Hypercoaster

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Hyper coaster)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description

File:Ohio - Cedar Point 1.jpg
The world's first hypercoaster, Magnum XL-200 at Cedar Point

A hypercoaster is a roller coaster with a height or drop measuring at least Template:Convert.[1][2] The term was first coined by Arrow Dynamics and Cedar Point in 1989 with the opening of the world's first hypercoaster, Magnum XL-200, which features a height of Template:Convert. The next hypercoaster, Pepsi Max Big One, opened five years later at Blackpool Pleasure Beach featuring a height of Template:Convert.

Other roller coaster manufacturers may or may not recognize the term hypercoaster when naming their models. Intamin calls their hypercoaster model a Mega Coaster, and Bolliger & Mabillard labels theirs a Hyper Coaster. The competition between amusement parks to build increasingly taller roller coasters eventually led to the next height classification for roller coasters known as giga coasters, which have a height or drop measuring at least Template:Convert. This was soon followed by the world's first strata coasters – exceeding Template:Convert – with the release of Top Thrill Dragster in 2003.

History

The world's first hypercoaster was Magnum XL-200 at Cedar Point, which cost $8 million to construct. Cedar Point hired Arrow Dynamics for the design and construction began in 1988. Since its debut on May 6, 1989, Magnum XL-200 has accommodated over 36 million riders.[3] Cedar Point's official blog states that after building the ride, "...discussion was focused on just what a roller coaster such as Magnum should be called. After all, it had no loops like most of the other large steel coasters of the time and was so much bigger and faster than its non-looping brethren. After a couple of years, the name everyone agreed upon was hypercoaster."[4]

Description

Hypercoasters were originally built for speed and airtime, to counter the trend of constructing bigger and bigger looping coasters. To accomplish this the elements of a hypercoaster often include a large first drop, several additional drops of declining height, a large turn or helix, and then many airtime-inducing hills. Hypercoasters are commonly designed with an out and back layout, although there are occasionally hypercoasters that use a twister layout, such as Raging Bull at Six Flags Great America, and others that combine both, such as Diamondback at Kings Island.

Hypercoasters are highly-ranked in the annual Amusement Today Golden Ticket Awards. In 2006, Six Flags New England's Superman: Ride of Steel (later named Bizarro and Superman The Ride) was ranked first place. Others such as Magnum XL-200 (third), Nitro (fourth), and Apollo's Chariot (fifth) followed closely behind in the top five, with hypercoasters making up the majority of the Top 10 Steel Coasters.[5] By 2010, hypercoasters completely filled the top 10, as well as 16 of the top 20.[6]

Hypercoasters were first manufactured by Arrow Dynamics in the late 1980s to early 1990s. Since then, a number of companies, including Bolliger & Mabillard, Intamin, D. H. Morgan Manufacturing, and Giovanola have designed and constructed hypercoasters.

Though hypercoasters are typically steel roller coasters, Son of Beast at Kings Island was the first and only wooden hypercoaster. Due to a number of issues, the ride was eventually demolished in 2012.[7][8]

In 2018, Cedar Point opened the first hybrid hypercoaster, Steel Vengeance. Steel Vengeance is the first hypercoaster manufactured by Rocky Mountain Construction.[9]

Bolliger & Mabillard

Template:Infobox attraction model

File:Diamondback splashdown from the station.jpg
A train passes through Diamondback's splashdown element.

Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M) has produced 18 models over 21 years of production of hyper coasters, making it one of the more successful models manufactured by the company.[10]

The first installation of the hyper coaster was Apollo's Chariot located in Busch Gardens Williamsburg.[11][12] It was one of the two models released in 1999, the other being the Floorless Coaster. It was made in a similar style to the TOGO, D. H. Morgan Manufacturing, and Arrow Dynamics hypercoasters. In 2012, B&M produced its first giga coaster, Leviathan at Canada's Wonderland, exceeding 300 feet in height. Bolliger & Mabillard do not use the term giga, but have continued to produce roller coasters in this class.[13]

The typical design of B&M's hyper coaster model includes a large lift hill then a large drop with a steep angle of descent, and typically includes airtime hills. One exception, Raging Bull at Six Flags Great America does not have this standard "out-and-back" layout, but rather features a "twister" layout.[14]

