Jean Fréchet

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Jean M.J. Fréchet (born August 1944) is a French-American chemist and professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley. He is best known for his work on polymers including polymer-supported chemistry, chemically amplified photoresists, dendrimers, macroporous separation media, and polymers for therapeutics. He has authored nearly 900 scientific paper and 200 patents including 96 US patents.[1] His research areas include organic synthesis and polymer chemistry applied to nanoscience and nanotechnology with emphasis on the design, fundamental understanding, synthesis, and applications of functional macromolecules.

Fréchet is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Chemical Society, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and an elected member of the US National Academy of Sciences, the US National Academy of Engineering, and the Academy of Europe (Academia Europaea).

Education and academic career

Fréchet received his first university degree at the Institut de Chimie et Physique Industrielles (now CPE) in Lyon, France, before coming to the US for studies in organic and polymer chemistry under Conrad Schuerch at the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, and at Syracuse University   (Ph.D. 1971). He was on the Chemistry Faculty at the University of Ottawa in Canada from 1973 to 1987, when he became the IBM Professor of Polymer Chemistry at Cornell University. In 1997 Fréchet joined Chemistry faculty at the University of California, Berkeley and was named the Henry Rapoport Chair of Organic Chemistry in 2003 and Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering in 2005. From 2010 to 2019 he served as the first Vice President for Research, then Senior Vice-President for Research, Innovation, and Economic Development at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Research

Fréchet’s early work focused on polymer-supported chemistry with the first approach to the solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides [2] and pioneering work on polymeric reagents and polymer protecting groups.[3] In 1979 Working with C.G. Willson at IBM during a sabbatical leave, he invented chemically amplified photoresists [4][5] for micro and nanofabrication. This widely used patented technology [6] which enables the extreme miniaturization of microelectronic devices is now ubiquitous for the fabrication of the very powerful computing and communication equipment in worldwide use. The addition of photogenerated bases [7] led to additional advances in chemically amplified resists. In 1990 working with Craig Hawker at Cornell, he developed the convergent synthesis of dendrimers [8] as well as approaches to hyperbranched polymers.[9] In 1992, working with F. Svec at Cornell, he reported the first preparation of macroporous polymer monoliths [10] that are now used in a variety of chemical separations. Later work at Berkeley saw the development of polymers and dendrimers as carriers for targeted therapeutics [11] and successful approaches to new organic materials for transistors and solar cells.[12]

