Jackson County, Missouri

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Jackson County is located in the western portion of the U.S. state of Missouri, on the border with Kansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 717,204.[1] making it the second-most populous county in the state (after St. Louis County in the east).[2][3] The county seats are Independence and Kansas City,[4] making Jackson County one of 33 U.S. counties with more than one county seat. The county was organized December 15, 1826, and named for former Tennessee senator Andrew Jackson, who would become President of the United States three years later in 1829.

History

Early years

Jackson County was long home to members of the indigenous Osage tribe, who occupied this territory at the time of European encounter. The first known European explorers were French trappers who used the Missouri River as a highway for explorations and trading with regional Native American tribes. Jackson County was claimed as a part of the territory of New France, until 1763 and the British victory in the French and Indian War. After that, France ceded this territory west of the Mississippi River to Great Britain's ally, Spain. In 1800 Spain was forced by France in the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso to return its Louisiana Territory (of which modern Jackson County formed a part) to France. Soon abandoning its claims in North America, Napoleon of France sold the territory to the United States in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803.

Operating on behalf of President Thomas Jefferson, explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark passed through Jackson County on their notable Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1804, to survey peoples, property and resources of the Louisiana Territory. Among other items, their report indicated a "high, commanding position" along the river within the current boundaries of Jackson County; in 1808 Fort Osage was constructed there. This stockade and trading post was one of the first U.S. military installations within the Louisiana Purchase territory, and remained active until 1822.

In 1821, Jackson County was included in the newly admitted state of Missouri. Jackson County was organized on December 15, 1826, and named for Andrew Jackson, U.S. Senator from Tennessee and military hero of the War of 1812, who would ascend to the Presidency shortly after, in 1829.[5][6] Its county seat was designated as Independence, then a minuscule settlement near a spring. However, the rapid increase in westward exploration and expansion ultimately resulted in Independence becoming the starting point for three of the great Westward Trails: the Santa Fe Trail, the Oregon Trail, and the California Trail. Following the American Civil War and construction of railroads through this area, nearby Kansas City, Missouri, ultimately eclipsed Independence, though both towns remain county seats.

In 1838, the "Town Company" bought a small piece of land along the Missouri River in northern Jackson County, establishing "Westport Landing" (today this is known as the River Market district). The area outside Westport Landing was renamed in 1839 as the "Town of Kansas", after the local Kanza or Kaw tribe.

The town was chartered by Jackson County in 1850 and incorporated by the State of Missouri in 1853 as the "City of Kansas". In 1889, with a population of around 60,000, the city adopted a new charter and changed its name to Kansas City. In 1897, Kansas City annexed Westport.

Latter Day Saints

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File:Independence - RLDS Temple 02.jpg
Community of Christ Temple in Independence, Missouri, USA. Dedicated 1994

Jackson County figures prominently in the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, also known as Mormons. The Church was formed in Palmyra, New York, in 1830, located in Western New York, north of the Finger Lakes Region. March 1831 President Joseph Smith said that a location on the Missouri–Kansas border was to be the latter-day "New Jerusalem"[7] with the "center place" located in Independence, the county seat.[8] Traveling to the area in the summer of 1831, Smith and some associates formally proclaimed Jackson County as the site in a ceremony in August 1831.[9]

Leadership and members of the Church began moving to Jackson County soon after but open conflict with earlier settlers ensued, driven by religious and cultural differences. Many early settlers along the Missouri River had come from the upper South: Kentucky and Tennessee, for instance, and brought their slaves and pro-slavery customs with them. They believed that the "Yankee" Mormons, from New York and northern states, were abolitionists.[10] Mobs in the public and private sector used force to drive individual Saints from Jackson to nearby counties within Missouri and put Latter Day Saints on notice that they had until November 6, 1833, to leave the county en masse. On November 23, 1833, the few remaining LDS residents were ordered to leave Jackson County. By mid-1839, following the Missouri Mormon War, the Mormons were driven from the state altogether. They did not return to Jackson County or Missouri in significant numbers until 1867, two years after the end of the Civil War.

Civil War

During the Civil War, Jackson County was the scene of several engagements, the most notable of which was the Battle of Westport in 1864, sometimes referred to as "the Gettysburg of Missouri". The Union victory here firmly established Northern control of Missouri, and led to the failure of Confederate General Sterling Price's Missouri expedition. Other noteworthy battles were fought in Independence in 1862, Lone Jack a few days later, and again in Independence in 1864.

