Indian Premier League

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The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional Twenty20 (T20) cricket league in India, organised by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI).[1] Founded in 2007, it features ten city-based franchise teams.[2] The IPL is the most popular and richest cricket league, and the second-richest sports league in the world. It is held annually between March and May. It has an exclusive window in the Future Tours Programme of the International Cricket Council, resulting in fewer international tours occurring during the seasons.[3] It is also the most viewed Indian sports event, per the Broadcast Audience Research Council.[4][5]

In 2010, the IPL became the first sporting event to broadcast live on YouTube.[6][7] In 2014, it ranked sixth in attendance among all sports leagues.[8] Inspired by the success of the IPL, other Indian sports leagues have been established.Template:Efn[9][10] The IPL is the second-richest sports league in the world by per-match value, after the National Football League.[11] In 2023, the league sold its media rights for the next four seasons for US$6.4 billion to Viacom18 and Star Sports,[12] which meant that each IPL match was valued at $13.4 million.[13] As of 2025, there have been 18 seasons of the tournament. The current champions are the Royal Challengers Bengaluru, who won the 2025 season after defeating the Punjab Kings in the final.

History

Winners of the
Indian Premier League
Season Winners
2008 Rajasthan Royals
2009 Deccan Chargers
2010 Chennai Super Kings
2011 Chennai Super Kings (2)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2012 Kolkata Knight Riders
2013 Mumbai Indians
2014 Kolkata Knight Riders (2)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2015 Mumbai Indians (2)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2016 Sunrisers Hyderabad 
2017 Mumbai Indians (3)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2018 Chennai Super Kings (3)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2019 Mumbai Indians (4)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2020 Mumbai Indians (5)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2021 Chennai Super Kings (4)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2022 Gujarat Titans
2023 Chennai Super Kings (5)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2024 Kolkata Knight Riders (3)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2025 Royal Challengers Bengaluru

Background

In April 2007, Essel Group launched the Indian Cricket League (ICL), in partnership with IL&FS.[14][15] The ICL was not recognized by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) or the International Cricket Council (ICC). Moreover, the BCCI was unhappy about its committee members joining the ICL executive board.[16][17] In response, the BCCI increased the prize money for its domestic tournaments and imposed lifetime bans on players who joined the ICL, which it considered a rebel league.[18][19]

Foundation

On 13 September 2007, as the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 began, the BCCI launched the Indian Premier League, an annual franchise-based Twenty20 cricket competition.Template:R The inaugural season was scheduled to start in April 2008, commencing with a "high-profile ceremony" in New Delhi. BCCI vice-president Lalit Modi, who led the IPL initiative, provided details of the tournament, including its format, prize money, franchise revenue system, and squad composition rules. The league, to be managed by a seven-person governing council, would also serve as the qualifying mechanism for that year's Champions League Twenty20.[20][21]

To determine team ownership, an auction for the franchises was held on 24 January 2008. The reserve prices for the eight franchises totalled $400 million,[19] but the auction ultimately raised $723.59 million.[22] The league officially commenced in April 2008, featuring Chennai Super Kings (CSK), Mumbai Indians (MI), Delhi Daredevils (DD), Kings XI Punjab (KXIP), Deccan Chargers (DC), Rajasthan Royals (RR), Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR), and Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB).[23]

In 2009, the BCCI and other national boards offered amnesty to rival ICL's players and officials, provided they terminated their contracts. The resulting player exodus and financial difficulties forced ICL to shut down later that year.[24][25][26]

File:IPL T20 Chennai vs Kolkata.JPG
A match during the 2008 IPL inaugural season in Chennai

Expansions and terminations

New franchises, Pune Warriors India and Kochi Tuskers Kerala, joined the league before the fourth season in 2011.[27] The Sahara Adventure Sports Group purchased the Pune franchise for $370 million, while Rendezvous Sports World bought the Kochi franchise for $333.3 million.[27] The Kochi franchise was terminated after just one season due to their failure to pay the BCCI the 10% bank guarantee element of the franchise fee.[28]

In September 2012, the Deccan Chargers franchise agreement was terminated after the BCCI failed to find new owners.[29] In October, an auction was held for a replacement franchise; Sun TV Network won the bid for what became the Hyderabad franchise;[30] the team was named Sunrisers Hyderabad.[31]

Pune Warriors India withdrew from the IPL in May 2013 due to financial differences with the BCCI.[32] The BCCI officially terminated the franchise in October, and the league reverted to eight teams.[33]

In June 2015, the two-time champions Chennai Super Kings and the inaugural season champions Rajasthan Royals were suspended for two seasons following their involvement in a spot-fixing and betting scandal.[34] The two teams were replaced for two seasons by Rising Pune Supergiant and Gujarat Lions based in Pune and Rajkot respectively.[35][36]

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the venue for the 2020 season was moved and games were played in the United Arab Emirates.[37][38] In August 2021, the BCCI announced that two new franchises, based in two of six shortlisted cities, would join the league in the 2022 season.[39][40] In closed bidding held in October, the RPSG Group and CVC Capital won the bids for the teams, paying Template:Indian rupee7,000 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|7000|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}) and Template:Indian rupee5,200 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|5200|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}), respectively.[41][42] The teams were subsequently named Lucknow Super Giants and Gujarat Titans.

Several IPL franchise owners have expanded their business by acquiring teams in other franchise leagues, such as the West Indies' Caribbean Premier League (CPL), South Africa's SA20, the UAE's International League T20 (ILT20) and the USA's Major League Cricket (MLC).

In 2023, owners of three existing IPL teams - Mumbai Indians, Delhi Capitals and Royal Challengers Bengaluru secured the rights for the homonymous franchises in the Women's Premier League.[43]

In addition to these acquisitions, Delhi Capitals also bought a stake in MLC's Seattle Orcas.[44]

In 2025, stakes in teams from The Hundred became available. RPSG Group (Lucknow Super Giants) bought a 70% stake in Manchester Originals for around £81m, while Reliance Industries (Mumbai Indians) bought at 49% stake in the Oval Invincibles for £60m.[45] Yorkshire sold 100% of Northern Superchargers to Sun Group (Sunrisers Hyderabad) for £100m.[46] The GMR Group (Delhi Capitals) had already acquired Hampshire in a 2024 deal, including the club's 51% stake in the Southern Brave[47] and bought the remaining 49% for around £48m.[48]

IPL
India Men's 		WPL
India Women's 		CPL
West Indies Men's 		SA20
South Africa Men's 		ILT20
UAE Men's 		MLC
USA Men's 		The Hundred
England Men's
Chennai Super Kings Joburg Super Kings Texas Super Kings
Delhi Capitals Delhi Capitals Pretoria Capitals Dubai Capitals Seattle OrcasTemplate:Efn Southern Brave
Gujarat Titans
Kolkata Knight Riders Trinbago Knight Riders Abu Dhabi Knight Riders Los Angeles Knight Riders
Lucknow Super Giants Durban's Super Giants Manchester OriginalsTemplate:Efn
Mumbai Indians Mumbai Indians MI Cape Town MI Emirates MI New York Oval InvinciblesTemplate:Efn
Punjab Kings Saint Lucia Kings
Rajasthan Royals Barbados Royals Paarl Royals
Royal Challengers Bengaluru Royal Challengers Bengaluru
Sunrisers Hyderabad Sunrisers Eastern Cape Northern Superchargers

Organization

The IPL's headquarters are located in the Cricket Centre, next to the Wankhede Stadium in Churchgate, Mumbai. The Governing Council is responsible for the league's functions, including the organization of tournaments. since March 2025Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., its members included:[49]

  • Arun Singh Dhumal – Chairman[50][51]
  • Devajit Saikia – Honorary Secretary BCCI, Member
  • Prabhtej Singh Bhatia – Honorary Treasurer BCCI, Member
  • Avishek Dalmiya – Member
  • Vankina Chamundeswara Nath – Indian Cricketers' Association's representative, Member
  • CM Sane – CAG Nominee, Member

Player acquisition, squad composition, and salaries

A team can acquire players through the annual Template:Vanchor, trading with other teams during trading windows, and signing replacements for unavailable players. Players sign up for the auction[52] and set their base price and are bought by the highest-bidding franchise. Unsold players at the auction can become replacement signings. Trades require player consent, and any contract differences are covered by the franchise. There are typically three trading windows: two before the auction and one before the tournament. No trading is allowed outside these windows or during the tournament, but replacements can be signed before or during the event.

