Katsina (city)

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Template:Short description Template:Use Nigerian English Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator.

Katsina Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handler is a Local Government Area and the capital city of Katsina State, in northern Nigeria.[1]

Located some Script error: No such module "convert". east of the city of Sokoto and Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of Kano, close to the border with Niger Republic, in 2016, Katsina's population was estimated at 429,000.[2]

The city is the centre of an agricultural region noted for production of groundnuts, cotton, hides, millet and guinea corn[1] and also has mills for producing peanut oil and steel. It was also a center for large scale livestock farming of cows, goats, sheep and chickens.

The city has a largely Muslim population, mainly from the Hausa and Fulani ethnic groups.[3]

History

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Surrounded by city wall Script error: No such module "convert". in length, Katsina is believed to have been founded circa 1100.[1] In pre-Islamic times, Katsina's semi-divine ruler was known as the Sarki, who faced a summary death-sentence if found to be ruling incompetently. From the 17th to the 18th century, Katsina was the commercial heart of Hausaland and became the largest of the seven Hausa city-states. Katsina was conquered by the Fulani during the Fulani War in 1807. In 1903, the Emir, Abubakar dan Ibrahim, accepted British rule, which continued until Nigerian independence from Britain in 1960.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

The city's history of western-style education dates back to the early 1950s, when the first middle school in northern Nigeria was established (Katsina Teachers College). There are now several institutions of higher learning, including two universities: Umaru Musa Yar'adua University and the private Alqalam University, a polytechnic Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic and a Federal College of Education, Katsina. The city of Katsina is also home to an 18th-century mosque featuring the Gobarau Minaret, a Script error: No such module "convert". tower made from mud and palm branches.[1]

Katsina Emirate

Emirs palace entrance
Katsina Emirate "Gidan Korau"

The Katsina Royal Palace, known as Gidan Korau, is a huge complex located in the centre of the ancient city.[4] It is a symbol of culture, history and traditions of 'Katsinawa'. According to historical account, it was built in 1348 CE by Muhammadu Korau, who is believed to have been the first Muslim King of Katsina. This explains why it is traditionally known as 'Gidan Korau' (House of Korau). It is one of the oldest and among the first generation palaces, along with Daura, Kano and Zazzau. The palace was encircled with a rampart, 'Ganuwar Gidan Sarki' (which is now gone). The main gate which leads to the palace is known as 'Kofar Soro', while the gate at the backyard is called 'Kofar Bai' (now gone). The Emir's residential quarters at the epicenter of the Palace is a large compound built in the typical traditional architectural style.[5]

Religion

There are mainly two religions existing in Katsina, which are;

Local government areas

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Katsina State has 34 local governments. The local government area of Katsina is an area of 142 km2, with a population of 429,000 as of 2016. The local governments are as follows: Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Source: Katsina culture and history board, office of the surveyor of Katsina State.[6]

The postal code of the area is 820.[7]

Education

Umyu
Umaru musa yar'aduwa university

Katsina city is well known for years as a CRADLE OF LEARNING; there have been in existence Islamic Schools and other centres of scholarship as far back as the 14th century. Below are the names of higher institutions found in the city.

Media stations

  • 104.5 – Radio Nigeria Companion FM (FRCN), Katsina,
  • Katsina 972 MW – Katsina State Radio (AM), Katsina,
  • 92.1 – Vision FM Katsina,
  • 106.5 – Ray Power FM,
  • 91.5 - Alfijir FM Radio Katsina.

Economy

The state's economy will be developed based on agriculture and solid minerals exploitation to create jobs and wealth through the utilization and mobilization of natural and human resources.[13]

Geography

The capital of Katsina Emirate, Katsina, is situated 7 miles south of the Niger border in northern Nigeria. With over 500,000 people, Katsina is a major hub for the manufacturing of steel, textiles, and agricultural products. The city is home to a diversified cultural life as well as intriguing architecture, like as mosques and historic city walls.[14][15][16][17]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Desertification

Desertification, caused by climate change and human activities, poses a significant environmental challenge in Katsina State, affecting socio-economic life and hindering basic human needs.[18]

Flood

Water went away in Katsina City during a flood, causing two people to be swept away from their homes in the nearby town of Sabon Ungwa.[19][20][21]

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Katsina has a hot semi-arid climate, abbreviated BSh on climate maps.[22] Script error: No such module "weather box".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Rainfall

Katsina State usually record zero average rainfall from November to March; Script error: No such module "convert". in April, May and June respectively; and Script error: No such module "convert". for the months of July, August, September and October.[15]

The table below shows record of rainfall from 1990 to 2019 obtained from Nimet Katsina.