Honors and awards

  • 2020 National Academy of Engineering Charles Stark Draper Prize in Engineering [13]
  • 2019 King Faisal International Prize in Chemistry [14]
  • 2013 Japan Prize for the "Development of chemically amplified resist polymer materials for innovative semiconductor manufacturing process"[15][16]
  • 2010 Grand Prix de la Maison de la Chimie (Paris) [17]
  • 2010 Erasmus Medal of the Academia Europaea [18]
  • 2010 Society of Polymer Science of Japan, International Award for the "Development of functional polymers from fundamentals to application"Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2010 University of California Department of Chemistry Teaching AwardScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2010 Fellow of the American Chemical SocietyScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2009 Elected to the Academy of Europe (Academia Europaea)Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2009 Nagoya Gold Medal[19]
  • 2009 Arun Guthikonda Memorial Award, Columbia University.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2009 Society of Polymer Science of Japan, International Award for the "Development of functional polymers from fundamentals to applications".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2009 Carothers Award for "Outstanding contributions and advances in industrial applications of chemistry".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2009 Herman Mark Award, American Chemical Society.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2008 D.Sc. (Honoris Causa), University of Liverpool, UKScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2007 Dickson Prize in Science, Carnegie Mellon UniversityScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2007 Arthur C. Cope Award (American Chemical Society award for outstanding achievement in the field of Organic Chemistry)Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2006 Macro Group UK Medal (joint Royal Society for Chemistry and Society of Chemical Industry) for Outstanding Achievement in the field of Macromolecular ChemistryScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2005 Esselen Award for Chemistry in the Service of the PublicScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2005 Chemical Communications 40th Anniversary AwardScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2004 Docteur de L'Université, Université d'Ottawa, CanadaScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2003 Henry Rapoport Chair of Organic Chemistry, University of California, BerkeleyScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2002 Docteur (Honoris Causa), Université de Lyon I, FranceScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2001 American Chemical Society, Salute to Excellence AwardScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2001 American Chemical Society, A.C. Cope Scholar AwardScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2000 Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and SciencesScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2000 Elected Member of the US National Academy of EngineeringScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2000 Elected Fellow of the PMSE Division of the American Chemical SocietyScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2000 Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of ScienceScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2000 Elected Member of the US National Academy of SciencesScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2000 American Chemical Society, ACS Award in Polymer ChemistryScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 2000 Myron L. Bender & Muriel S. Bender Distinguished Summer LectureshipScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1999 Society of Imaging Science and Technology, Kosar Memorial AwardScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1996 American Chemical Society, ACS Award in Applied Polymer ScienceScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1995 Peter J. Debye Chair of Chemistry, Cornell University, NYScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1994 American Chemical Society, Cooperative Research Award in Polymer ScienceScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1987 IBM Professor of Polymer ChemistryScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1986 American Chemical Society, Doolittle Award in Polymer Materials Science & EngineeringScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1986 Polymer Society of Japan Lecture AwardScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • 1983 IUPAC Canadian National Committee AwardScript error: No such module "Unsubst".

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Fréchet, J.M.J.; Schuerch, C. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Oligosaccharides. III. Preparation of Some Derivatives of di- and tri- saccharides via a simple Alcoholysis Reaction. Carbohyd. Res., 1972, 22, 399–412
  3. ↑ Fréchet, J.M.J. Synthesis and Applications of Organic Polymers as Supports and Protecting Groups. Tetrahedron, 1981, 37, 663–83
  4. ↑ Fréchet, J.M.J.; Ito, H.; Willson, C.G. Sensitive Deep UV Resist Incorporating Chemical Amplification. Proceedings Microcircuit Engineering 1982, Grenoble, 260–261
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Ito, H., Willson. C.G., Fréchet, J.M.J Positive and Negative Working Resist Compositions with Acid-Generating Photoinitiator and Polymer with Acid-Labile Groups Pendant From Polymer Backbone. US Patent No. 4,491,628 issued January 1, 1985
  7. ↑ Frechet, J.M.J. Pure & Appl. Chem., 1992, 64, 1239–1248
  8. ↑ Hawker, C.J.; Fréchet, J.M.J. Preparation of Polymers with Controlled Molecular Architecture: A New Convergent Approach to Dendritic Macromolecules. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 7638–47
  9. ↑ Tomalia, D. A.; Fréchet, J.M. J. Discovery of dendrimers and dendritic polymers: a brief historical perspective. 2002, Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry 40, 2719–2728
  10. ↑ Svec, F.; Fréchet, J.M.J. Novel continuous rods of macroporous polymer as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Separation Media. Analytical Chemistry 1992, 64, 820–822
  11. ↑ Fox, M.E.; Szoka, F.C.; Fréchet, J.M.J.; Soluble polymer carriers for the treatment of cancer: the importance of molecular architecture. Accounts Chem Res. 2009. 42, 1141–1151
  12. ↑ Beaujuge, P.M.; Frechet, J.M.J. Molecular Design and Ordering Effects in pi-Functional Materials for Transistor and Solar Cell Applications – A Perspective. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 20009-20029
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ King Faisal International Prize 2019
  15. ↑ Tobin, Dave. (2013, January 30). "SUNY ESF alumnus Jean Fréchet wins Japan Prize," Template:Webarchive Syracuse.com. Accessed: January 31, 2013.
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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