Other notable rules, as of the 2024 season, include:

  • The salary cap of the entire squad have been allotted a purse of ₹120 crore each.[53]
  • Under-19 players cannot be picked unless they have previously played first-class or List A cricket.[54]

Player contracts run for one year but can be extended by one or two years if the franchises take up the option. Since the 2014 season, player contracts have been denominated in the Indian rupee, before which the contracts were in the US dollar. Overseas players can be remunerated in the currency of the player's choice, at the exchange rate on either the contract due date or the actual payment date.[55] Before the 2014 season, Indian domestic players were not included in the player auction pool. They could be signed up by franchises at a discrete amount while a fixed sum of Template:Indian rupee10 lakh ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|10|5||USD|year={{{year}}}}}) to Template:Indian rupee30 lakh ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|30|5||USD|year={{{year}}}}}) would be deducted per signing from the franchise's salary purse. This received significant opposition from franchise owners, who complained richer franchises were "luring players with under-the-table deals." The IPL later decided to include domestic players in the player auction.[56]

The BCCI give 10% of foreign players' salaries to their country's national cricket board.[57]

Based on a 2024 report by Forbes India, the average IPL salary among the top 10 highest-paid players is ₹12.37 crore,[58] the second-highest of sports leagues in the world. Because players in the IPL are contracted only for the duration of the tournament – less than two months – the weekly IPL salaries are extrapolated pro data to obtain an average annual salary, unlike other sports leagues in which players are contracted by a single team for the entire year.[59]

According to a report by The Telegraph, IPL players are paid 18% of the revenue, which is the lowest amount compared to other major sports leagues, in which players receive at least 50% of the revenue. The Federation of International Cricketers' Associations said that IPL players must be paid fairly.[60][61][62]

Prize money

The 2022 season of the IPL offered total prize money of Template:Indian rupee46.5 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|46.5|7||USD|year=2022}}), with the winning team netting Template:Indian rupee20 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|20|7||USD|year=2022}}) and the second-placed team Template:Indian rupee13 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|13|7||USD|year=2022}}).[63][64] League rules mandate that half of any prize money must be distributed amongst the franchise's players.[65] Royal Challengers Bengaluru won their first IPL title in 2025, receiving ₹20 crore, while runners-up Punjab Kings earned ₹12 crore.[66]

Rules and format

The IPL has several rules which vary from the established laws of cricket or those used in other Twenty20 leagues:

  • IPL games incorporate television timeouts. Each team is given a two-and-a-half-minute "strategic time-out" during each innings. One must be taken by the bowling team at the end of either 6th, 7th, 8th or 9th over and the other by the batting team at the end of either 13th, 14th, 15th or 16th over. A penalty may be imposed if umpires find teams misusing this privilege.[67]
  • Since the 2018 season, the Decision Review System (DRS) has been used in all IPL matches, allowing each team two opportunities in each innings to review an on-field umpire's decision.[68] From the 2023 season, this was extended to allow the review of wides and no-balls.[69]
  • If the bowling team does not complete its overs in the allocated time, it may place only four fielders outside of the fielding restrictions circle for the remainder of the innings,[69] or the match referee may impose financial sanctions on the bowling team after the match, with players fined a proportion of their match fee.[70]
  • Teams can use a substitute, termed an "impact player", from a list of five players named as possible substitutes. The substitution can be made before the start of the innings, when a wicket falls, when a batter retires or at the end of an over. Both teams can introduce a substitute once per match.[71][72]
  • Teams can declare their playing eleven to the match referee before or after the toss.[71]
  • A five-run penalty is imposed if a fielder or wicket-keeper makes an unfair movement while the bowler is bowling and the ball is designated as dead ball.[73][69][71]
  • Teams can include a maximum of four overseas players in their playing eleven. If a team wants an overseas player as impact player, then it must include a maximum of three overseas players in their playing eleven.[72]
  • Teams must include 25 players, with a maximum of eight overseas players.[74]
  • From the 2024 season, bowlers will be allowed to deliver two bouncers an over. This change in playing conditions was trialled during the 2023–24 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, India's domestic T20 tournament.[75]

In most tournaments, the tournament consists of a round-robin group stage followed by a single-elimination knockout stage.

Year Teams Matches Format
2008 8 59 Round-robin tournament, semi-final, final
2009 8 59
2010 8 60 Round-robin tournament, eliminator, 3rd place match, final
2011 10 74 Double Round-robin tournament, eliminator, 3rd place match, final
2012 9 76 Round-robin tournament, eliminator, 3rd place match, final
2013 9 76
2014 8 60 Round-robin tournament, eliminator, 3rd place match, final
2015 8 60
2016 8 60
2017 8 60
2018 8 60
2019 8 60
2020 8 60
2021 8 60
2022 10 74 Double Round-robin tournament, eliminator, 3rd place match, final
2023 10 74
2024 10 74
2025 10 74

Teams

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi". The IPL began in 2008 IPL with eight teams. Over the years, the league saw several team changes. Deccan Chargers, were terminated in 2012 due to financial issues and were replaced by Sunrisers Hyderabad in 2013. Kochi Tuskers Kerala debuted in 2011 but lasted only one season before being terminated for contract breaches. Pune Warriors India participated from 2011 IPL to 2013 IPL but withdrew due to financial disputes. In 2016, Chennai Super Kings (CSK) and Rajasthan Royals (RR) were suspended for two years due to the 2013 betting scandal, leading to the temporary inclusion of Rising Pune Supergiant and Gujarat Lions, both of which played in 2016 IPL and 2017 IPL before being dissolved when CSK and RR returned in 2018 IPL. In 2022 IPL, the league expanded again with the introduction of Gujarat Titans and Lucknow Super Giants, making it a ten-team tournament. Over time, some teams underwent rebranding, such as Delhi Daredevils becoming Delhi Capitals in 2019 and Kings XI Punjab rebranding as Punjab Kings in 2021. Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians remain the most successful franchises, winning five IPL titles each.[76] As of the 2025 season, the league consists of 10 teams.

