Jefferson County, Illinois

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Jefferson County is a county located in the southern part of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 37,113.[1] The county seat is Mount Vernon.[2] Jefferson County contains the Mount Vernon, Illinois micropolitan area. It is located in the southern portion known locally as "Little Egypt". The western border of the county adjoins the Greater St. Louis consolidated metropolitan statistical area, the Metro-East region, and the St. Louis commuter region and market and viewing area.

History

The first settler in Jefferson County is believed to have been Andrew Moore. In 1810, he settled near the southeast corner of the county, near where the Goshen Road emerges from the forest of Hamilton County into what is now known as Moore's Prairie. Moore arrived from the Goshen Settlement, near Edwardsville. His migration was therefore retrograde, from the west toward the interior of the State.

In 1814, Andrew Moore departed with his eight-year-old son for Jordan's settlement, a journey from which he never returned. A skull that was believed to have been Moore's was found several years later about two miles from his cabin. Jordan's Settlement, also called Jordan's Fort, was southeast of modern Thompsonville, Illinois, about twenty miles south of Moore's cabin. This episode occurred during the War of 1812 when many of the Indian tribes were allied with the British.

In 1816, Carter Wilkey, Daniel Crenshaw and Robert Cook settled in Moore's Prairie. Daniel Crenshaw moved into Moore's cabin. This settlement is believed to be the first permanent settlement in the county.

Jefferson County was organized in 1819, out of parts of White, Edwards and Franklin Counties. It was named in honor of Thomas Jefferson, principal draftsman of the Northwest Ordinance, among other things.[3] The baseline along the northern border of the County crosses the Third Principal Meridian at the northwest corner of the county.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (2.2%) is water.[4]

Climate and weather

Mount Vernon, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
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3.2
 
 
42
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[5]
Metric conversion
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62
 
 
3
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26
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74
 
 
20
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111
 
 
12
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81
 
 
6
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Mount Vernon have ranged from a low of Script error: No such module "convert". in January to a high of Script error: No such module "convert". in July, although a record low of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from Script error: No such module "convert". in January to Script error: No such module "convert". in May.[5]

Major highways

Transit

Adjacent counties

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
1820691—
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18405,762Script error: No such module "String".%
18508,109Script error: No such module "String".%
186012,965Script error: No such module "String".%
187017,864Script error: No such module "String".%
188020,686Script error: No such module "String".%
189022,590Script error: No such module "String".%
190028,133Script error: No such module "String".%
191029,111Script error: No such module "String".%
192028,480Script error: No such module "String".%
193031,034Script error: No such module "String".%
194034,375Script error: No such module "String".%
195035,892Script error: No such module "String".%
196032,315Script error: No such module "String".%
197031,446Script error: No such module "String".%
198036,552Script error: No such module "String".%
199037,020Script error: No such module "String".%
200040,045Script error: No such module "String".%
201038,827Script error: No such module "String".%
202037,113Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)36,107[6]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1790–1960[8] 1900–1990[9]
1990–2000[10] 2010–2013[1]

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File:USA Jefferson County, Illinois age pyramid.svg
2000 census age pyramid for Jefferson County

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 37,113, a median age of 42.2 years, 22.3% of residents under the age of 18, 20.2% of residents 65 years of age or older, 103.2 males for every 100 females, and 103.6 males for every 100 females age 18 and over.[11]

The racial makeup of the county was 84.7% White, 7.7% Black or African American, 0.2% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.0% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 0.9% from some other race, and 5.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 2.4% of the population.[12]

41.2% of residents lived in urban areas, while 58.8% lived in rural areas.[13]

There were 14,945 households in the county, of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 46.7% were married-couple households, 19.6% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 26.8% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[11]

There were 16,632 housing units, of which 10.1% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 73.1% were owner-occupied and 26.9% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4% and the rental vacancy rate was 10.3%.[11]

Racial and ethnic composition

Jefferson County, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[14] Pop 1990[15] Pop 2000[16] Pop 2010[17] Pop 2020[18] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 34,676 34,756 35,709 33,919 31,182 94.87% 93.88% 89.17% 87.36% 84.02%
Black or African American alone (NH) 1,588 1,917 3,093 3,194 2,783 4.34% 5.18% 7.72% 8.23% 7.50%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 31 52 77 69 77 0.08% 0.14% 0.19% 0.18% 0.21%
Asian alone (NH) 66 126 188 246 352 0.18% 0.34% 0.47% 0.63% 0.95%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [19] x [20] 2 7 7 x x 0.00% 0.02% 0.02%
Other race alone (NH) 11 12 28 44 68 0.03% 0.03% 0.07% 0.11% 0.18%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [21] x [22] 417 549 1,745 x x 1.04% 1.41% 4.70%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 180 157 531 799 899 0.49% 0.42% 1.33% 2.06% 2.42%
Total 36,552 37,020 40,045 38,827 37,113 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 38,827 people, 15,365 households, and 10,140 families residing in the county.[23] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 16,954 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[4] The racial makeup of the county was 88.4% white, 8.4% black or African American, 0.6% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.8% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2.1% of the population.[23] In terms of ancestry, 24.3% were German, 15.8% were Irish, 13.6% were English, and 10.2% were American.[24]

Of the 15,365 households, 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.0% were non-families, and 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.92. The median age was 40.6 years.[23]

The median income for a household in the county was $41,161 and the median income for a family was $51,262. Males had a median income of $41,193 versus $29,645 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,370. About 12.4% of families and 17.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.8% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.[25]

Agencies

In 2015 the county police department announced that the words "In God We Trust" will be on police squad cars.[26]

Jeff Bullard is the current Sheriff of Jefferson County.

Politics

Jefferson is politically a fairly typical “anti-Yankee” Southern Illinois county. Opposition to the “Yankee” Republican Party and that party's Civil War meant that Jefferson County voted solidly Democratic until Theodore Roosevelt carried the county in his 1904 landslide. It was to again vote Republican in the greater landslides of 1920 and 1928, but otherwise was firmly Democratic until World War II.

Following the New Deal, Jefferson became something of a bellwether county, voting for every winning presidential candidate between 1928 and 2004 except in the Catholicism-influenced 1960 election, and that of 1988 which was heavily influenced by a major Midwestern drought. Disagreement with the Democratic Party's liberal views on social issues since the 1990s has caused a powerful swing to the GOP in the past quarter-century:[27] as is typical of the Upland South, Barack Obama in 2012 and Hillary Clinton did far worse than any previous Democrat.

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Communities

Cities

Villages

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Census-designated place

Other unincorporated communities

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Townships

Jefferson County is divided into sixteen townships:

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Education

School districts include:[28]

K-12:

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Secondary:

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Elementary:

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See also

References

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  19. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  20. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
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  22. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  23. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ "'In God We Trust' to be placed on Jefferson Co., IL squad cars" (Archive). KFVS. August 1, 2015. Retrieved on August 2, 2015.
  27. ↑ Cohn, Nate; ‘Demographic Shift: Southern Whites’ Loyalty to G.O.P. Nearing That of Blacks to Democrats’ Template:Webarchive, The New York Times, April 24, 2014
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Text list

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