James Dillon, 3rd Earl of Roscommon

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Template:Short description Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Sir James Dillon, 3rd Earl of Roscommon (c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – 1649) was an Irish magnate and politician. He was born a Catholic but converted at a young age to the Church of Ireland. He supported Strafford during his term as governor of Ireland. In the Confederate Wars and the Cromwellian conquest he was a royalist. He died in 1649, but was nevertheless included as the fifth on the list of people that were excluded from pardon in Cromwell's 1652 Act of Settlement.

Family tree
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Birth and origin

James was born about 1605Template:Sfn in Ireland, the eldest son of Robert Dillon and his first wife Margaret Barry. His father was the second Earl of Roscommon. His family was Old English and descended from Sir Henry Dillon who came to Ireland with Prince John in 1185.Template:Sfn His family held substantial lands in Meath, Westmeath, Longford and Roscommon.

James's mother was a daughter of David de Barry, 5th Viscount Buttevant. Her family, the de Barry family is another Old English family. Her ancestor John Barry was created Viscount Buttevant by Richard II in 1385.Template:Sfn

James was one of five brothers including two half-brothers, who are all listed in his father's article.

Early life

His father's family was traditionally Roman Catholic, which is why his father, despite his record of loyalty to the Crown, was never fully trusted by King Charles I of England. James, however, was converted to the Church of Ireland by James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh.Template:Sfn

On 24 January 1620 his grandfather was raised to the peerage with the title of Baron Dillon of Kilkenny-West, in the Peerage of Ireland.Template:Sfn in a ceremony performed by the Lord Deputy Oliver St. John in the Presence Chamber of Dublin Castle on 25 January.Template:Sfn

On 5 August 1622 James's grandfather was further honoured by being created Earl of Roscommon.Template:Sfn In consequence of this advancement, Robert, the heir apparent, James's father, was styled Lord Kilkenny-West, as a courtesy title from 1622 to 1641.

Marriage and children

In late September or early October 1636 James Dillon married Elizabeth Wentworth, daughter of Sir William Wentworth and Anne Atkins at Lowton Hall, Essex.Template:Sfn She was a sister of Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, the formidable and (for a while), all-powerful Lord Deputy of Ireland. James's father was a staunch supporter and a personal friend of Strafford, and the marriage was clearly intended to strengthen English rule in Ireland through family alliances between leading English and Anglo-Irish families.Template:Sfn

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Parliament

Dillon was knighted before or in 1639 and thus became Sir James Dillon.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn The same year he stood as MP, or "knight of the shire" as county MPs were then still called, for County Longford in the Parliament of 1640–1649,Template:Efn the second of Charles I. Sir James was elected as one of the two members for County Longford on 28 February 1640.

Parliament met on 16 March 1640.Template:Sfn In its first session the parliament unanimously voted for four subsidies of £45,000Template:Sfn to raise an Irish army of 9,000Template:Sfn for use by the king against the Scots in the Bishops' Wars. Dillon must have voted in favour. On 31 March 1640 Wentworth prorogued parliament until the first week of June.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn

On 3 April 1640, Strafford (i.e. Wentworth) left Ireland,Template:Sfn called to England by the king to help him manage the Bishops war against the Scots. Strafford appointed Christopher Wandesford as Lord Deputy to govern Ireland in his absence. Wandesford opened the second parliamentary session on 1 June 1640.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn News from England was the Short Parliament had refused subsidies to the king.Template:Sfn The Irish MPs regretted having agreed to subsidies and wanted to sabotage their own action by making the subsidies difficult to evaluate and to collect.Template:Sfn After two weeks of inconclusive discussions, Wandesford prorogued parliament on 17 June.Template:Sfn

Parliament reconvened for the third session on 1 October.Template:Sfn The House of Commons formed a committee for grievances that compiled a remonstrance (complaint) against Strafford. The remonstrance was then approved by the House of Commons.Template:Sfn Sir James must have voted against it in order to support Strafford. Wandesford prorogued parliament on 12 November,Template:Sfn a day after Strafford's impeachment in Westminster by the Long Parliament.

Parliament met again on 26 January 1641.[1] Lord Deputy Wandesford had died on 3 December 1640 and the Irish government had devolved to the Lords Justice, Parsons and Borlase.