Rainfall Record of Katsina City
S/N Code Years January February March April May June July August September October November December
1. 65028 1990 0 0 0 0 29.9 57.9 198.8 220.2 34.7 0 0 0
2. 65028 1991 0 0 10.8 12.2 73.5 58.8 71.5 109.7 21.1 1.4 0 0
3. 65028 1992 0 0 0 0 33.6 19.9 89.3 119.4 70.7 0.2 0 0
4. 65028 1993 0 0 0 0 4.5 42.3 69 94.5 51.7 0 0 0
5. 65028 1994 0 0 0 3.1 12.3 42.3 107.9 174.2 113.1 20.3 0 0
6. 65028 1995 0 0 0 10 30 70 80 120 80 10 0 0
7. 65028 1996 0 0 0 0 42.6 44.5 38.1 66.8 67.8 0 0 0
8. 65028 1997 0 0 7.2 9.5 89.5 30.4 91.1 153.7 56.5 8.3 0 0
9. 65028 1998 0 0 0 10.1 11.4 43.4 114.1 116.6 135.2 0.8 0 0
10. 65028 1999 0 0 0 0 4.2 22.4 149.2 89.8 132.3 18.4 0 0
11. 65028 2000 0 0 0 0 1.6 106.8 299.9 160.2 62.1 45 0 0
12. 65028 2001 0 0 0 16.9 83.9 110.8 176 240.9 70.6 0 0 0
13. 65028 2002 0 0 0 0 2.9 141.3 170.4 71.3 199.1 9.8 0 0
14. 65028 2003 0 0 0 4 52.8 57.2 118.2 275.5 75.1 16.4 0 0
15. 65028 2004 0 0 0 0 74.9 151.2 161.1 268.8 42 0 0 0
16. 65028 2005 0 0 0 14.8 18.4 83.2 173.7 216.1 194 50.4 0 0
17. 65028 2006 0 0 0 0 26.1 69.9 170.9 314.9 129.7 15 0 0
18. 65028 2007 0 0 0 6.2 84.9 135.2 117.4 314.9 45.5 0 0 0
19. 65028 2008 0 0 0 16.6 8.5 63.3 182.9 213.9 67.7 4.2 0 0
20. 65028 2009 0 0 0 0 95 57.9 96.5 123.3 38.3 29 0 0
21. 65028 2010 0 0 0 85.6 8.1 118.8 226.1 448.9 76.6 48.6 0 0
22. 65028 2011 0 0 0 0 38 149.2 116.6 180.6 67.3 8 0 0
23. 65028 2012 0 0 0 0 59.5 135.2 117.4 314.9 129.7 15 0 0
24. 65028 2013 0 0 0 42.4 36.7 103.2 89 274.7 107.6 10.2 0 0
25. 65028 2014 0 0 0 0 38.1 39.5 178.9 178.7 46.3 0 0 0
26. 65028 2015 0 0 0 0 0 89.1 178.9 274.7 46.3 9 0 0
27. 65028 2016 0 0 0 0 4.5 42.3 69 94.5 59.5 0 0 0
28. 65028 2017 0 0 0 10.1 11.4 62 114.1 16.6 135.2 0.8 0 0
29. 65028 2018 0 0 0 0 2.9 141.3 170.4 149.7 199.1 63.8 0 0
30. 65028 2019 0 0 0 11.6 8.1 118.8 232.7 359.1 98.6 26.6 0 0

Source: Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Katsina 2021.

Temperature

Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or place.

Maximum temperatures

The temperature of Katsina is usually high, with April having the hottest average high temperature of Script error: No such module "convert". while December having the mildest average high temperature of Script error: No such module "convert"..[15]

The table below contains the highest temperature each month from 1985 to 2017.