Jackson County was strongly affected by Union General Thomas Ewing's infamous General Order No. 11 (1863). With large numbers of Confederate sympathizers living within its boundaries, and active Confederate operations in the area a frequent occurrence, the Union command was determined to deprive Confederate bushwhackers of all local support. Ewing's decree practically emptied the rural portions of the county, and resulted in the burning of large portions of Jackson and adjacent counties. According to American artist George Caleb Bingham, who described the order as "imbecilic" and was a resident of Kansas City at the time, one could see the "dense columns of smoke arising in every direction", symbolic of what he termed "a ruthless military despotism which spared neither age, sex, character, nor condition". Because of the destruction carried out under the order, its legacy haunted Jackson County for decades after the war.

Twentieth century

File:Harry S. Truman statue -Independence, Jackson County, Missouri, USA-18Jan2009.jpg
Harry S. Truman statue in Independence, Missouri

The coming of the railroads and the building of stockyards led to the rapid expansion of Kansas City in the late 19th century. During the 1920s and '30s, the city became a noted center for Jazz and Blues music, as well as the headquarters of Hallmark Cards and the site of Walt Disney's first animation studio. The county fared better than many during the Great Depression, as local political boss Thomas Pendergast worked to implement a $50,000,000 public works project that provided thousands of jobs. One of Pendergast's political protegés was a young World War I veteran from Independence, Harry S. Truman, who had been his nephew's commanding officer in the war. Truman was elected Presiding Judge (equivalent to a County Executive) of Jackson County with Pendergast support in 1926. He later was elected as a U.S. Senator from Missouri, Vice President and, in 1945, following the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt, succeeded him to become the thirty-third President of the United States. Truman was also elected president in 1948 in his own right.

Following World War II, developers followed new highways and created subdivisions for new housing, which increasingly encroached on rural portions of the county. They provided housing for the nation's returning veterans and their young families. Independence, Blue Springs and Lee's Summit underwent growth during this period, which continues to the present. Kansas City, on the other hand, suffered problems of urban decay as jobs and families left the industrial city, problems common to many large American cities in the late 20th century.

Recent building projects have sought to reverse this trend, including work on the city's famous City Market, Westport district, 18th and Vine Historic District, and most recently, the Kansas City Power & Light District.[11]

In 2024, the statues of Andrew Jackson were voted about whether to remove as to not idolize a slave owner or not. The plaques added in 2021 to the statues to hopefully add context and support for keeping the statues,[12] wording it acknowledge Jackson was a slave owner and also supported the Indian Removal Act.[13]

Some of the county's local history is presented at the Pleasant Hill Historical Society Museum, in Pleasant Hill on the southern edge of the county.

Economy

The total employment as of September 2024 is 1,142,105.[14]

Government

File:Jackson County Kansas City Courthouse 20161026-7036-7038.jpg
Jackson County 16th Circuit courthouse in Kansas City

Jackson County was the second county to adopt a home-rule charter under the Missouri Constitution. The Jackson County Charter was adopted by the voters in 1970 and was amended in 1985 and 1986.[15]

Executive power of the county is vested in the county executive, which is a full-time salaried position. The county executive is elected at-large by the general population of the county for a four-year term,[16] but may be recalled by referendum.[17]

The County Prosecutor is a full-time salaried position elected at-large by the general population of the county for a four-year term[18]

Ordinances are passed by a county legislature. The legislature is made up of nine members: six are elected from smaller, single-member districts within the county. Three are elected "at large" from larger districts, each by voters of the whole county. Member terms are 4 years, beginning on January 1 following the election.[19]

Position Name Party First Elected
Executive Phil LeVota[20] — 2025[17]
Prosecutor Melesa Johnson style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2025
Sheriff Darryl Forté style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2018
At-large Legislator Jalen Anderson style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2018
At-large Legislator Donna Peyton style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2022
At-large Legislator Megan Marshall style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2022
Legislator District 1 Manny Abarca IV style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2022
Legislator District 2 Venessa Huskey style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2022
Legislator District 3 Charlie Franklin style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2018
Legislator District 4 DaRon McGee style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic 2022
Legislator District 5 Jeanie Lauer style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Republican 2018
Legislator District 6 Sean Smith style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Republican 2022

There are 244,570 registered voters.[21]

Law enforcement

The County Sheriff is a full-time salaried position elected by the general population of the county for a four-year term[22] As of 2021Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". the sheriff is Darryl Forté.[23] The Sheriff's Office is also responsible for the county's jail.[24]