Table of sessions: Parliament 1640–1649
Sir James only attended the first five sessions of this parliament as an MP.
Session Start End Remark
1st 16 Mar 1640[2] 31 Mar 1640Template:Sfn Voted 4 subsidies[3]
2nd 1 Jun 1640[4] 17 Jun 1640[5] Trying to change how the subsidies would be evaluated and collected[5]
3rd 1 Oct 1640[6] 12 Nov 1640[1] Remonstrance voted[7]
4th 26 Jan 1641[1]Template:Sfn 6 Mar 1641Template:Sfn Impeachment of Strafford and Radcliffe
5th 11 May 1641Template:Sfn 7 Aug 1641[8]
6th 9 Nov 1641 9 Nov 1641 Adjourned on the same dayTemplate:Sfn
16 Nov 1641 17 Nov 1641 Voted a protest against the rising
7th 11 Jan 1642
8th 1 Aug 1642Template:Sfn
9th 14 Dec 1642
10th 20 Apr 1643

Earl of Roscommon

In March 1641 James's grandfather diedTemplate:Sfn and his father succeeded as the second earl. His tenure was, however, a short one as he died on 27 August 1642 in Oxmantown, a residential quarter in Dublin's Northside.Template:Sfn James succeeded as the 3rd Earl of Roscommon.Template:Sfn He had to abandon his seat in the lower house and gained a seat in the House of Lords, which he took on the 17 November 1642.Template:Sfn

Roscommon was in Dublin in July 1647 when Ormond handed the town over to the English ParliamentTemplate:Sfn and was given as a hostage to the English Parliament by Ormond.Template:Sfn Roscommon returned to Ireland with Ormond sailing on a man-of-war sent by William II, Prince of Orange to Le Havre to carry them to Cork where they arrived on 29 September 1648.Template:Sfn

Death and timeline

He died at Limerick in October 1649, at the house of the Anglican Bishop Bramhall, of an accidental fall down a flight of stairs.Template:Sfn According to legend, his son, then in exile at Caen, knew of his death at the moment it happened, although the official news did not reach him until two weeks later.Template:Sfn

Timeline
Age Date Event
0 1605, about Born.[9]
Script error: No such module "age". 1620, 24 Jan Grandfather created Baron of Kilkenny-West.[10]
Script error: No such module "age". 1622, 5 Aug Grandfather created Earl of Roscommon.[11]
Script error: No such module "age". 1625, 27 Mar Accession of King Charles I, succeeding King James ITemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1632, 12 Jan Thomas Wentworth, later Earl of Strafford, appointed Lord Deputy of IrelandTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1636, Sep or Oct Married Elizabeth Wentworth.[12]
Script error: No such module "age". 1639, 28 Feb Returned as MP for County Longford.[13]
Script error: No such module "age". 1640, 16 Mar Parliament opened[2]
Script error: No such module "age". 1640, Dec Father appointed as one of the Lord Justices of Ireland.
Script error: No such module "age". 1641, 12 May Strafford beheadedTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1641, Mar Grandfather died and his father succeeded as 2nd Earl.[14]
Script error: No such module "age". 1641, 23 Oct Outbreak of the RebellionTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1642, 27 Aug Father died in Oxmantown, Dublin and he succeeded as the 3rd Earl of Roscommon.[15]
Script error: No such module "age". 1642, 17 Nov Took his seat in the Irish House of LordsTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1647, 19 Jun Given as hostage to the English Parliament by OrmondTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1649, 30 Jan King Charles I beheaded.Template:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1649, Oct Died in Limerick.[16]

Notes and references

Notes

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Citations

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  5. ↑ a b Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  6. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  7. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  8. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  9. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  10. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  11. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  12. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  14. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  15. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  16. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".

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Sources

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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – 1603 to 1642
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Scotland & Ireland
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – 1643 to 1660
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – 1640 to 1641
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – N to R (for Roscommon)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – (for timeline)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – 1639 to 1641
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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – 1634 to 1699
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Viscounts (for Dillon)
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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – House of Lords
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – House of Commons
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – 1641 to 1643
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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Peerage of Ireland
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Earl of Roscommon
1642–1649 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by

Template:Authority control

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