Jakaya Kikwete

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Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (born 7 October 1950)[1][2] is a Tanzanian politician who was the fourth president of Tanzania, in office from 2005 to 2015.

Prior to his election as president, he was the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1995 to 2005 under his predecessor, Benjamin Mkapa. He also served as the chairperson of the African Union in 2008–2009 and the chairman of the Southern African Development Community Troika on Peace, Defence and Security in 2012–2013.

Early life and education

Kikwete was born and raised in Msoga in the Chalinze District of Tanzania, in 1950. He is of Kwere heritage.

Between 1959 and 1963, Kikwete attended Karatu Primary School and Tengeru School from 1963 to 1965, both in Arusha Region.[3] After Tengeru, Kikwete moved back to home to Pwani Region and attended Kibaha Secondary School for his O-levels, which took place between 1966 and 1969.

He then moved to Tanga Region, where he studied at the Tanga Technical Secondary School for his advanced level education.[3] He graduated from the University of Dar es Salaam in 1975 with a degree in political science and public relations.[3]

Career

Template:BLP sources section As a party cadre, Kikwete moved from one position to another in the party ranks and from one location to another in the service of the party. When TANU and Zanzibar's Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP) merged to form Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) in 1977, Kikwete was moved to Zanzibar and assigned the task of setting up the new party's organisation and administration in the islands. In 1980, he was moved to the headquarters as administrator of the Dar es Salaam head office and head of the Defence and Security Department before moving again up-country to the regional and district party offices in Tabora Region (1981–84) and Singida Region and Nachingwea (1986–88) and Masasi District (1988) in the country's southern regions of Lindi and Mtwara respectively. In 1988, he was appointed to join the central government.

In 1994, at 44, he became one of the youngest finance ministers in the history of The United Republic of Tanzania. In December 1995, he became Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, being appointed by President Benjamin William Mkapa of the third phase government. He held this post for ten years, until he was elected President of the United Republic of Tanzania in December 2005, hence becoming the country's longest serving foreign minister. During his tenure in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tanzania played a significant role in bringing about peace in the Great Lakes region, particularly in The Democratic Republic Of Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Kikwete was also deeply involved in the process of rebuilding regional integration in East Africa. Specifically, several times, he was involved in a delicate process of establishing a customs union between the three countries of the East African Community (Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania), where, for quite some time, he was a chairman of the East Africa Community's Council of Ministers.

Kikwete also participated in the initiation, and became a co-chair, of the Helsinki Process on Globalisation and Democracy. On 4 May 2005, Kikwete emerged victorious among 11 CCM members who had sought the party's nomination for presidential candidacy in the general election. After a 14 December 2005 multiparty general election, he was declared the winner by the Electoral Commission on 17 December and was sworn in as the fourth president of the United Republic of Tanzania on 21 December.

File:Jakaya Kikwete - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting Davos 2010.jpg
Kikwete during the WEF 2010

On 26 May 2013, Kikwete said at a meeting of the African Union that if President Joseph Kabila of the DRC could negotiate with the March 23 Movement, President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda and President Paul Kagame of Rwanda should be able to negotiate with the Allied Democratic Forces-National Army for the Liberation of Uganda and the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda, respectively. In response, Museveni expressed his willingness to negotiate.[4]

On 31 January 2016, the chairperson of the African Union Commission, Nkosazana Zuma, appointed Jakaya Kikwete the African Union High Representative in Libya. Following the crisis in Libya, Kikwete's role is to lead the AU's efforts on achieving peace and stability in Libya. Later that year, he was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to serve as member of the Lead Group of the Scaling Up Nutrition Movement.[5] Since 2022, he has been a co-chairing the Commission for Universal Health convened by Chatham House, alongside Helen Clark.[6]

Personal life

Kikwete is an avid sports enthusiast and played basketball competitively in school. He has been a patron of the Tanzania Basketball Federation for the past 10 years.[3] He is married to Salma and they have five children.[3] He is a Muslim.[7]