Team City Home ground Debut Captain Head coach Owner(s) Ref
Chennai Super Kings Chennai, Tamil Nadu M. A. Chidambaram Stadium 2008 Ruturaj Gaikwad Stephen Fleming Chennai Super Kings Cricket Limited
Delhi Capitals New Delhi, Delhi Arun Jaitley Stadium 2008 Axar Patel Hemang Badani GMR Group (50%)
JSW Group (50%) 		[77]
Gujarat Titans Ahmedabad, Gujarat Narendra Modi Stadium 2022 Shubman Gill Ashish Nehra Torrent Group (67%)
CVC Capital (33%) 		[78]
Kolkata Knight Riders Kolkata, West Bengal Eden Gardens 2008 Ajinkya Rahane Chandrakant Pandit Shah Rukh Khan (55%)
Mehta Group (45%) 		[78]
Lucknow Super Giants Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Ekana Stadium 2022 Rishabh Pant Justin Langer RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group [79]
Mumbai Indians Mumbai, Maharashtra Wankhede Stadium 2008 Hardik Pandya Mahela Jayawardene Reliance Industries [80]
Punjab Kings New Chandigarh, Punjab Maharaja Yadavindra Singh Stadium 2008 Shreyas Iyer Ricky Ponting Mohit Burman (48%)
Ness Wadia (23%)
Preity Zinta (23%)
Karan Paul (6%) 		[81]
Rajasthan Royals Jaipur, Rajasthan Sawai Mansingh Stadium 2008 Sanju Samson Rahul Dravid Manoj Badale (65%)
RedBird (15%)
Lachlan Murdoch (13%) 		[82]
Royal Challengers Bengaluru Bengaluru, Karnataka M. Chinnaswamy Stadium 2008 Rajat Patidar Andy Flower United Spirits [83]
Sunrisers Hyderabad Hyderabad, Telangana Rajiv Gandhi Stadium 2013 Pat Cummins Daniel Vettori Sun TV Network [84]

Defunct teams

Team City State Home ground Debut Dissolved Owner(s)
Deccan Chargers Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh[85] Rajiv Gandhi Stadium 2008 2012 Deccan Chronicle
Kochi Tuskers Kerala Kochi Kerala Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium 2011 2012 Rendezvous Sports World
Pune Warriors India Pune Maharashtra MCA Stadium 2011 2013 Sahara India Pariwar
Rising Pune Supergiant 2016 2018 RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group
Gujarat Lions Rajkot Gujarat Niranjan Shah Stadium 2016 2018 Intex Technologies

Timeline of teams

<timeline> DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width:1100 height:auto barincrement:25 Period = from:2008 till:2026 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal PlotArea = right:120 left:20 bottom:50 top:5 #> to display a count on the left side of the graph, use "left:20" to suppress the count, use "left:20"<# Colors = id:barcolor 

id:line value:pink
id:bg value:white
         id:Present value:rgb(0.4,0.80,0.67) # Use this color to denote a team that is a current league member
         id:Former value:rgb(0.742,0.727,0.852) # Use this color to denote a team that is a former league member
         id:Suspended value:rgb(0.996,0.996,0.699) # Use this color to denote a team that is suspended

PlotData = 

width:15 textcolor:black shift:(5,-5) anchor:from fontsize:S

bar:1  color:Present from:2008 till:2016 text: Chennai Super Kings (2008–2015; 2018–present)
bar:1  color:Suspended from:2016 till:2018 text: Suspended
bar:1  color:Present from:2018 till:end text:

bar:2  color:Present from:2008 till:2019 text: Delhi Daredevils (2008–2018)
bar:2  color:Present from:2019 till:end text: Delhi Capitals (2019–present)

bar:3  color:Present from:2008 till:end text: Kolkata Knight Riders (2008–present)

bar:4  color:Present from:2008 till:end text: Mumbai Indians (2008–present)

bar:5  color:Present from:2008 till:2021 text: Kings XI Punjab (2008–2020)
bar:5  color:Present from:2021 till:end text: Punjab Kings (2021–present)

bar:6  color:Present from:2008 till:2016 text: Rajasthan Royals (2008–2015; 2018–present)
bar:6  color:Suspended from:2016 till:2018 text: Suspended
bar:6  color:Present from:2018 till:end text:

bar:7  color:Present from:2008 till:2024 text: Royal Challengers Bangalore (2008–2023)
bar:7  color:Present from:2024 till:end text: Royal Challengers Bengaluru (2024–present)

bar:8  color:Former from:2008 till:2013 text: Deccan Chargers (2008–2012)
bar:8  color:Present from:2013 till:end text: Sunrisers Hyderabad (2013–present)

bar:9  color:Former from:2011 till:2012 text: Kochi Tuskers Kerala (2011)
bar:9  color:Former from:2016 till:2018 text: Gujarat Lions (2016–2017)
bar:9  color:Present from:2022 till:end text: Gujarat Titans (2022–present)

bar:10  color:Former from:2011 till:2014 text: Pune Warriors India (2011–2013)
bar:10  color:Former from:2016 till:2018 text: Rising Pune Supergiant (2016–2017)
bar:10  color:Present from:2022 till:end text: Lucknow Super Giants (2022–present)

ScaleMajor = gridcolor:line unit:year increment:1 start:2008 TextData = 

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</timeline>

Present teams Former teams Suspended

Players

IPL teams choose players through a structured auction process and retention rules. Before the auction, teams retain a few key players and can use the Right to Match (RTM) card to re-sign their former players. During the auction, players are listed with a base price, and franchises bid within their fixed budget to build a balanced squad of batters, bowlers, all-rounders, and wicketkeepers, ensuring they follow squad composition rules (minimum 18, maximum 25 players, with a limit of 8 overseas players). Teams rely on scouting networks to analyze player performance in domestic and international leagues, focusing on stats, fitness, and potential. If a player gets injured, teams can sign replacements from unsold players, and they also use a trading window to exchange players before and after the auction. Template:Static-row-numbers

List of countries players who have played in Indian Premier League
Countries Highest bidded player (year) First Last
File:Flag of India.svg India Rishabh Pant - ₹27 crore (2025) 2008 2025
File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Mitchell Starc - ₹24.75 crore (2024) 2008 2025
File:Flag of England.svg England Sam Curran - ₹18.5 crore (2023) 2008 2025
File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa Heinrich Klaasen - ₹23 crore (2025) 2008 2025
File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Kyle Jamieson - ₹25 crore (2021) 2008 2025
File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan Shahid Afridi - ₹2.71 crore (2008) 2008 2008
Template:Country data SL Wanindu Hasaranga - ₹10.75 crore (2022) 2008 2025
File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh Mustafizur Rahman - ₹6 crore (2025) 2008 2025
File:WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg West Indies Nicholas Pooran - ₹16 crore (2023) 2008 2025
File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe Sikander Raza - ₹50 lakh (2023) 2008 2025
File:Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg Afghanistan Noor Ahmad - ₹10 crore (2025) 2017 2025
File:Cricket Ireland flag.svg Ireland Josh Little - ₹4.4 crore (2023) 2023 2023
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Dirk Nannes - ₹3.2 crore (2011) 2011 2011
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States Ali Khan (replacement) (2020) 2020 2020
File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates Chirag Suri - ₹10 lakh (2017) 2017 2017
File:Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia David Wiese - ₹3 crore (2013) 2015 2023
File:Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal Sandeep Lamichhane- ₹10 lakh (2020) 2020 2020

The IPL has several rules for an IPL Auction:

  • Total Purse: For the 2025 IPL season, the total salary cap for each team is Rs. 120 crore.
  • Minimum Spending: Each team must spend at least 75% of their total salary cap.
  • Squad Size: Minimum: 18 players, Maximum: 25 players and Maximum: 8 overseas players
  • Retention & Auction: Teams can retain some players before the auction (retention costs are deducted from the salary cap). Remaining salary cap is used in the auction to buy new players.[86]

Here is a table listing the most expensive player acquisitions in each Indian Premier League (IPL) season, along with their respective teams and purchase prices.

