Houston County, Texas

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Houston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 22,066.[1] Its county seat is Crockett.[2] Houston County was one of 46 entirely dry counties in the state of Texas, until voters in a November 2007 special election legalized the sale of alcohol in the county.

Houston County was the first new county created under the nine-year Republic of Texas on June 12, 1837. The original boundaries of Houston County also included all of present-day Anderson and Trinity Counties, and portions of present-day Henderson and Polk Counties.

The county is named for Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas and Governor of Texas.[3] Other than being named for the same person, Houston County is not related to Texas' most populous city, Houston, which is located about Script error: No such module "convert". to the south, in Harris County.

History

File:Houston County (TX) Museum IMG 1010.JPG
The Houston County Museum is located in a restored railroad depot south of Crockett.

The Four C Mill operated in Houston County during the first two decades of the 20th century. R. M. Keith, agent of the Central Coal and Coke Company in Kansas City, Missouri, began buying virgin timber in the fall of 1899. Lumber to construct the new mill was cut by a small sawmill purchased in early 1901 from J. H. Ratcliff. Keith organized the Louisiana and Texas Lumber Company to operate the Four C. The mill was producing 300,000 board feet of lumber daily by June 1902. Ratcliff Lake, now a United States Department of Interior recreational site, was the millpond for the Four C. The Texas Southeastern Railroad laid track from Lufkin to haul out the lumber. The town of Ratcliff was separated from the Four C by a fence, built to discourage the mill workers from spending their money outside the company town. The 120,000 acres were in time exhausted, and by 1920, the mill shut down.[4]

Geography

File:Another view of Ratcliff Lake, Ratcliff, TX IMG 0983.JPG
Ratcliff Lake Recreation Area is located in the Davy Crockett National Forest in Houston County east of Crockett.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". are land and Script error: No such module "convert". (0.5%) are covered by water.[5]

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
18502,721—
18608,058Script error: No such module "String".%
18708,147Script error: No such module "String".%
188016,702Script error: No such module "String".%
189019,360Script error: No such module "String".%
190025,452Script error: No such module "String".%
191029,564Script error: No such module "String".%
192028,601Script error: No such module "String".%
193030,017Script error: No such module "String".%
194031,137Script error: No such module "String".%
195022,825Script error: No such module "String".%
196019,276Script error: No such module "String".%
197017,855Script error: No such module "String".%
198022,299Script error: No such module "String".%
199021,375Script error: No such module "String".%
200023,185Script error: No such module "String".%
201023,732Script error: No such module "String".%
202022,066Script error: No such module "String".%
2025 (est.)22,316[6] IncreaseScript error: No such module "String".%

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Racial and ethnic composition

Houston County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[7] Pop 1990[8] Pop 2000[9] Pop 2010[10] Pop 2020[11] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 14,277 14,042 14,775 14,811 12,957 64.03% 65.69% 63.73% 62.41% 58.72%
Black or African American alone (NH) 7,151 6,272 6,442 6,129 5,163 32.07% 29.34% 27.79% 25.83% 23.40%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 36 26 51 75 94 0.16% 0.12% 0.22% 0.32% 0.43%
Asian alone (NH) 24 47 53 95 138 0.11% 0.22% 0.23% 0.40% 0.63%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [12] x [13] 4 1 8 x x 0.02% 0.00% 0.04%
Other race alone (NH) 2 23 2 25 58 0.01% 0.11% 0.01% 0.11% 0.26%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [14] x [15] 119 232 577 x x 0.51% 0.98% 2.61%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 809 965 1,739 2,364 3,071 3.63% 4.51% 7.50% 9.96% 13.92%
Total 22,299 21,375 23,185 23,732 22,066 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 22,066. The median age was 45.2 years. 18.9% of residents were under the age of 18 and 22.1% of residents were 65 years of age or older.[16]

For every 100 females there were 117.7 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 120.8 males age 18 and over.[16]

The racial makeup of the county was 60.9% White, 23.5% Black or African American, 0.6% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.6% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 8.8% from some other race, and 5.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 13.9% of the population.[17]

26.9% of residents lived in urban areas, while 73.1% lived in rural areas.[18]

There were 8,132 households in the county, of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 47.0% were married-couple households, 19.2% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 29.6% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 29.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[16]

There were 10,758 housing units, of which 24.4% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 72.4% were owner-occupied and 27.6% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.7% and the rental vacancy rate was 9.9%.[16]

2000 census

As of the 2000 census,[19] 23,185 people, 8,259 households, and 5,756 families were residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".; it had the second-lowest population density for all counties in Deep East Texas, behind only Newton County. The 10,730 housing units averaged Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 68.57% White, 27.93% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 2.23% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. About 7.50% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race.

Of the 8,259 households, 28.7% had children under 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.3% were not families. About 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.44, and the average family size was 2.97.[19]

In the county, the age distribution was 23.2% under 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 27.70% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 or older. The median age was 40.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 114.1 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 115.9 males.[19]

The median income for a household in the county was $28,119, and for a family was $35,033. Males had a median income of $29,143 versus $19,885 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,525. About 15.6% of families and 21.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.3% of those under 18 and 18.2% of those 65 or over.[19]

Government and infrastructure

File:Revised Austonio Baptist Church, Houston County, TX IMG 3296.JPG
Austonio Baptist Church off Texas State Highway 21 in Houston County

Eastham Unit, a Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison for men, is located in an unincorporated area in the county.[20]

The Crockett State School, a Texas Youth Commission juvenile correctional facility for boys, was located in Crockett.[21] but was closed on August 31, 2011.[22]

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Transportation

Major highways

Houston County is served by US Highway 287 and State Highways 7, 19, and 21. All of these highways intersect at the Courthouse Square in downtown Crockett. SH 21 follows the 300-year-old route of Old San Antonio Road. Texas State Highway Loop 304 circles the city of Crockett.

Rail

Freight rail service is provided by Union Pacific Railroad. The Crockett Depot, built in 1909, has been restored and now serves as the Houston County Museum.

Air

Houston County Airport (KDKR), located 3 miles east of Crockett on SH 7, features a 4,000-foot runway. On-site aircraft services are provided by East Texas Aircraft.

Public transportation

Demand and response public transportation within Houston County is provided by Brazos Transit District.

Communities

Cities

Unincorporated communities

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Ghost towns

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Education

Five school districts are located entirely in the county:

In addition, small portions of Groveton Independent School District and Elkhart Independent School District, located in Trinity County and Anderson County, respectively, extend into Houston County.

The county is in the district for Angelina College.[23]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Texas Historical Commission, Historic Marker, Houston County, Texas, east of Kennard, Texas
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  13. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  14. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  15. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  16. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ "Eastham Unit Script error: No such module "webarchive".." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on July 16, 2010.
  21. ↑ "Crockett State School Script error: No such module "webarchive".." Texas Youth Commission. Retrieved on August 8, 2010,
  22. ↑ "TYC Announces Closure of Three Facilities Script error: No such module "webarchive".." Texas Youth Commission. Retrieved on July 3, 2011.
  23. ↑ Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.165. ANGELINA COUNTY JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA..

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External links

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Bromberg_Mendel.htm in Aldrich, Armistead Albert, History of Houston County, Texas, Together with Biographical Sketches of Many Pioneers and Later Citizens of Said County, Who Have Made Notable Contributions to its Development and Progress, San Antonio: The Naylor Company, 1943.

Template:Geographic location

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