Kenting National Park

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Kenting National Park (Template:Lang-zh), commonly known as Kenting (Template:Lang-zh), is a national park located on the Hengchun Peninsula of Pingtung County, Taiwan, covering Hengchun, Checheng, and Manzhou Townships. Established on 1 January 1984,[1] it is Taiwan's oldest and the southernmost national park on the main island, covering the southernmost area of the Taiwan island along Bashi Channel. Administered by the National Park Service of the Ministry of the Interior, this national park is well known for its tropical climate and sunshine, scenic mountain and beach, the Spring Scream rock-band festival held in every March,[2] and has long been one of the most popular tourist destinations in Taiwan with 5.84 million visitors in 2016.[3]

Etymology

Kenting (墾丁, Kun-ting in Taiwanese) means pathfinders or pioneers.

Geography

The park covers about Script error: No such module "convert". of land, Script error: No such module "convert". of sea, weighing in at Script error: No such module "convert". combined. Nan Wan and Banana Bay (香蕉灣) is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean, the Taiwan Strait, and the Luzon Strait. The park is Script error: No such module "convert". away from Kaohsiung, Script error: No such module "convert". away from Tainan.

The landscape boasted by Kenting National Park is divided into two parts by the long and narrow Hengchun Longitudinal Valley Plain that extends from north to south. With coral sea cliffs teemed with fringing reefs along the west coast, the park features a large number of mountains in the north, and coral tablelands and foothills in the south. The plain, which is formed by fault valleys, has a vast lake called Longluan Lake, together with rising coral tablelands and limestone caves to the east. The east side of the coral tablelands features unique sand rivers and sand waterfalls formed by the combined effects of winds and rivers, as well as coral cliffs, sunken caves and stalactites.

Climate

Kenting is known for its tropical climate with warm to hot weather year-round. Along with the rest of Pingtung, the climate is geographically classified as a tropical monsoon climate.

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Biodiversity

File:埔頂草原 臺灣梅花鹿 20190515.jpg
Formosan sika deer
File:Kenting National Park WANG,YU-LI王毓勵 92862.jpg
Terrestrial crab

The park hosts rich terrestrial biodiversity of fauna and flora including 15 species of mammals, 310 species of birds, 59 species of reptiles and amphibians, 21 species of freshwater fish, 216 species of butterflies, and various insects.[4]

Eluanbi Park or Oluanpi Park (鹅鑾鼻公園) is located at Cape Eluanbi.[5] Nature reserves such as the Longkeng Ecological Protection Area (龍坑生態保護區)[6] protecting coral reefs and virgin forest of Banana Bay and Hengchun Peninsula.[7] 26 species of land crabs inhabit in the area and which is the highest diversity of terrestrial crabs in single areas in the world.[8] 34 species of terrestrial mammals have been recorded, including 5 that are locally extinct (such as the Formosan clouded leopard) and 4 that are introduced (such as the water buffalo).[9] Formosan sika deer which became extinct in the wild in 1969, were first reintroduced into Kenting National Park in 1994.[10] Aside from sika deer, It was thought that 6 species of terrestrial mammals were extinct in the area, but the critically endangered Chinese pangolin was rediscovered a decade later.[11]

Ocean currents which flows off the park provides rich diversities of marine ecosystems including sea birds, sea turtles including critically endangered hawksbill turtles,[12] sharks such as bull sharks[13]manta-rays, and whale sharks,[14][15] and smaller to medium-sized cetaceans.[16][17][18][19] The area was once a major wintering ground for sperm and baleen whales[20] especially humpback whales that migrated into Nan Wan and Banana Bay.[21] Japanese whaling during Japanese colonial days,[14][22][23] led to severe depletions or disappearances of whales in consequence. Today, no or very few whales may constantly migrate along Hengchun Peninsula and into the park's waters.[24][25][26] Dugongs, thought to be either fully or functionally extinct in Taiwan, were reported in the 1950s and 60s, and these were some of the last report of the species in Taiwanese waters.[27]

The national park is an important stopover on the migration path of the gray-faced buzzard.[28]

Lighthouse

File:Eluanbi lighthouse 2.jpg
Eluanbi lighthouse

Eluanbi Lighthouse was completed in 1883, following requests from the American and Japanese governments to the Chinese government after several shipwrecks occurred in the 1860s (including the Rover incident). Chinese troops had to be sent to protect the lighthouse during construction from attacks by local tribesmen, and the lighthouse was surrounded by a fort with cannons and a ditch for protection.[29] It is one of the rare examples in the world of a fortified lighthouse. The lighthouse itself is Script error: No such module "convert". high and its light is Script error: No such module "convert". above the tidal high water. The light flashes every 10 seconds and its range is Script error: No such module "convert"..

Transportation

In popular culture

  • Spring Scream: A well-known international rock-band festival held inside this park since 1995.
  • Most parts of the 2008 film Cape No. 7 were filmed inside this park, and nearby Hengchun.
  • Part of the 2012 film Life of Pi was filmed inside the park, which is not far from its director Ang Lee's birthplace.[30][31]

Gallery

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ 墾丁國家公園陸域野生哺乳類動物調查研究（第三年）
  10. ↑ 墾丁社頂生態遊 梅花鹿見客 | 台灣環境資訊協會-環境資訊中心. E-info.org.tw (2010-06-30). Retrieved on 2020-12-09.
  11. ↑ 10年來首見！野生穿山甲於墾丁現蹤跡
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  19. ↑ 2017, 墾丁後壁湖 海豚跳躍引尖叫聲Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  21. ↑ Acebes V.M.J., 2009, A history of Whaling in Philippines, Historical Perspectives of Fisheries Exploitation in the Indo-Pacific, Asia Research Centre, Murdoch University
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ 2017, 稀客大翅鯨現身墾丁外海　遺憾是鯨屍
  27. ↑ Dugong - Status Report and Action Plans for Countries and Territories
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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