As of 4 April 2013, Kikwete was the sixth most followed African leader on Twitter with 57,626 followers.[8]

Honours and awards

File:Kikwete and Pinda.jpg
President Kikwete shares a light moment with Prime Minister Pinda
File:Kikwete and Obama.jpg
Kikwete was the first African Head of State to meet U.S. President Barack Obama (2009)

Honours

Year Country Order
2007 File:Flag of Uganda.svg Uganda File:Order of the Pearl of Africa (Uganda) - ribbon bar.gif Most Excellent Order of the Pearl of Africa (Grand Commander)[9]
2009 File:Flag of the Comoros.svg Comoros File:Order of the Green Crescent of Comoros - ribbon bar.png Order of the Green Crescent of the Comoros[10]
2009 File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia File:Spange des König-Abdulaziz-Ordens.png Order of Abdulaziz Al Saud[11]
2009 File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica File:JAM Order of Excellence sash ribbon.png Order of Excellence[12]
2012 File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman File:Civil Order of Oman - First Class.png Order of Oman (First Class)[13]
2024 File:Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania File:Order of Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere (Tanzania) - ribbon bar.png Order of Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere[14]

Awards

  • Sullivan Honor
  • 2007: The AAI African National Achievement Award (on behalf of Tanzania).[15]
  • 2009: US Doctors for Africa Award.[16]
  • 2011: Social Good Award from the United Nations Foundation[17]
  • 2011: South-South Award for Global Health, Technology and Development[18]
  • 2012: FANRPAN Policy Leadership Award from the Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network.[19]
  • 2013: Africa's Most Impactful Leader of the Year by the Africa Leadership Magazine[20]
  • 2013: ICCF Mengha Award by the International Conservation Caucus Foundation[21]
  • 2014: Icon of Democracy Award, from The Voice Magazine (Netherlands)[22]
  • 2015: Leadership Excellence Award by the Pan-African Youth Union.[23]
  • 2015: African Achievers Award by the Institute for Good Governance in Africa.[24]
  • 2015: African Statesman of the Year by The African Sun Times.[25]

Honorary academic awards

Year University Country Honour
2006 University of St. Thomas, Minnesota Script error: No such module "flag". Doctor of Law[26][27]
2008 Kenyatta University Script error: No such module "flag". Doctor of Humane Letters[28]
2010 Fatih University Script error: No such module "flag". Doctorate in International Relations[29]
2010 Muhimbili University Script error: No such module "flag". Doctor of Public Health[30]
2010 University of Dodoma Script error: No such module "flag". Honoris Causa[31]
2011 University of Dar es Salaam Script error: No such module "flag". Doctor of Law[32]
2013 University of Guelph Script error: No such module "flag". Doctor of Law[33][34]
2014 China Agricultural University Script error: No such module "flag". Honorary Professor[35][36]
2014 Nelson Mandela–AIST Script error: No such module "flag". Honoris causa[37][38]
2015 University of Newcastle, New South Wales Script error: No such module "flag". Doctor of Laws[39]
2016 Open University of Tanzania Script error: No such module "flag". Honorary doctorate in leadership.[40]

Legacy

Eponyms

References

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  4. ↑ "Africa fights to free itself of malcontents", IOL News, reported by Peter Fabricius, 27 May 2013
  5. ↑ Secretary-General Appoints 29 Global Leaders to Spearhead Fight against Malnutrition United Nations, press release of 21 September 2016.
  6. ↑ Commission for Universal Health Chatham House.
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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Further reading

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External links

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Political offices
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Minister of Finance
1994–1995 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Minister of Foreign Affairs
1995–2005 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check President of Tanzania
2005–2015 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check National Chairman of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi
2007–present Template:S-ttl/check 		Incumbent
Diplomatic posts
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Chairperson of the African Union
2008–2009 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by

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