Sheriff Mike Sharp resigned in April 2018 amidst scandal. He was the subject of a lawsuit that alleged sexual misconduct, personal use of public funds and sexual harassment.[25] Sheriff Darryl Forté was then appointed. He had recently retired as the chief of the Kansas City Police Department. He was elected to a full term in November of that year.[26]

In mid-2019, Sheriff Forté directed a more-restrictive policy on high-speed pursuits the day after one of his deputies was charged with injuring a bystander during such a chase in May 2018.[27]

Courts

Jackson County is the only county that falls under the jurisdiction of the 16th Judicial Circuit of the Missouri Circuit Courts. The Court seats 19 Circuit Judges and 10 Associate Circuit Judges. All Judges of the court are appointed by the Governor of Missouri, Circuit Judges serve a term of six years and Associate judges serve a term of four years.[28]

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Members of the 16th Circuit Court
Judges Year Appointed Appointed by Term ends
Presiding Judge Jalilah Otto 2017 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Eric Greitens (R) 2024
Judge Justine E. Del Muro 1993 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mel Carnahan (D) 2024
Judge Marco A. Roldan 1999 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mel Carnahan (D) 2024
Judge John M. Torrence 2001 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Bob Holden (D) 2026
Judge Joel P. Fahnestock 2009 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Matt Blunt (R) 2028
Judge J. Dale Youngs 2009 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2028
Judge James F. Kanatzar 2011 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2024
Judge Charles H. McKenzie 2011 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2024
Judge Kevin D. Harrell 2012 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2026
Judge Patrick W. Campbell 2013 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2026
Judge Kenneth R. Garrett III 2013 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2026
Judge S. Margene Burnett 2013 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2028
Judge Bryan E. Round 2014 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2028
Judge Jennifer M. Phillips 2015 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2028
Judge Mark A. Styles, Jr. 2016 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2024
Judge Cory L. Atkins 2019 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2026
Judge Adam L. Caine 2020 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2028
Judge Sarah A. Castle 2020 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2028
Judge Jerri J. Zhang 2021 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2028
Associate Judge Twila K. Rigby 1997 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mel Carnahan (D) 2026
Associate Judge Jeffrey L. Bushur 2000 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mel Carnahan (D) 2026
Associate Judge Mary F. Weir 2013 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2026
Associate Judge Jeffrey C. Keal 2013 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2024
Associate Judge Janette K. Rodecap 2014 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2024
Associate Judge Susan E. Long 2015 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Jay Nixon (D) 2026
Associate Judge Kyndra J. Stockdale 2019 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2024
Associate Judge R. Travis Willingham 2019 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2026
Associate Judge Jessica Agnelly 2020 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2026
Associate Judge Kea S. Bird-Riley 2020 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Mike Parson (R) 2026

Jackson County also has a municipal court with one judge. The Municipal Judge is appointed by the County Executive with approval by the County Legislature and they serve a four-year term.[29]

Geography

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Lake Jacomo

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (1.9%) is water.[30]

Notable Lakes include

The Missouri River comprises Jackson County's northern border (with the exception of one small portion north of the river around the intersection of Highways 210 and 291 as well as all of the 291 bridge). The county has historically been a major traveling point for American river travel.

Adjacent counties

File:Kansas-City-Missouri-Downtown at Twighlight.jpg
Downtown Kansas City, Missouri, at twilight

Jackson County is one of the few counties in the US to border two counties of the same name in different states (Johnson County in Kansas and Missouri).

Major highways

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Transit

National protected area

Demographics

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Historical population
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18302,823—
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1890160,510Script error: No such module "String".%
1900195,193Script error: No such module "String".%
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1920367,846Script error: No such module "String".%
1930470,454Script error: No such module "String".%
1940477,828Script error: No such module "String".%
1950541,035Script error: No such module "String".%
1960622,732Script error: No such module "String".%
1970654,558Script error: No such module "String".%
1980629,266Script error: No such module "String".%
1990633,232Script error: No such module "String".%
2000654,880Script error: No such module "String".%
2010674,158Script error: No such module "String".%
2020717,204Script error: No such module "String".%
2025 (est.)732,994[31] IncreaseScript error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[32]
1790-1960[33] 1900-1990[34]
1990-2000[35] 2010-2020[1]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 717,204 and a median age of 36.8 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 15.3% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 94.3 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 91.9 males age 18 and over.[36]

There were 297,580 households in the county, of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 32.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. There were 329,579 housing units, of which 9.7% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 56.5% were owner-occupied and 43.5% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.8% and the rental vacancy rate was 10.4%.[36]

95.7% of residents lived in urban areas, while 4.3% lived in rural areas.[37]