List of most expensive player in IPL Auction each year
Year Auction City Player Nationality Team Price INR Ref.
2008 Mumbai MS Dhoni File:Flag of India.svg India Chennai Super Kings 9.5 crore [87]
2009 Goa Kevin Pietersen File:Flag of England.svg England Royal Challengers Bangalore 9.8 crore [88]
Andrew Flintoff File:Flag of England.svg England Chennai Super Kings
2010 Bengaluru Shane Bond File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Kolkata Knight Riders 4.8 crore [89]
Kieron Pollard File:WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg West Indies Mumbai Indians
2011 Gautam Gambhir File:Flag of India.svg India Kolkata Knight Riders 14.9 crore [90]
2012 Chennai Ravindra Jadeja File:Flag of India.svg India Chennai Super Kings 12.8 crore [91]
2013 Glenn Maxwell File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Mumbai Indians 6.3 crore [92]
2014 Dubai Yuvraj Singh File:Flag of India.svg India Royal Challengers Bangalore 14 crore [93]
2015 Bengaluru Yuvraj Singh File:Flag of India.svg India Delhi Daredevils 16 crore [94]
2016 Shane Watson File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Royal Challengers Bangalore 9.5 crore [95]
2017 Ben Stokes File:Flag of England.svg England Rising Pune Supergiant 14.5 crore [96]
2018 Ben Stokes File:Flag of England.svg England Rajasthan Royals 12.5 crore [97]
2019 Jaipur Varun Chakravarthy File:Flag of India.svg India Kings XI Punjab 8.4 crore [98][99]
2020 Kolkata Pat Cummins File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Kolkata Knight Riders 15.5 crore [100]
2021 Chennai Chris Morris Template:Country data SA Rajasthan Royals 16.25 crore
2022 Bengaluru Ishan Kishan File:Flag of India.svg India Mumbai Indians 15.25 crore
2023 Kochi Sam Curran File:Flag of England.svg England Punjab Kings 18.5 crore
2024 Dubai Mitchell Starc File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Kolkata Knight Riders 24.75 crore
2025 Jeddah Rishabh Pant File:Flag of India.svg India Lucknow Super Giants 27 crore

Tournament summary

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians have each won five titles, the most in the tournament. Kolkata Knight Riders have won three titles,[101] while Rajasthan Royals, Deccan Chargers, Sunrisers Hyderabad, Gujarat Titans and Royal Challengers Bengaluru have each won a single title.[102][103] The reigning champions are the Royal Challengers Bengaluru, who defeated the Punjab Kings by six runs in the 2025 IPL final to secure their first title.

Team Won Runners Up Playoffs Played Seasons Played
Chennai Super Kings 5 (2010, 2011, 2018, 2021, 2023) 5 (2008, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2019) 12 16
Mumbai Indians 5 (2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2020) 1 (2010) 11 18
Kolkata Knight Riders 3 (2012, 2014, 2024) 1 (2021) 8 18
Royal Challengers Bengaluru 1 (2025) 3 (2009, 2011, 2016) 10 18
Sunrisers Hyderabad 1 (2016) 2 (2018, 2024) 7 13
Rajasthan Royals 1 (2008) 1 (2022) 6 16
Gujarat Titans 1 (2022) 1 (2023) 3 4
Deccan Chargers † 1 (2009) 2 5
Punjab Kings 2 (2014, 2025) 3 18
Delhi Capitals 1 (2020) 6 18
Rising Pune Supergiant † 1 (2017) 1 2
Lucknow Super Giants 2 4
Gujarat Lions † 1 2
Pune Warriors India † - 3
Kochi Tuskers Kerala † - 1

† Team now defunct

Editions and results

Year Final Venue Player of the Season
Winner Result Runners Up
2008 Rajasthan Royals
164/7 (20 overs)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		RR won by 3 wickets
Scorecard 		Chennai Super Kings
163/5 (20 overs)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		DY Patil Stadium,
Navi Mumbai 		Shane Watson (RR)
2009 Deccan Chargers
143/6 (20 overs)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		DC won by 6 runs
Scorecard 		Royal Challengers Bangalore
137/9 (20 overs) 		Wanderers Stadium,
Johannesburg 		Adam Gilchrist (DC)
2010 Chennai Super Kings
168/5 (20 overs)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		CSK won by 22 runs
Scorecard 		Mumbai Indians
146/9 (20 overs) 		DY Patil Stadium,
Navi Mumbai 		Sachin Tendulkar (MI)
2011 Chennai Super Kings
205/5 (20 overs) 		CSK won by 58 runs
Scorecard 		Royal Challengers Bangalore
147/8 (20 overs) 		M. A. Chidambaram Stadium,
Chennai 		Chris Gayle (RCB)
2012 Kolkata Knight Riders
192/5 (19.4 overs) 		KKR won by 5 wickets
Scorecard 		Chennai Super Kings
190/3 (20 overs) 		M. A. Chidambaram Stadium,
Chennai 		Sunil Narine (KKR)
2013 Mumbai Indians
148/9 (20 overs) 		MI won by 23 runs
Scorecard 		Chennai Super Kings
125/9 (20 overs) 		Eden Gardens,
Kolkata 		Shane Watson (RR)
2014 Kolkata Knight Riders
200/7 (19.3 overs) 		KKR won by 3 wickets
Scorecard 		Kings XI Punjab
199/4 (20 overs) 		M. Chinnaswamy Stadium,
Bengaluru 		Glenn Maxwell (KXIP)
2015 Mumbai Indians
202/5 (20 overs) 		MI won by 41 runs
Scorecard 		Chennai Super Kings
161/8 (20 overs) 		Eden Gardens,
Kolkata 		Andre Russell (KKR)
2016 Sunrisers Hyderabad
208/7 (20 overs) 		SRH won by 8 runs
Scorecard 		Royal Challengers Bangalore
200/7 (20 overs) 		M. Chinnaswamy Stadium,
Bengaluru 		Virat Kohli (RCB)
2017 Mumbai Indians
129/8 (20 overs) 		MI won by 1 run
Scorecard 		Rising Pune Supergiant
128/6 (20 overs)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Rajiv Gandhi Stadium,
Hyderabad 		Ben Stokes (RPS)
2018 Chennai Super Kings
181/2 (18.3 overs)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		CSK won by 8 wickets
Scorecard 		Sunrisers Hyderabad
178/6 (20 overs)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Wankhede Stadium,
Mumbai 		Sunil Narine (KKR)
2019 Mumbai Indians
149/8 (20 overs) 		MI won by 1 run
Scorecard 		Chennai Super Kings
148/7 (20 overs) 		Rajiv Gandhi Stadium,
Hyderabad 		Andre Russell (KKR)
2020 Mumbai Indians
157/5 (18.4 overs) 		MI won by 5 wickets
Scorecard 		Delhi Capitals
156/7 (20 overs) 		Dubai International Stadium, Dubai Jofra Archer (RR)
2021 Chennai Super Kings
192/3 (20 overs) 		CSK won by 27 runs
Scorecard 		Kolkata Knight Riders
165/9 (20 overs) 		Dubai International Stadium,
Dubai 		Harshal Patel (RCB)
2022 Gujarat Titans
133/3 (18.1 overs) 		GT won by 7 wickets
Scorecard 		Rajasthan Royals
130/9 (20 overs) 		Narendra Modi Stadium,
Ahmedabad 		Jos Buttler (RR)
2023 Chennai Super Kings
171/5 (15 overs) 		CSK won by 5 wickets (DLS)
Scorecard 		Gujarat Titans
214/4 (20 overs) 		Narendra Modi Stadium,
Ahmedabad 		Shubman Gill (GT)
2024 Kolkata Knight Riders
114/2 (10.3 overs) 		KKR won by 8 wickets
Scorecard 		Sunrisers Hyderabad
113/10 (18.3 overs) 		M. A. Chidambaram Stadium,
Chennai 		Sunil Narine (KKR)
2025 Royal Challengers Bengaluru
190/9 (20 overs) 		RCB won by 6 runs
Scorecard 		Punjab Kings
184/7 (20 overs) 		Narendra Modi Stadium,
Ahmedabad 		Suryakumar Yadav (MI)

