Kalkaska County, Michigan

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Kalkaska County (Script error: No such module "IPAc-en". Script error: No such module "Respell".) is located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, its population was 17,939.[1] The county seat is Kalkaska.[2]

Kalkaska County is part of the Traverse City metropolitan area. Although it is located in Michigan's Lower Peninsula, Kalkaska County is considered part of Northern Michigan.

History

File:1842 Leelenaw Omeena Negissee Wabbassee Okkuddo Shawwano counties Michigan.jpg
A detail from A New Map of Michigan with its Canals, Roads & Distances (1842) by Henry Schenck Tanner, showing Kalkaska County as "Wabbassee" (a misspelling of Wabassee, the county's name from 1840 to 1843.[3]) Several nearby counties are also shown with names that would later be changed.

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Kalkaska County, originally named Wabassee County (from waabizii meaning swan in Ojibwe) was separated from Michilimackinac County in 1840,[4] renamed in 1843.[3][5] In 1851, Kalkaska County was attached to Grand Traverse County for legal purposes.[6] The first settler in Kalkaska County was William Copeland, from England, who purchased land in the northwest corner of the county in 1855. Kalkaska County was organized in its own right on January 27, 1871. Crawford County was then temporarily attached to Kalkaska County for legal purposes.[7]

Etymology

The county's name is a pseudo-Native American neologism coined by Henry Schoolcraft, a Michigan geographer and ethnologist.[8] Some theorists suggest this is word play. Schoolcraft's family name had been Calcraft, and the Ks may have been added to make the name appear more like a Native American word.[9] Alternatively, the name may be derived from a Chippewa word meaning flat or burned-over country.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". (1.9%) are covered by water.[10]

Kalkaska sand, the state soil of Michigan, was named after the county because of the large amounts deposited in the area from glaciers in the Ice Age.

Kalkaska County has over 80 lakes and Script error: No such module "convert". of streams and rivers. Much of the county is marshland. County elevation ranges from Script error: No such module "convert". to about Script error: No such module "convert".. This makes it one of the more uneven counties in the Lower Peninsula.

The Pere Marquette State Forest covers much of the county. Glaciers shaped the area, creating a unique regional ecosystem. A large portion of the area is the Grayling outwash plain, a broad outwash plain including sandy ice-disintegration ridges, jack pine barrens, some white pine-red pine forest, and northern hardwood forest. Large lakes were created by glacial action.[11]

Lakes

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Rivers

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Major highways

  • Script error: No such module "Jct". – runs NE through the western part of the county. Enters at Script error: No such module "convert". north of SW corner; exits into Antrim County near midpoint of north county line.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct". – runs north–south through west-central part of county. Passes Kalkaska.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct". – runs east and ESE through middle portion of county. Passes Kalkaska.

Adjacent counties

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Communities

File:Kalkaska County, MI census map.png
U.S. Census data map showing local municipal boundaries within Kalkaska County, as well as CDP boundaries

Village

Civil townships

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Former townships

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
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198010,952Script error: No such module "String".%
199013,497Script error: No such module "String".%
200016,571Script error: No such module "String".%
201017,153Script error: No such module "String".%
202017,939Script error: No such module "String".%
2025 (est.)18,693[12] IncreaseScript error: No such module "String".%
US Decennial Census[13]
1790-1960[14] 1900-1990[15]
1990-2000[16] 2010-2018[1]

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File:Kalkaska MI Density.png
2020 population density of Kalkaska County MI by census block[17]

Racial and ethnic composition

Kalkaska County, Michigan – Racial and ethnic composition
<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[18] Pop 1990[19] Pop 2000[20] Pop 2010[21] Pop 2020[22] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 10,831 13,263 16,063 16,456 16,523 98.90% 98.27% 96.93% 95.94% 92.11%
Black or African American alone (NH) 3 10 34 50 40 0.03% 0.07% 0.21% 0.29% 0.22%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 34 110 122 144 139 0.31% 0.81% 0.74% 0.84% 0.77%
Asian alone (NH) 25 23 37 41 60 0.23% 0.17% 0.22% 0.24% 0.33%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [23] x [24] 8 1 0 x x 0.05% 0.01% 0.00%
Other race alone (NH) 5 4 3 2 59 0.05% 0.03% 0.02% 0.01% 0.33%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [25] x [26] 162 245 763 x x 0.98% 1.43% 4.25%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 54 87 142 214 355 0.49% 0.64% 0.86% 1.25% 1.98%
Total 10,952 13,497 16,571 17,153 17,939 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 17,939. The median age was 45.7 years. 20.1% of residents were under the age of 18 and 21.9% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 104.8 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 104.1 males age 18 and over.[27]

The racial makeup of the county was 92.9% White, 0.2% Black or African American, 0.8% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.3% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 0.7% from some other race, and 5.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 2.0% of the population.[28]

<0.1% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.[29]

There were 7,438 households in the county, of which 25.5% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 49.7% were married-couple households, 20.7% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 20.0% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[27]

There were 11,570 housing units, of which 35.7% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 83.8% were owner-occupied and 16.2% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.7% and the rental vacancy rate was 10.7%.[27]

2010 census

At the 2010 United States census[30] there were 16,571 people, 6,428 households, and 4,634 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 10,822 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..

In 2010, the racial makeup of the county was 98.44% White, 0.21% Black or African American, 0.78% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, 0.86% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24.6% were of German, 12.4% English, 10.4% Irish, 10.0% American, 6.3% Polish and 5.1% French ancestry. 98.8% spoke English as their first language.

Government

Kalkaska County voters have been reliably Republican from the start. They have selected the Republican Party nominee in 86% of national elections (31 of 36). Template:PresHead Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresFoot Template:U.S. SenHead Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenFoot Template:M.I. GovHead Template:M.I. GovRow Template:M.I GovFoot The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions—police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc.—are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Events

The National Trout Festival is an annual festival since 1936, held in April. It notes the heritage and sportsmanship of Kalkaska.[31]

Education

The Northwest Educational Services, based in Traverse City, services the students in the county along with those of Antrim, Benzie, Grand Traverse, and Leelanau. The intermediate school district offers regional special education services, early education and English learner programs, and technical career pathways for students of its districts.[32]

Kalkaska County is served by the following regular public school districts:[33]

See also

References

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  9. ↑ Michigan History, County Names.
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Michigan regional geology. Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  23. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  24. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  25. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  26. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  27. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ National Trout festival, and picture of 'the trout.'
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

  • Kalkaska Genealogical Society: Big Trout, Black Gold: History of Kalkaska County MI

External links

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