The racial makeup of the county was 60.8% White, 22.1% Black or African American, 0.6% American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.1% Asian, 0.3% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 5.0% from some other race, and 9.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 10.8% of the population.[38]

Racial and ethnic composition

Jackson County, Missouri – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[39] Pop 1990[40] Pop 2000[41] Pop 2010[42] Pop 2020[43] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 479,663 470,011 443,427 426,574 419,542 76.23% 74.22% 67.71% 63.28% 58.50%
Black or African American alone (NH) 125,077 134,828 151,333 159,442 156,542 19.88% 21.29% 23.11% 23.65% 21.83%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 2,273 2,825 2,775 2,668 2,713 0.36% 0.45% 0.42% 0.40% 0.38%
Asian alone (NH) 4,476 6,145 8,307 10,621 14,981 0.71% 0.97% 1.27% 1.58% 2.09%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [44] x [45] 1,093 1,492 1,727 x x 0.17% 0.22% 0.24%
Other race alone (NH) 1,285 533 894 846 3,083 0.20% 0.08% 0.14% 0.13% 0.43%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [46] x [47] 11,891 16,081 40,831 x x 1.82% 2.39% 5.69%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 16,492 18,890 35,160 56,434 77,785 2.62% 2.98% 5.37% 8.37% 10.85%
Total 629,266 633,232 654,880 674,158 717,204 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

The most reported ancestries in 2020 were:[72]

2010 census

As of the 2010 census Jackson County had a population of 674,158. The racial and ethnic makeup of the population was 63.3% non-Hispanic white, 23.7% non-Hispanic black, 0.5% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander alone or in combination with one or more other races, 0.1% non-Hispanic from some other race, 3.8% reporting two or more races and 8.4% Hispanic or Latino.[73]

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 654,880 people, 266,294 households, and 166,167 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 288,231 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 70.10% White, 23.27% Black or African American, 0.48% Native American, 1.28% Asian, 0.18% Pacific Islander, 2.43% from other races, and 2.25% from two or more races. 5.37% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16.7% were of German, 9.1% American, 8.9% Irish and 8.8% English ancestry.

There were 266,294 households, out of which 29.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.40% were married couples living together, 14.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.60% were non-families. 31.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.80% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 31.10% from 25 to 44, 21.50% from 45 to 64, and 12.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $39,277, and the median income for a family was $48,435. Males had a median income of $35,798 versus $27,403 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,788. About 9.00% of families and 11.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.40% of those under age 18 and 8.70% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

According to the Association of Religion Data Archives County Membership Report (2010), Jackson County is sometimes regarded as being on the northern edge of the Bible Belt, with evangelical Protestantism being the most predominant religion. The most predominant denominations among residents in Jackson County who adhere to a religion are Roman Catholics (19.51%), Southern Baptists (17.96%), and non-denominational evangelical Christians (11.52%).

Politics

Jackson County is a solidly Democratic county and has remained so even as most other parts of the state of Missouri have trended rightward. The last Republican presidential candidate to carry the county was Richard Nixon in 1972, the only Republican to do so since 1932. John Ashcroft was the last Republican gubernatorial candidate in 1988 and Kit Bond for the Senate in 1998. Tom Schweich is the last Statewide Republican candidate to win the county in his landslide victory for State Auditor in 2014.

The county's Democratic lean is due almost entirely to the presence of Kansas City. In 2008, for example, John McCain barely carried the areas of the county outside Kansas City, but Barack Obama carried Kansas City by a nearly 3-to-1 margin, enough for him to carry the county as a whole with 62 percent of the vote.

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Education

K-12 schools

School districts include:[74]

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Colleges and universities

Metropolitan Community College has its taxation area in all parts of the county except for the one in the Lone Jack C-6 school district; in that portion, it is in the college's service area, but not the in-district taxation zone.[75]

Archives

  • Jackson County Historical Society[76]

Libraries

Museums

Communities

Cities

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Villages

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

See also

References

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  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Doctrine and Covenants
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  9. ↑ H. Michael Marquardt, "The Independence Temple of Zion", 1997. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Information for this section was obtained largely from 175 Years of Jackson County History Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Jackson County Historical Society.
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  45. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  46. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  47. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  48. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ partly in Platte and Clay counties and a small part in Cass County
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ mostly Cass County but partly in Jackson County
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ 2010 census report for Jackson County, Missouri
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". - Text list
  75. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

External links

Script error: No such module "Side box".

Script error: No such module "navbox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "navbox".

Script error: No such module "Coordinates".

Script error: No such module "Authority control".

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