Performance by teams

Seasons

Team 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Chennai Super Kings RU SF C C RU RU 3rd RU Suspended C RU 7th C 9th C 5th 10th
Delhi Capitals SF SF 5th 10th 3rd 9th 8th 7th 6th 6th 8th 3rd RU 3rd 5th 9th 6th 5th
Gujarat Titans – C RU 8th 4th
Kolkata Knight Riders 6th 8th 6th 4th C 7th C 5th 4th 3rd 3rd 5th 5th RU 7th 7th C 8th
Lucknow Super Giants – 4th 4th 7th 7th
Mumbai Indians 5th 7th RU 3rd 4th C 4th C 5th C 5th C C 5th 10th 3rd 10th 3rd
Punjab Kings SF 5th 8th 5th 6th 6th RU 8th 8th 5th 7th 6th 6th 6th 6th 8th 9th RU
Rajasthan Royals C 6th 7th 6th 7th 3rd 5th 4th Suspended 4th 7th 8th 7th RU 5th 3rd 9th
Royal Challengers Bengaluru 7th RU 3rd RU 5th 5th 7th 3rd RU 8th 6th 8th 4th 4th 3rd 6th 4th C
Sunrisers Hyderabad – 4th 6th 6th C 4th RU 4th 3rd 8th 8th 10th RU 6th
Defunct Teams
Deccan Chargers 8th C 4th 7th 8th –
Kochi Tuskers Kerala – 8th –
Pune Warriors India – 9th 9th 8th –
Gujarat Lions – 3rd 7th –
Rising Pune Supergiant – 7th RU –
  • Active teams are listed alphabetically. Defunct teams are listed by order of entry to the league, then alphabetically.

<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Champions
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Runners up
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Team won the 3rd place playoff; only took place in 2010
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Team qualified for the playoffs or semi-final

Positions each season

Year League Table
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
2008 RR KXIP CSK DD MI KKR RCB DEC
2009 DD CSK RCB DEC KXIP RR MI KKR
2010 MI DEC CSK RCB DD KKR RR KXIP
2011 RCB CSK MI KKR KXIP RR DEC KTK PWI DD
2012 DD KKR MI CSK RCB KXIP RR DEC PWI
2013 CSK MI RR SRH RCB KXIP KKR PWI DD
2014 KXIP KKR CSK MI RR SRH RCB DD
2015 CSK MI RCB RR KKR SRH DD KXIP
2016 GL RCB SRH KKR MI DD RPS KXIP
2017 MI RPS SRH KKR KXIP DD GL RCB
2018 SRH CSK KKR RR MI RCB KXIP DD
2019 MI CSK DC SRH KKR KXIP RR RCB
2020 MI DC SRH RCB KKR KXIP CSK RR
2021 DC CSK RCB KKR MI PBKS RR SRH
2022 GT RR LSG RCB DC PBKS KKR SRH CSK MI
2023 GT CSK LSG MI RR RCB KKR PBKS DC SRH
2024 KKR SRH RR RCB CSK DC LSG GT PBKS MI
2025 PBKS RCB GT MI DC SRH LSG KKR RR CSK

<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Indicates winner
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Indicates runners-up
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Indicates qualified for playoffs

All time standings

As of 3 June 2025Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Current teams
Team Appearances Best result Statistics
Total First Latest Played Won Lost <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />Tied+WScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />Tied+LScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". NR Win%
Chennai Super Kings 16 2008 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2010, 2011, 2018, 2021, 2023) 239 138 98 0 1 2 57.74
Mumbai Indians 18 2008 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2020) 261 142 115 2 2 0 54.40
Kolkata Knight Riders 18 2008 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2012, 2014, 2024) 252 130 117 1 3 0 52.40
Rajasthan Royals 16 2008 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2008) 222 110 106 2 1 2 50.91
Sunrisers Hyderabad 13 2013 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2016) 182 87 91 1 3 0 49.17
Gujarat Titans 4 2022 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2022) 45 28 17 0 0 0 62.22
Royal Challengers Bengaluru 18 2008 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2025) 256 121 128 2 1 4 48.61
Deccan Chargers 5 2008 2012 Script error: No such module "sort". (2009) 75 29 46 0 0 0 38.66
Punjab Kings 18 2008 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2014, 2025) 246 109 133 3 1 0 45.12
Delhi Capitals 18 2008 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2020) 252 112 134 3 1 2 44.44
Rising Pune Supergiant 2 2016 2017 Script error: No such module "sort". (2017) 30 15 15 0 0 0 50.00
Lucknow Super Giants 4 2022 2025 Script error: No such module "sort". (2022, 2023) 44 24 19 0 0 1 54.54
Gujarat Lions 2 2016 2017 Script error: No such module "sort". (2016) 30 13 16 0 1 0 45.00
Pune Warriors India 3 2011 2013 Script error: No such module "sort". (2011, 2012, 2013) 46 12 33 0 0 1 26.67
Kochi Tuskers Kerala 1 2011 2011 Script error: No such module "sort". (2011) 14 6 8 0 0 0 42.85

Source

Defunct team

Records and statistics

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As of 3 June 2025Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Virat Kohli with AudiQ7.png
Virat Kohli is the highest run scorer in IPL
File:Yuzvendra Chahal in PMO New Delhi.jpg
Yuzvendra Chahal is the highest wicket taker in IPL
Batting records
Most runs Virat Kohli (RCB) 8,661
Most fours Virat Kohli (RCB) 771
Most sixes Chris Gayle (RCB) 357
Most centuries Virat Kohli (RCB) 8
Most half-centuries Virat Kohli (RCB) 63
Most runs in a season Virat Kohli (RCB) 973 (2016)
Best strike rate Phil Salt (RCB) 175.71
Highest score Chris Gayle (RCB) 175* vs Pune Warriors
(23 April 2013)
Highest partnership Virat Kohli and AB de Villiers (RCB) 229 vs Gujarat Lions
(14 May 2016)
Bowling records
Most wickets Yuzvendra Chahal (MI/RCB/RR) 221
Best bowling figures Alzarri Joseph (MI) 6/12 vs Sunrisers Hyderabad
(6 April 2019)
Most wickets in a season Harshal Patel (RCB) 32 (2021)
Dwayne Bravo (CSK) 32 (2013)
Fielding records
Most dismissals as a wicket-keeper MS Dhoni (CSK/RPS) 201
Most catches as a fielder Virat Kohli (RCB)[104] 117
Team records
Highest total Sunrisers Hyderabad 287/3 (20) vs Royal Challengers Bengaluru
(15 April 2024)
Lowest total Royal Challengers Bengaluru 49 (9.4) vs Kolkata Knight Riders
(23 April 2017)

Source

Most appearances

since 3 June 2025Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Rank Player Team Years active Apps Runs Wkts
1 MS Dhoni CSK, RPS 2008–present 278 5,439 –
2 Rohit Sharma DCH, MI 2008–present 272 7,046 15
3 Virat Kohli RCB 2008–present 267 8,661 4
4 Dinesh Karthik DD, GL, KKR, KXIP, MI, RCB 2008–2024 257 4,842 –
5 Ravindra Jadeja CSK, GL, KTK, RR 2008–present 254 3,260 170
6 Shikhar Dhawan DC, DCH, MI, PBKS, SRH 2008–2024 222 6,769 4
7 R. Ashwin CSK, DC, KXIP, RPS, RR 2009–present 221 833 187
8 Suresh Raina CSK, GL 2008–2021 205 5,528 25
9 Robin Uthappa CSK, KKR, PWI, RCB, RR 2008–2022 205 4,952 –
10 Ambati Rayudu CSK, MI 2010–2023 204 4,348 –
  • Source: Cricinfo[105]
  • Currently active IPL players appear in boldface.

