Symphony No. 25 (Mozart)

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Template other The Symphony No. 25 in G minor, K. 183/173 dB, was written by the then 17-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in October 1773, shortly after the success of his opera seria Lucio Silla. It was completed in Salzburg on 5 October, a mere two days after the completion of his Symphony No. 24. Its first movement was used as the opening music in Miloš Forman's biographical film Amadeus.

This is one of two symphonies Mozart composed in G minor, sometimes referred to as the "little G minor symphony". The other is the Symphony No. 40; see also Mozart and G minor.

Movements

The symphony is laid out in standard classical form:

1. Allegro con brio, Template:Time signature in G minor
2. Andante, Template:Time signature in E-flat major
3. Menuetto & Trio, [[Triple metre|Template:Time signature]] in G minor, Trio in G major
4. Allegro, Template:Time signature in G minor

This symphony is scored for two oboes, two bassoons, four horns and strings.

I. Allegro con brio

<score>

\relative c {

 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 240
 \key g \minor
 g8\f g4 g g g8 |
 d8 d4 d d d8 |
 es8 es4 es es es8 |
 fis,8 fis4 fis fis fis8 |
 g8 bes d g bes16( a g fis g4)-. |

} </score>

File:W. A. Mozart - Symphony n. 25 - I. Allegro con brio.ogg

(complete movement, MIDI-based rendition)

II. Andante

<score>

\relative c {

 \key ees \major
 \time 2/4
 \tempo 4 = 50
 \partial 4 \partial 8 bes,8\p^\markup { \italic {con sordini} } (aes g) r8
 c8 (bes aes) r8
 aes (g f) r8 bes (aes g) r8
 ees'-! ees (f,) r8 bes-!
 aes (g) r8 c-!
 c (bes) r8
 d, (ees4) r8

} </score>

File:W. A. Mozart - Symphony n. 25 - II. Andante.ogg

(complete movement, MIDI-based rendition)

III. Menuetto and Trio

<score>

\relative c {

 \tempo "Menuetto"
 \key bes \major
 \time 3/4
 g,4\f d g
 bes2 c8 (a)
 g4 fis g
 a8 (fis) d4 r4
 c'4\p c c
 b4.\fp (c16 d c4)
 ees ees ees
 d4.\fp (ees16 f ees4)
 g4\f g g
 fis (c') bes-!
 \grace bes16 (a4) g fis
 g2 r4\bar ":|."

} </score>

File:W. A. Mozart - Symphony n. 25 - III. Menuetto & Trio.ogg

(complete movement, MIDI-based rendition)

<score sound="1">

\layout { indent = 2.0\cm \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t } << \new Staff \with { instrumentName = "Oboe I" }

 \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"
    \key g \major
    \tempo "Trio" 4 = 112
    \time 3/4
   d2 \p b'8 (g)
   g (fis) fis4 fis
   fis (c') b16 (a g fis)
   g8 (b) d,4 r4
   g (fis e)
   a4.\fp (g8) fis4
   \grace a16 (g4) fis e
   d2 r4 \bar ":|."
 }

\new Staff \with { instrumentName = "Oboe II"}

 \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"
   \key g \major
   \time 3/4
  b2\p r4
  r4 c c
  c (fis,) g16 (a b c)
  b8 (d) b4 r4
   e4 (d cis)
   fis4.\fp (e8) d4
    \grace fis16 (e4) d cis
   d2 r4 \bar ":|."
 }

>> </score>

IV. Allegro

<score>

\layout { \context { \Score \remove "Bar_number_engraver" } } \relative c {

    \key bes \major
    \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 140
    \time 2/2
   g4 \p d bes'4. a8
   g4 bes (a g)
   fis d c'4. bes8
   a4 c (bes a)
   g bes ees4. d8
   c4 a d4. c8
   bes4 g ees cis
   d! c' (bes a)
   g8\f d'4 d d d8~ d4 g (fis g)
 }

</score>

File:W. A. Mozart - Symphony n. 25 - IV. Allegro.ogg

(complete movement, MIDI-based rendition)

Style and influence

With its wide-leap melodic lines and syncopation, this symphony is characteristic of the style. It shares certain features with other Sturm and Drang symphonies of this time, and is likely inspired by Haydn's Symphony No. 39, also in G minor.

Performance history

The work was first performed in the United States by the Boston Symphony Orchestra on 27 October 1899 under the direction of Wilhelm Gericke. It was not performed again in the US until 1937, when rendered by the Alfred Wallenstein Sinfonietta. John Barbirolli and the New York Philharmonic performed it again in 1941 as part of their centennial season.

In 1990, Deutsche Grammophon released a recording of this symphony performed by the Vienna Philharmonic conducted by Leonard Bernstein.

In popular culture

The first movement plays over the opening credits of Amadeus, the 1984 Oscar-winning biographical film about Mozart. This version was recorded by the Academy of St Martin in the Fields and Neville Marriner.

Beginning in the 1990s, the Titan Company (an Indian manufacturer of fashion accessories) released several television advertisements for their Quartz line of watches. Oglivy & Mather, the agency that produced the advertisements, selected a phrase from as the theme music. These advertisements became iconic and helped popularize the brand. Several versions were produced aside from the traditional arrangement, like one played solely on the piano. Titan also produced an advertisement featuring an electronic backing track overlaid with the theme played on several Indian musical instruments by renowned musicians. These included Ravi Shankar on the sitar and the father-son duo of Alla Rakha and Zakir Hussain on the tabla.

External links

• Template:NMA
• Symphony No.25 in G minor, K.183/173dB (Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
• Symphony No. 25 (Mozart) at the Mutopia Project (the Allegro con brio movement)
• Symphony No. 25 (Mozart) at the Mutopia Project (the Andante movement)
• Symphony No. 25 in G minor mp3 by the RIAS-Symphonie-Orchester Berlin (1950 recording), Template:Ill
• Template:Trim Template:Replace on YouTube, Weinberger Chamber Orchestra, Gábor Takács-Nagy, live concert, Tonhalle, Zurich, 31 January 2016