I'll Be Back (song)

"I'll Be Back" is a song written by John Lennon,Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn with some collaboration from Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon–McCartney). It was recorded by the English rock band the Beatles for the soundtrack album to their film A Hard Day's Night (1964) but not used in the film. This song was not released in North America until Beatles '65, five months later.

Structure

According to musicologist Ian MacDonald, Lennon created the song based on the chords of Del Shannon's "Runaway"Template:Sfn a UK hit in April 1961. Author Bill Harry echoed this, noting that Lennon: "just reworked the chords of the Shannon number and came up with a completely different song".Template:Sfn

With its poignant lyric and flamenco style acoustic guitars "I'll Be Back" possesses a tragic air and is eccentric in structure. Unusually for a pop song, it shifts between major and minor keys, incorporates two distinct bridges, and lacks a traditional chorus. The fade-out ending also arrives unexpectedly, cutting off half a stanza early Template:Sfn

The metric structure also is unusual. The verse follows a six-measure phrase in Template:Music time. The first and third bridges consist of a four-measure phrase in Template:Music, followed by a phrase with two measures of Template:Music and one of Template:Music; the second bridge has a four-measure phrase followed by five measures of Template:Music and one of Template:Music.

Producer George Martin preferred to open and close Beatles albums with strong material explaining: "Another principle of mine when assembling an album was always to go out on a side strongly, placing the weaker material towards the end but then going out with a bang".Template:Sfn However, Ian MacDonald observed that "I'll Be Back" took a different approach: "Fading away in tonal ambiguity at the end of A Hard Day's Night, it was a surprisingly downbeat farewell and a token of coming maturity".Template:Sfn

Music journalist Robert Sandall later reflected on the song's significance in Mojo magazine writing: "I'll Be Back" was the early Beatles at their most prophetic. This grasp of how to colour arrangements in darker or more muted tones foreshadowed an inner journey they eventually undertook in three albums' time, on Rubber Soul".

Recording

The Beatles recorded "I'll Be Back" in 16 takes on 1 June 1964. The first nine were of the rhythm track, and the last seven were overdubs of the lead and harmony vocals, and an acoustic guitar overdub.

The Anthology 1 CD includes take two of "I'll Be Back", performed in [[6/8 time|Template:Music time]]. The recording broke down when Lennon fumbled over the words in the bridge, complaining on the take that "it's too hard to sing." The subsequent take, also included on Anthology, was performed in the [[4/4 time|Template:Music time]] used in the final take.

Personnel

According to Walter Everett,Template:Sfn except where noted:

• John LennonTemplate:Snd double-tracked vocal,Template:Sfn acoustic guitar
• Paul McCartneyTemplate:Snd harmony vocal, bass guitarTemplate:Sfn
• George HarrisonTemplate:Snd acoustic and lead nylon-string guitars
• Ringo StarrTemplate:SnddrumsTemplate:Sfn

Notable cover versions

• The Chicago-based band the Buckinghams released a version of this song in 1967 peaking #1 in the Philippines, according to Billboard magazine.
• Cliff Richard covered the song on his 1967 album Don't Stop Me Now!
• The Dutch band Golden Earring covered the song as "I'll Be Back Again" on their 1995 album Love Sweat.
• Shawn Colvin recorded a version of the song as a bonus track on her 2004 Polaroids: A Greatest Hits Collection album.

External links

• Alan W. Pollack's Notes on "I'll Be Back"