The trains feature seven to nine cars of one row with four seats, resulting in each train seating 28 to 36 riders. Depending on the dispatch time and the number of trains, the coasters typically have a capacity of 1,200 to 1,500 riders per hour. Each seat features a unique clamshell restraint. Some trains used on B&M Hyper Coasters feature staggered seats, where the two outer seats are located farther back than the two center seats, creating a more open experience. Currently, this staggered seating arrangement is only featured on four coasters: Behemoth at Canada's Wonderland, Diamondback at Kings Island, Thunder Striker at Carowinds, and Shambhala at PortAventura Park.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Golden Ticket Awards

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The B&M Hyper Coaster has been the most successful model in the Golden Ticket Awards.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

B&M Hyper Coasters in the Top 15 Steel Coasters at the Golden Ticket Awards
Coaster 2009[15] 2010[16] 2011[17] 2012[18] 2013[19] 2014[20] 2015[21] 2016[22] 2017[23] 2018[24] 2019[25]
Nitro 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd 4th 5th 5th 5th 7th 11th 10th
Apollo's Chariot 5th 4th 7th 4th 5th 7th 6th 6th 11th 6th 8th
Goliath (SFOG) 4th 5th 4th 9th 7th 9th 12th 14th
Diamondback 7th 11th 10th 14th 4th 11th 9th 8th 10th 14th
Behemoth 12th 13th 15th 15th
Raging Bull 14th
Thunder Striker 7th 8th 10th 7th 8th
Leviathan 15th 6th 8th 7th 6th 8th 9th
Fury 325 4th 1st 1st 1st 1st
Mako 15th

List of hypercoasters

The following is a list of roller coasters with a height of at least Template:Convert. Shuttle roller coasters are typically not classified as hypercoasters and are therefore listed separately.[26]

Manufacturer Number Production
Intamin 23 (5 Shuttle) 1999–present
Bolliger & Mabillard 20 1999–present
Arrow Dynamics 5 1989–2001
D. H. Morgan Manufacturing 5 1996–2001
Premier Rides 4 (All Shuttle) 1997–2000
S&S Worldwide 4 2006–2012
Mack Rides 5 2017–present
Rocky Mountain Construction 3 2018–present
Giovanola 2 2000–2001
TOGO 2 1996–1997
Gerstlauer 1 2015
Chance Morgan 1 2004
Lagoon Amusement Park 1 2015
Meisho Amusement Machines 1 (All Shuttle) 1983
Roller Coaster Corporation of America 1 2000
S&S Sansei 1 2019–present
Vekoma 2 (1 Shuttle) 2010-present