Prizes

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Prize money

Starting with the 2025 season, the distribution of the prize money is as follows.

  • Winner team: ₹20 crore (US$ 2.4 Million)
  • Runner-up team: ₹12 crore (US$ 1.4 Million)
  • Third-place team: ₹7 crore (US$ 0.83 Million)
  • Fourth-place team: ₹6.5 crore (US$ 0.77 Million)

Fair Play Award

The Fair Play Award is given after each season to the team considered to have the best fair play record. After each match, the two on-field umpires and the third umpire score the performance of both teams, with the highest-scoring team at the end of the season receiving the award.[106] The 2025 winners were Chennai Super Kings.

Team No. of Seasons won
Chennai Super Kings 7 (2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2025)
Rajasthan Royals 3 (2012, 2021, 2022)
Mumbai Indians 2 (2018, 2020)
Sunrisers Hyderabad 2 (2019, 2024)
Kings XI Punjab 1 (2009)
Gujarat Lions 1 (2017)
Gujarat Titans 1 (2022)
Delhi Capitals 1 (2023)

Orange Cap

The Orange Cap is awarded to the highest run-scorer at the end of each season. It is an ongoing competition with the current highest-run scorer wearing the cap whilst fielding. The eventual winner keeps the cap for the season. Brendon McCullum was the first player to wear the Orange Cap and Shaun Marsh the inaugural winner of the award. Australian batsman David Warner has won the award three times, more than any other player.[107] Virat Kohli of Royal Challengers Bengaluru, who scored 741 runs during the 2024 season, is the most recent winner of the award.[108][109]

No. of orange caps Player (Season year)
3 David Warner (2015, 2017, 2019)
2 Chris Gayle (2011, 2012), Virat Kohli (2016, 2024)
1 Shaun Marsh (2008), Matthew Hayden (2009), Sachin Tendulkar (2010), Michael Hussey (2013), Robin Uthappa (2014), Kane Williamson (2018), KL Rahul (2020), Ruturaj Gaikwad (2021), Jos Buttler (2022), Shubman Gill (2023),Sai Sudharsan (2025).

Purple Cap

The Purple Cap is awarded to the highest wicket-taker at the end of each season. It is an ongoing competition and the bowler who is the leading wicket-taker wears a purple cap whilst fielding. The eventual winner keeps the cap for the season. Bhuvneshwar Kumar and Dwayne Bravo are the only players to have won the award twice.[110][111] Harshal Patel of Punjab Kings who took 24 wickets during the 2024 season, is the most recent winner of the award.

Most Valuable Player

The Most Valuable Player award, formerly called the "Man of the Tournament" until the 2012 season, is awarded using a ratings system introduced in 2013. Sunil Narine won the award in 2024.

Emerging Player Award

The Emerging Player Award was presented to the best under-19 player in 2008 and the best under-23 player in 2009 and 2010. In 2011 and 2012, the award was known as "Rising Star of the Year," and in 2013 the "Best Young Player of the Season." Since 2014, the award has been called the Emerging Player of the Year. Mustafizur Rahman is the only foreign player to win this award.[112] The 2024 winner was Nitish Kumar Reddy.

Maximum Sixes Award

The Maximum Sixes Award is presented to the player who hits the most sixes at the end of the season.[113]

Finances

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Title sponsorship

Title sponsorship fees[114]
Sponsor Period Estimated annual sponsorship fee
DLF 2008–2012 Template:Indian rupee40 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|40|7|0|USD|year={{{year}}}}})
Pepsi 2013–2015 Template:Indian rupee79 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|79|7|0|USD|year={{{year}}}}})
Vivo 2016–2017 Template:Indian rupee100 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|100|7|0|USD|year={{{year}}}}})
2018–2019, 2021 Template:Indian rupee440 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|440|7|0|USD|year={{{year}}}}})
Dream11 2020 Template:Indian rupee222 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|222|7|0|USD|year={{{year}}}}})
TATA 2022–2023 Template:Indian rupee335 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|335|7|0|USD|year={{{year}}}}})
2024–2028 Template:Indian rupee500 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|500|7|0|USD|year={{{year}}}}})[115]

From 2008 to 2012, the IPL title sponsor was DLF, a real estate developer, which bid Template:Indian rupee200 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|200|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}).[116] After 2012, PepsiCo bought the rights for Template:Indian rupee397 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|397|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}) for five seasons,[117] but terminated the deal in 2015, two years before expiry, due to the two-season suspension of the Chennai and Rajasthan franchises.[118] The BCCI transferred the rights for those two seasons to Chinese smartphone manufacturer Vivo for Template:Indian rupee200 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|200|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}).[119]

File:Tata IPL EDEN 47th Match KKR vs SRH 02.png
Crowd during a match of the 2023 IPL season in Kolkata

In 2017, Vivo retained the rights for 2018-22 with a winning bid of Template:Indian rupee2,199 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|2199|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}).[120][121] In August 2020, Vivo canceled the rights due to a military stand-off between India and China.[122] The withdrawal was also a result of Vivo's market losses due to the COVID pandemic; Vivo intended to return as sponsor for the following three years.[123] Dream11 became sponsors for 2020 for Template:Indian rupee222 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|222|7||USD|year=2020}}).[124] Vivo returned for 2021[125] but withdrew again, and was replaced by the Tata Group for the next two seasons.[126] InsideSport reported the BCCI would receive Template:Indian rupee498 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|498|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}) for the 2022-23 seasons from title sponsors. Vivo had agreed to pay a higher amount for the last two seasons of its contract due to the league's expansion from 2022. Due to the new deal's structure, Tata would pay Template:Indian rupee335 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|335|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}) per year while Vivo would pay the deficit of Template:Indian rupee163 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|163|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}).[127][128] Aramco bought the rights to advertise on the Purple and Orange caps in 2022.[129]

Payments to foreign national boards

The BCCI pays 10% of the auctioned value of players to their national cricket boards. In 2018, IPL chairman Rajiv Shukla said the IPL would double the amount paid to cricket boards that made their players available for an entire season.[130] In 2022, the Australian Cricketers' Association expressed its unhappiness about this.[57]

Brand value

The IPL tournament rapidly grew in value between 2016-18. Experts valued it at US$4.2 billion in 2016, $5.3 billion in 2017 and $6.1 billion in 2018. A report from Duff & Phelps said a contributing factor was a television deal with Star India Private Limited, which engaged more viewers because the IPL was transmitted to regional channels in eight languages; under the previous deal, transmissions were limited to sports networks with English-language commentary.[131][132]

In 2022, the IPL became a decacorn valued at US$11 billion, registering a 75% growth since 2020 when it was valued at $6.2 billion.[133]