S/N Code Year January February March April May Juni July August September October November December
1. 65028 1985 31.7 29.7 36.5 36.5 38.6 35.9 31.6 31.3 33.2 35.5 33.9 28.2
2. 65028 1986 38.9 34.7 37 40.2 39.2 37 31.5 31.4 32.2 35.4 33.3 37.4
3. 65028 1987 30.4 33.6 36 37.6 40.1 36.6 35.1 32.6 34.4 35.7 34.1 30.1
4. 65028 1988 28.4 32 36.7 39 39.2 35.3 31.9 29.5 31.9 34.3 33.7 28.5
5. 65028 1989 26 28.4 35.2 39.3 38.3 36.2 32.4 30.9 32.6 33.6 33.6 29.6
6. 65028 1990 32.2 30.1 33.5 39.9 38.1 36.7 31.7 31.4 33.9 36.7 35.5 34
7. 65028 1991 29.4 35.9 35.9 39 35.3 35.1 31 30.5 34.4 36.4 33.3 28.9
8. 65038 1992 29.1 30.1 36.4 39 36.5 35.6 31 30.3 32.4 35.7 31.5 30.2
9. 65028 1993 36.5 32.5 36.5 39.3 39.3 36.5 33.3 31.5 33.1 36.9 35.5 29.5
10. 65028 1994 29.5 31.6 38.2 38.7 38.9 35.4 31.8 29.5 31.4 34.1 32.3 27.4
11. 65028 1995 27.7 31 38.1 38.8 38.3 36.1 32.9 30.9 32.6 35.4 32.2 31.7
12. 65028 1996 32.1 34.8 37.6 39.3 38.3 34.5 33.6 30.3 32.3 35.3 31.2 31.8
13. 65028 1997 31.3 28.5 34.8 38.3 36.5 35.1 32.4 31.7 33.6 36.5 35.6 30.4
14. 65028 1998 29.4 33.5 33.9 40.2 39.3 35.6 32.1 30.8 31.6 34.9 34.9 30.6
15. 65028 1999 30.8 34 39 39.5 39.3 38.1 31.7 29.5 31.4 33.4 33.2 29.7
16. 65028 2000 31 28.6 35.2 40.5 39.6 35.3 31 31 32.9 33.8 33.8 29.6
17. 65028 2001 29.3 30.4 36.9 38 37.8 34.3 31.3 30 32 34.8 33.6 31.9
18. 65028 2002 26.3 31.6 37 39.8 40.8 36 32.5 31.1 32.2 32.4 33.8 31
19. 65028 2003 34.7 35.3 39.6 39.4 34.4 35.6 31.3 30.8 32.8 33.8 33.5 31.7
20. 65028 2004 32 29.9 40 39 36.5 32 30 33 36 34 33.9 31.9
21 65028 2005 13.4 19.4 22 24 25.2 24.2 22.7 21.6 22.3 20 16.2 14
22. 65028 2006 15 18.1 20 21.4 26 25 23.2 22 22.2 22 15 11.8
23. 65028 2007 12.8 13.6 18.3 22.7 24.4 23.8 21.5 20.3 20.5 17.6 13.3 10.7
24. 65028 2008 9.5 14.4 20 21.2 23.2 22.8 21.1 19.5 19.8 17.5 13.3 11.5
25. 65028 2009 11.1 14.2 19.2 23.4 24.2 22.4 22.4 21.1 22.1 21.5 14.6 13.6
26. 65028 2010 14.5 17 19.7 23.8 23.7 23.8 22 20.7 21.9 19.6 14.3 14.1
27. 65028 2011 13.3 17.9 17.5 22.3 24.7 23.8 20.6 20.5 21.2 21.2 16.1 12.2
28. 65028 2012 12.6 16.4 18.6 25.4 26.3 23.4 21.3 20.4 21.8 22.1 19.0 14.6
29. 65028 2013 30.7 34.3 39.8 37.8 38.8 35.6 32.5 29.9 32.8 34.9 34.9 31.1
30. 65028 2014 30.8 32.2 37.5 39.7 37.6 36.6 33.4 30.7 32.5 35.9 34.8 30.7
31. 65028 2015 28.2 35.1 36.1 37.5 40.3 37.4 33.4 33.1 32.5 35.9 33.3 36.1
32. 65028 2016 28.2 32.5 38.5 40.5 39 35.1 32.2 30.9 32.3 36.5 35.5 30.7
33. 65028 2017 27.8 31.6 37.5 39.5 39 34.7 31.9 31 32.9 35.7 34.1 30.2

Source: Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Katsina, 2021

Lowest temperatures

January is usually the coldest month of the year in Katsina having the lowest average low temperatures of Script error: No such module "convert"..[15]

