალოგია, იმერეთის სამეფო შტო.
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Bibliography
- Toumanoff, C. (1990) The dynasties of Christian Caucasus from Antiquity to the 19th century: Genealogical and chronological tables, Rome
Further reading
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- სამეფო კლუბის სპიკერი გაიოზ მამალაძე, georoyal.ge
Template:Historical states of Georgia Template:Georgia (country) topics
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- Kingdom of Imereti
- Former monarchies of Europe
- States and territories established in 1455
- 1810 disestablishments
- Lists of monarchs
- Former monarchies of Asia
- Former Russian protectorates
- States and territories disestablished in 1810
- Vassal states of the Ottoman Empire