Complete circuit

Name Park Country Manufacturer Height Opened Status Ref
Magnum XL-200 Cedar Point Template:Country data United States Arrow Dynamics Template:Convert May 1989 Operating [27]
The Big One Blackpool Pleasure Beach Template:Country data United Kingdom Arrow Dynamics Template:Convert May 1994 Operating [28]
Desperado Buffalo Bill's Template:Country data United States Arrow Dynamics Template:Convert August 1994 SBNO [29]
Wild Thing Valleyfair Template:Country data United States D. H. Morgan Manufacturing Template:Convert May 1996 Operating [30]
Fujiyama Fuji-Q Highland Template:Country data Japan TOGO Template:Convert July 1996 Operating [31]
Big Apple Coaster New York-New York Hotel & Casino Template:Country data United States TOGO Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn January 1997 Operating [32]
Steel Force Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom Template:Country data United States D. H. Morgan Manufacturing Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn May 1997 Operating [33]
Mamba Worlds of Fun Template:Country data United States D. H. Morgan Manufacturing Template:Convert April 1998 Operating [34]
Apollo's ChariotTemplate:Efn Busch Gardens Williamsburg Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn March 1999 Operating [35]
Raging Bull Six Flags Great America Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn May 1999 Operating [36]
Ride of Steel Six Flags Darien Lake Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert May 1999 Operating [37]
Goliath Six Flags Magic Mountain Template:Country data United States Giovanola Template:Convert February 2000 Operating [38]
Superman The Ride Six Flags New England Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert May 2000 Operating [39]
Superman – Ride of SteelTemplate:Efn Six Flags America Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn May 2000 Operating [40]
Millennium ForceTemplate:Efn Cedar Point Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert May 2000 Operating [41]
Son of Beast Kings Island Template:Country data United States Roller Coaster Corporation of America Template:Convert May 2000 Removed [42]
Steel Dragon 2000Template:Efn Nagashima Spa Land Template:Country data Japan D. H. Morgan Manufacturing Template:Convert August 2000 Operating [43]
Nitro Six Flags Great Adventure Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert April 2001 Operating [44]
Titan Six Flags Over Texas Template:Country data United States Giovanola Template:Convert April 2001 Operating [45]
Phantom's RevengeTemplate:Efn Kennywood Template:Country data United States D. H. Morgan Manufacturing/Arrow Dynamics Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn May 2001 Operating [46]
X2Template:Efn Six Flags Magic Mountain Template:Country data United States Arrow Dynamics Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn January 2002 Operating [47]
Silver Star Europa-Park Template:Country data Germany Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert March 2002 Operating [48]
Xcelerator Knott's Berry Farm Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert June 2002 Operating [49]
Thunder Dolphin Tokyo Dome City Attractions Template:Country data Japan Intamin Template:Convert May 2003 Operating [50]
Top Thrill 2Template:Efn Cedar Point Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert May 2003 Operating [51]
Superman el Último Escape Six Flags México Template:Country data Mexico Chance Morgan Template:Convert November 2004 Operating [52]
SheiKra Busch Gardens Tampa Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert May 2005 Operating [53]
Kingda KaTemplate:Efn Six Flags Great Adventure Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert May 2005 Removed [54]
Stealth Thorpe Park Template:Country data United Kingdom Intamin Template:Convert March 2006 Operating [55]
Goliath Six Flags Over Georgia Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert April 2006 Operating [56]
Zaturn Space World Template:Country data Japan Intamin Template:Convert April 2006 Removed [57]
Eejanaika Fuji-Q Highland Template:Country data Japan S&S Worldwide Template:Convert July 2006 Operating [58]
Griffon Busch Gardens Williamsburg Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert May 2007 Operating [59]
Behemoth Canada's Wonderland Template:Country data Canada Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert May 2008 Operating [60]
Diamondback Kings Island Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert April 2009 Operating [61]
Diving Coaster Happy Valley Shanghai Template:Country data China Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert August 2009 Operating [62]
Thunder Striker Carowinds Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert March 2010 Operating [63]
PantherianTemplate:Efn Kings Dominion Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert April 2010 Operating [64]
Wild Eagle Dollywood Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert March 2012 Operating [65]
LeviathanTemplate:Efn Canada's Wonderland Template:Country data Canada Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert April 2012 Operating [66]
Dinoconda China Dinosaurs Park Template:Country data China S&S Worldwide Template:Convert April 2012 Operating [67]
Shambhala PortAventura Park Template:Country data Spain Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert May 2012 Operating [68]
Skyrush Hersheypark Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert May 2012 Operating [69]
Bullet CoasterTemplate:Efn Happy Valley Shenzhen Template:Country data China S&S Worldwide Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn July 2012 SBNO [70]
OCT Thrust SSC1000Template:Efn Happy Valley Wuhan Template:Country data China S&S Worldwide Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn March 2014 SBNO [71]
Fury 325Template:Efn Carowinds Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert March 2015 Operating [72]
The Oath of Kärnan Hansa Park Template:Country data Germany Gerstlauer Template:Convert July 2015 Operating [73]
Cannibal Lagoon Amusement Park Template:Country data United States Lagoon Amusement Park Template:Convert July 2015 Operating [74]
Flash Lewa Adventure Template:Country data China Mack Rides Template:Convert January 2016 Operating [75]
Flying Aces Ferrari World Abu Dhabi Template:Country data United Arab Emirates Intamin Template:Convert February 2016 Operating [76]
Valravn Cedar Point Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert May 2016 Operating [77]
Coaster Through the Clouds Nanchang Wanda Park Template:Country data China Intamin Template:Convert May 2016 Operating [78]
Mako SeaWorld Orlando Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert June 2016 Operating [79]
Red ForceTemplate:Efn Ferrari Land Template:Country data Spain Intamin Template:Convert April 2017 Operating [80]
DC Rivals HyperCoaster Warner Brothers Movie World Template:Country data Australia Mack Rides Template:Convert September 2017 Operating [81]
Steel Vengeance Cedar Point Template:Country data United States Rocky Mountain Construction Template:Convert May 2018 Operating [82]
Draken Gyeongju World Template:Country data South Korea Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Convert May 2018 Operating [83]
Hyperion Energylandia Template:Country data Poland Intamin Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn July 2018 Operating [84]
Hyper Coaster Land Of Legends Park Template:Country data Turkey Mack Rides Template:Convert 2018 Operating [85]
Yukon Striker Canada's Wonderland Template:Country data Canada Bolliger & Mabillard Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn May 2019 Operating [86]
Steel Curtain Kennywood Template:Country data United States S&S Sansei Template:Convert July 2019 SBNO [87]
Zadra Energylandia Template:Country data Poland Rocky Mountain Construction Template:Convert August 2019 Operating [88]
OrionTemplate:Efn Kings Island Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard Template:ConvertTemplate:Refn July 2020 Operating [89]
Candymonium Hersheypark Template:Country data United States Bolliger & Mabillard 210 ft (64 m) July 2020 Operating [90]
Iron Gwazi Busch Gardens Tampa Template:Country data United States Rocky Mountain Construction Template:Convert March 2022 Operating [91]
Beyond the Cloud Suzhou Amusement Land Forest World Template:Country data China Mack Rides Template:Convert July 2022 Operating [92]
Hyperia Thorpe Park Template:Country data United Kingdom Mack Rides Template:Convert May 2024 Operating [93]
Falcons FlightTemplate:Efn Six Flags Qiddiya Template:Country data Saudi Arabia Intamin Template:Convert TBD Template:Maybe [94]
Iron Rattler Six Flags Qiddiya Template:Country data Saudi Arabia Vekoma Template:Convert TBD Template:Maybe [95]
Spitfire Six Flags Qiddiya Template:Country data Saudi Arabia Intamin Template:Convert TBD Template:Maybe [96]

