Hydroiodic acid
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| Template:Longitem | HI(aq) |
| Molar mass | Template:Chem molar mass |
| Appearance | colorless liquid when pure, darkens on exposure to oxygen |
| Odor | acrid |
| Density | 1.70 g/mL, azeotrope (57% HI by weight) |
| Boiling point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Acidity (pKa) | −9.3 (HI)[1] |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | Template:NFPA 704 diamond |
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| Template:Longitem | Template:Ubl |
| Template:Longitem | Hydrogen iodide |
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Hydroiodic acid (or hydriodic acid) is a colorless liquid. It is an aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide with the chemical formula Template:Chem2. It is a strong acid, in which hydrogen iodide is ionized completely in an aqueous solution. Concentrated aqueous solutions of hydrogen iodide are usually 48% to 57% HI by mass.[2]
Preparation
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Reactions
Hydroiodic acid reacts with oxygen in air to give iodine:
Like hydrogen halides, hydroiodic acid adds to alkenes to give alkyl iodides. It can also be used as a reducing agent, for example in the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to anilines.[3]
Cativa process
The Cativa process is a major end use of hydroiodic acid, which serves as a co-catalyst for the production of acetic acid by the carbonylation of methanol.[4][5]
Illicit uses
Hydroiodic acid is listed as a U.S. Federal DEA List I Chemical, owing to its use as a reducing agent related to the production of methamphetamine from ephedrine or pseudoephedrine (recovered from nasal decongestant pills).[6]
References
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External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 1326
- European Chemicals Bureau
- Viscosities of Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid Solutions, and Densities and Viscosities of Aqueous Hydroiodic Acid Solutions
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