Brand value
Team Year
2024 2023 2022 2021
Brand value Ref Brand value Ref Brand value Ref Brand value Ref
Chennai Super Kings $122M [134] $81M [135] $74M [136][137][138] $76M [136]
Mumbai Indians $119M $87M $83M $80M
Royal Challengers Bengaluru $117M $70M $68M $50M
Kolkata Knight Riders $109M $79M $77M $66M
Sunrisers Hyderabad $85M $48M $49M $52M
Rajasthan Royals $81M $62M $61M $34M
Delhi Capitals $80M $64M $62M $56M
Gujarat Titans $69M $65M $47M N/A
Punjab Kings $68M $45M $45M $36M
Lucknow Super Giants $60M $47M $32M N/A

In 2022, the BCCI took insurance of Template:Indian rupee5,000 crore ({{INRConvert/Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".|5000|7||USD|year={{{year}}}}}) for the IPL. This policy involves all stakeholders, including broadcasters, ancillary services providers, and sponsors. The BCCI is covered in case of revenue losses due to weather, riots, and unforeseen events.[139]

Broadcasting

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The IPL has been India's most-watched sports property; JioCinema estimated that an average of 620 million viewers watched part of the 2024 Indian Premier League overall, with at least 350 billion minutes streamed across the tournament.[140] The 2025 final was seen on Star Sports by 169 million viewers, making it the most-watched cricket broadcast to-date on linear television.[141]

Currently, domestic media rights are held by JioStar, under contracts originally awarded in 2022 to its corporate predecessors Disney Star and Viacom18; coverage is carried via its streaming service JioHotstar, and the Star Sports pay television networks.[142][143] The main packages for domestic television and digital rights were collectively valued at around US$6.2 billion (more than double the value of the previous contract), causing the IPL to overtake the Premier League in English football as the second highest-valued sports media property worldwide, behind only the National Football League (US$111 billion).[144][145][146][147]

The IPL's media rights were originally held from 2008 to 2017 by Sony Pictures Networks (domestic) and World Sport Group (international) under a ten-year contract valued at US$1.03 billion.[148][149] Coverage was split between SPN channels such as Sony Max (which primarily carried coverage in the Hindi language), Sony Six (Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Kannada and Telugu), and Sony ESPN (English).[150] SPN also produced Extraaa Innings T20, an aftershow that combined post-match analysis with entertainment features such as celebrity guests and interviews.[151][152]

The media rights were then held by Star India from 2018 to 2022, under a contract valued at US$2.55 billion—which, at the time, was the highest-valued broadcast rights contract in the history of cricket. Star Sports would hold the pay television rights, while Disney+ Hotstar held the digital rights.[153][154][155][156] In 2022, Disney Star lost the digital rights to a consortium of Reliance Industries and Viacom18 (which would stream the IPL for free via their streaming service JioCinema),[157] while maintaining the pay television rights for Star Sports. The loss of IPL rights notably contributed to Disney losing 2.4 million Disney+ subscribers worldwide in fiscal Q4 2022.[158][159]

List of broadcasters

Territory Channels Years
India Star Sports 1
Star Sports 1 Hindi
Star Sports 1 Kannada
Star Sports 1 Tamil
Star Sports 1 Telugu HD
Star Gold
Star Bharat
Star Utsav Movies
Star Jalsa Movies
Star Maa Movies
Star Suvarna Plus
Star Vijay Super
Colors Tamil
Asianet Movies 		2024–2027
JioHotstar (Digital) 2024–2027
Afghanistan ATN HD
ATN News HD 		2024
Ariana Television (Digital) 2024
Australia Foxtel
Fox Cricket
Kayo Sports 		2023–present[160]
Kayo Freebies (Digital) 2023–present[160]
Bangladesh T Sports HD 2024
T Sports APP 2024
Indonesia Vidio (Digital) 2023[161]
New Zealand Colors TV 2024–present
Nepal Kantipur Max 2025
Pakistan Tapmad APP 2024
Ireland Sky Sports
DAZN 		2023–present
United Kingdom
South Africa SuperSport 2023[160]
Sri Lanka Star Sports 1
Star Sports 1 HD
Star Sports 2
Star Sports Select HD 1
Star Sports Select HD 2
Supreme TV 2023–present
SandBrix (Digital) 2025
United States Willow TV 2023[160]
Middle East and North Africa Times Internet 2023[160]
Sub-Saharan Africa SuperSport 2021–present

Controversies

IPL spot-fixing and betting

In the 2012 IPL spot-fixing case, the BCCI gave a lifetime ban to Deccan Chargers player TP Sudhindra and suspended four other players.[162] In a sting operation, Pune Warriors India player Mohnish Mishra was recorded stating that IPL franchise owners pay their players through black money. Mishra later apologized for his incorrect statement.[163][164] On 20 May 2012, police detained Rahul Sharma and Wayne Parnell when they were caught during a raid at a rave party in a suburb of Mumbai; both the players denied taking drugs or drinking alcohol.[165] However, it was later proven that in reality, they had taken banned drugs after police tested their urine and blood samples in a lab.[166]

In the 2013 IPL spot-fixing and betting case, Delhi police arrested players Ajit Chandila, Ankeet Chavan and S. Sreesanth on allegations of spot-fixing; they received a lifetime ban from the BCCI. The police also arrested Gurunath Meiyappan, Chennai Super Kings' team principal and son-in-law of then BCCI president N. Srinivasan, for illegally betting on IPL matches and passing team information to bookmakers.[167][168]

The Lodha Committee, appointed by the Supreme Court of India, banned Rajasthan Royals (RR) and Chennai Super Kings (CSK) for two years. CSK's team principal, Gurunath Meiyappan, was found guilty of betting and bringing the IPL and the game into disrepute. After this, the BCCI banned Meiyappan from involving in the game. Justice RM Lodha said that due to all this fixing-betting matter, the reputation of the game had been hurt quite grievously. "Disrepute has been brought to cricket, the BCCI and the IPL to such an extent that there are doubts abound in the public whether the game is clean or not," Justice Lodha said. He further elaborated on his committee's observations and said it had been proven beyond doubt that Meiyappan, CSK's team principal, was heavily involved in betting on his team.[169]

Strategic timeouts

In its Third season in 2010, the IPL administration brought a new rule: "strategic timeout" of seven minutes and fifty seconds duration in each inning. Franchises and Sachin Tendulkar disapproved of it. Many saw it as the BCCI's use of 'extended drinks break' to earn money; it faced widespread backlash.[170][171] Then-IPL president said that the rule is intended to allow teams to make strategies during the game. Still, critics disagreed with this argument and said that the strategic timeout is a way to generate money. Later, the BCCI reduced its duration but still applied it.[171]

These timeouts boost the IPL's revenue; every 10-second slot gets sold for ₹5 lakhs or more.[170] Due to these timeouts, an IPL match halts four times for more than 10 minutes. As per Sunil Gavaskar, along with many other reasons, strategic timeouts delay the IPL matches, causing them to not end at the stipulated time of 3 hours and 10 minutes but rather after 4 hours.[172] During the Super Giants versus Mumbai Indians eliminator game in 2023, he uttered on-air, "How many times batsmen get out after a strategic timeout," indicating that it plays a negative role in immediate fall of wickets by disrupting concentration of the batters.[173]

Some cricketers have criticized strategic timeouts for interrupting the flow of play. In the past, it even faced Public Interest Litigation (PIL) with the possibility that ST breaks were being used by bookies to connect with players. In the past, IPL's stakeholders admitted that STs are unavoidable because they provide the BCCI and broadcasters with additional time for more ads. In 2013, after a spot-fixing matter, then-president N. Srinivasan got sacked due to a pending inquiry, and Jagmohan Dalmia got appointed as interim president. Dalmia expressed openly that he wants to end STs and take other measures to restrain malpractices in the IPL.[170]