S/N Code Year January February March April May June July August September October November December
1. 65028 1985 16 14.7 22.6 24.2 26.7 24.4 22.2 22.2 22.6 21 17.5 14.7
2. 65028 1986 12.7 18 23.4 26.2 26.6 25.2 21.9 21.8 22.2 20.8 17.9 12.8
3. 65028 1987 13.1 16.7 21.4 22.3 25.2 24.9 23.9 22.6 23.6 22.5 17.5 14.5
4. 65028 1988 14.4 16.4 21.6 26.6 24.5 24.5 22.7 21.2 22.3 19.6 16.2 13.5
5. 65028 1989 11.1 13.8 18.9 23.1 25.1 24.4 22.2 21.7 22.8 20.6 15.8 13.8
6. 65028 1990 15.5 14.3 17 25.7 25.7 25.1 22.4 25.8 23.4 21 18.1 17.4
7. 65028 1991 13.7 18.9 21.7 25.5 24.5 24.4 16.2 12.6
8. 65028 1992 12.5 13.9 21.9 24.4 25.1 23.7 21.4 21.1 21.6 20.3 16.5 12.7
9. 65028 1993 11.3 15 19.7 22.7 24.9 23.1 21.1 20.7 21.1 20.5 17.5 12.5
10. 65028 1994 12.5 13.5 19.5 23.7 24.2 22.1 20 19.1 19.6 20.7 13.5 10.5
11. 65028 1995 11.2 13 19.1 22.7 23.5 22.2 20.5 19.4 19.7 19.8 14 12.4
12. 65028 1996 11.4 14.2 18.7 20.8 22.3 20.6 20 18.8 19 18.7 11.8 12.2
13. 65028 1997 14 14.1 21.1 24.7 24.6 24 22.9 22.3 23.1 23.5 18.9 14.2
14. 65028 1998 13.7 17.5 18.6 25.8 27.7 24.5 23.1 21.8 22.3 21.3 16.9 13.3
15. 65028 1999 12.6 16 20.2 23.1 24.7 24.1 20.8 20.4 20.7 19 15.1 11.3
16. 65028 2000 13 11.2 16.7 19 24.3 23.5 21 21 21.9 19.9 14.1 11
17. 65028 2001 20.2 12.6 16.5 23 24.6 23.2 22 21 21.9 19.7 14.6 12.8
18. 65028 2002 11.7 13.5 20 25.6 26 24 22.1 21.9 22.3 19.8 13.9 12.8
19. 65028 2003 16.5 18.6 24.4 24 23.6 23.5 22.2 22.1 22.5 19.9 14.5 12.5
20. 65028 2004 16 17.5 25 25 24.2 22 21 22 20 17 14.7 12.3
21 65028 2005 13.4 19.4 22 24 25.2 24.2 22.7 21.6 22.3 20 16.2 14
22 65028 2006 15 18.1 20 21.4 26 25 23.2 22 22.2 22 15 11.8
23. 65028 2007 12.8 13.6 18.3 22.7 24.4 23.8 21.5 20.3 20.5 17.6 13.3 10.7
24. 65028 2008 9.5 14.4 20 21.2 23.2 22.8 21.1 19.5 19.8 17.5 13.3 11.5
25. 65028 2009 11.1 14.2 19.2 23.4 24.2 22.4 22.4 21.1 21.1 21.5 14.6 13.6
26. 65028 2010 14.5 17 19.7 23.8 23.7 23.8 22 20.7 21.9 19.6 14.3 14.1
27. 65028 2011 13.3 17.9 17.5 22.3 24.7 23.8 20.6 20.5 21.2 21.2 16.1 12.2
28. 65028 2012 12.6 16.4 18.6 25.4 26.3 23.4 21.3 20.4 21.8 22.1 19.0 14.6
29. 65028 2013 14.3 15.8 22.1 23.4 24.3 22.7 21.9 21 22.3 20.9 18.3 15.9
30. 65028 2014 14.3 16.7 21.7 25.8 25.8 26.7 24.2 22.1 22.3 20.7 18.2 14.2
31. 65028 2015 12.3 18.1 20.8 22.2 26.6 24.8 22.7 22.3 23.3 17.6 13.3
32. 65028 2016 13.5 16.5 24.2 27.1 26.8 24.9 23.2 22.2 22 22.3 18.7 13.1
33. 65028 2017 13.4 16.4 19.9 25 27.1 24.8 23.1 22.4 23.1 19.9 16.6 15.4

Source: Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Katsina 2021

Notable people

See also

References

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  1. ↑ a b c d Katsina The Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 20 February 2007.
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  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
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External links

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