Shuttle

Name Park Country Manufacturer Height Opened Status Ref
Moonsault Scramble Fuji-Q Highland Template:Country data Japan Meisho Amusement Machines Template:Convert June 1983 Removed [97]
Tower of Terror IITemplate:Efn Dreamworld Template:Country data Australia Intamin Template:Convert January 1997 Removed [98]
Superman: Escape from KryptonTemplate:Efn Six Flags Magic Mountain Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert March 1997 SBNO [99]
Batman & Robin: The Chiller Six Flags Great Adventure Template:Country data United States Premier Rides Template:Convert June 1997 Removed [100]
Mr. Freeze Six Flags Over Texas Template:Country data United States Premier Rides Template:Convert March 1998 Operating [101]
Mr. Freeze Reverse Blast Six Flags St. Louis Template:Country data United States Premier Rides Template:Convert April 1998 Operating [102]
Speed – The Ride NASCAR Café Template:Country data United States Premier Rides Template:Convert April 2000 Removed [103]
Wicked Twister Cedar Point Template:Country data United States Intamin Template:Convert May 2002 Removed [104]
Big Air E-DA Theme Park Template:Country data Taiwan Vekoma Template:Convert December 2010 Operating [105]
Turbo Track Ferrari World Abu Dhabi Template:Country data United Arab Emirates Intamin Template:Convert March 2017 Operating [106]
Legendary Twin Dragon / Script error: No such module "Lang". Chongqing Sunac Land Template:Country data China Intamin Template:Convert February 2021 Operating [107]

Template:Notelist

Gallery

B&M

Other manufacturers

Notes

Template:Reflist

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Bolliger & Mabillard Template:Intamin Template:Rollercoaster tracks

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  28. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  29. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  30. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  31. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  32. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  33. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  34. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  35. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  36. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  37. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  38. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  39. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  40. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  41. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  42. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  43. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  44. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  45. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  46. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  47. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  48. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  49. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  50. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  51. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  52. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  53. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  54. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  55. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  56. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  57. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  58. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  59. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  60. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  61. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  62. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  63. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  64. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  65. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  66. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  67. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  68. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  69. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  70. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  71. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  72. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  73. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  74. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  75. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  76. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  77. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  78. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  79. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  80. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  81. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  82. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  83. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  84. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  85. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  86. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  87. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  88. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  89. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  90. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  91. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  92. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  93. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  94. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  95. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  96. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  97. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  98. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  99. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  100. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  101. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  102. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  103. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  104. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  105. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  106. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  107. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  108. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
  109. ↑ Template:Cite RCDB
Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Hypercoaster&oldid=1570172"