Incidents with players

In the 2008 edition, after a game, Harbhajan Singh, who was playing for Mumbai Indians, slapped S. Sreesanth. The IPL fined and banned him from the remaining entire edition. However, years later, he apologized to Sreesanth for it on TV and said that he was ashamed for doing it.[174][175]

In a 2022 interview, Yuzvendra Chahal revealed two incidents of physical harassment that happened with him while he was with Mumbai Indians. In 2013, at a party of the team in a building, a drunken teammate took him to the balcony, overpowered him and hung him from the 15th floor of the building. Yuzvendra said he narrowly survived that day.[176][177][178] In another incident, two teammates, including Andrew Symonds, tied him up, gagged his mouth and threw him into a hotel room. He remained alone in that room the entire night. When the hotel room service arrived in the morning, they untied his hands and legs.[179] He did not reveal the names of the offenders involved in the first incident. Reacting to these revelations, Virender Sehwag expressed that he wanted Yuzvendra to reveal the offender's name, and furious Ravi Shastri expressed that the offender should be banned.[177][178]

In 2010, the BCCI banned Ravindra Jadeja from the IPL for one year after he violated the IPL guidelines by not signing a renewal contract with his team Rajasthan Royals, and instead negotiated a more lucrative contract with other teams through the back door.[180]

Rajasthan Royals ownership dispute

In 2010, the BCCI president Shashank Manohar stated in a press conference that the IPL Governing Council did not know the true identities of the owners of the Rajasthan Royals (RR) and Kings XI Punjab (KXIP).[181] Amid the controversy, Shilpa Shetty stated via Twitter that she was a proprietor of the RR.[182] Manohar revealed that during the franchise bidding process, only Preity Zinta had initially come forward to bid for the KXIP.[183] Zinta subsequently formed a company and signed a franchise agreement with the BCCI; however, it was later revealed she did not hold any shares in her name within that company.[184] Manohar alleged that Shetty and Zinta may have violated their agreements, as prior permission from the BCCI was mandatory before transferring ownership shares to other individuals.[185]

N. Srinivasan's ownership of CSK

In 2010, an e-mail leaked in Indian media, according to an Economic Times article, said that former IPL president Lalit Modi helped then-BCCI president N. Srinivasan to buy Andrew Flintoff in the auction for his team Chennai Super Kings (CSK).[186] Srinivasan was criticized for owning an IPL team due to his conflict of interests. Former BCCI president A. Muthiah filed a lawsuit against Srinivasan in the Supreme Court of India; he claimed that Srinivasan altered the BCCI's rules to allow himself to purchase a team. The Lodha Committee banned CSK from the IPL for two years when their team principal, Gurunath Meiyappan, was found guilty of betting and providing inside information to bookies.[187] The supreme court criticized Srinivasan for buying an IPL team while serving as the BCCI president; a judge commented, "How can a BCCI chief own a team?"[188] However, he still owns the team and his daughter Rupa Gurunath often appears in stadiums during CSK's games.

Australian players' dispute with their board

Due to the BCCI giving one-tenth of foreign players' salaries to their respective countries' national cricket boards, a dispute between Australian cricketers and Cricket Australia started. The Australian Cricketers' Association also opposed the arrangement.[57]

Shashi Tharoor and Sunanda Pushkar's sweat equity in RSW

In 2010, the IPL president revealed that Sunanda Pushkar, wife of the Minister of State for External Affairs Shashi Tharoor, had sweat equity shares in Rendezvous Sports World (RSW), the proprietor of Kochi Tuskers Kerala. The opposition party BJP agitated against the Indian National Congress. Later, it was revealed that Pushkar had equity worth ₹70 crore in RSW. Tharoor offered to leave his equity, but many within the Congress party felt that by doing this, Tharoor pleaded guilty. Due to pressure, the Congress party demanded his resignation. He was the first minister of the United Progressive Alliance 2 who got slammed for his illegal moves.[189]

Slow over rates

Field umpires sometimes penalize teams by restricting them to having only four fielders outside the 30-yard area, or match referees penalize captains and team members by reducing their match fees, but these measures have not solved the problem. Games often run at a slow speed and finish late. During the 2024 season, Rishabh Pant, captain of Delhi Capitals, and Shubman Gill of Gujarat Titans were fined ₹12 lakhs each for their teams' slow over rates during matches against Chennai Super Kings.[190] Millions of viewers feel that IPL matches should be fast-paced.[191]

Negative impact on international cricket

Former India captain Kapil Dev claimed that there was an increasing risk of injury to Indian players from playing in the IPL. He felt that some players avoided the national team's matches but appeared in all of their IPL fixtures.[192]

Security Issues

During the IPL season of 2009, the then UPA Government refused to provide security by the Indian paramilitary forces, due to the Lok Sabha elections, further complicated by the attack on Sri Lankan cricket team in Pakistan on 3 March 2009.[193] As a result of this, the BCCI shifted the season to South Africa.[194]

A similar situation occurred during the 2014 season due to the 2014 elections, as then Home Minister Sushil Kumar Shinde declined to provide security.[195] However, due to different schedule, the tournament was jointly hosted by India and the United Arab Emirates, and the opening 20 matches were held in the UAE at three different stadiums in Abu Dhabi, Dubai and Sharjah, with the tournament returning to India on 2 May.[196]

On 9 May 2025, IPL 2025 was suspended for one week caused by the India-Pakistan border tensions, which resulted from the Pahalgam terrorist attack. The decision was taken by the IPL Governing Council after consulting all relevant stakeholders.[197][198] The geopolitical tensions caused by the conflict led to closure of several airports in North India, following which the Indian Railways organized special Vande Bharat trains for players on the request of BCCI.[199]

Exclusion of Pakistani and Bangladeshi players

Following the November 2008 terrorist attacks in Mumbai by Pakistan-based terrorist group Lashkar-e-Taiba, geopolitical tensions surged between India and Pakistan. The aftermath of the attack led to the unofficial exclusion of Pakistani players from playing in the IPL, as none of them were picked by any team during the 2009 IPL auction.[200] While they had been selected by several teams for the inaugural IPL season (2008), their contracts were terminated before the 2009 edition. This situation endured "due to political tensions".[201] Among the critics of the BCCI and IPL owners was retired cricketer and former Pakistan prime minister Imran Khan, who stated that they "take it out on Pakistan players". He accused the BCCI of "arrogance" but also stated that "Pakistan should not worry about it".[202] Certain Pakistani players expressed disappointment about not getting an opportunity to be a part of the IPL.[203][204]

During the 2025 IPL auction on 24 and 25 November 2024 at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 13 Bangladeshi players were registered, out of which 12 were auctioned.[205] However, none of the players were sold, prompting a backlash from Bangladeshi fans and cricketers.[206] After the auction concluded, the exclusion of Bangladeshi players was largely supported by Indians following the violence against Hindus in Bangladesh in the aftermath of resignation of Sheikh Hasina on August 5, 2024.[207]

See also

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Notes

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References

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  200. ↑ IPL 2023: Why aren't Pakistan players in the Indian Premier League? Template:Webarchive The Sporting News, 27 May 2023.
  201. ↑ 'Shaheen Afridi would be box office. Babar, Rizwan worrisome': Experts pick PAK cricketers for IPL in ‘perfect world’ Template:Webarchive. Hindustan Times, 4 June 2023.
  202. ↑ 'If India Doesn't Allow Pakistan Players In IPL...': Imran Khan Slams BCCI Template:Webarchive. NDTV Sports Desk, 1 April 2023.
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  205. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  206. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  207. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

Template:Sister project

  • Script error: No such module "Official website".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tournament home on ESPNcricinfo

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