Henry Dillon, 13th Viscount Dillon

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Henry Augustus Dillon-Lee, 13th Viscount Dillon (1777–1832), was an Irish politician, soldier and writer. Despite being a Protestant, he supported Catholic emancipation in Ireland and wrote on the topic. He sat as MP for Harwich in England in the last parliament of Great Britain and the first parliament of the United Kingdom. In the second parliament of the United Kingdom he sat for County Mayo in Ireland. Through his daughter Henrietta, he was ancestor to Clementine Hozier (the wife of Winston Churchill) and to the Mitford sisters.

He was the colonel of a regiment and wrote on military subjects. He wrote fiction publishing two historical novels.

Birth and origins

Family tree
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Henry Augustus was born on 28 October 1777 at Brussels, then the capital of the Austrian Netherlands. He was the eldest son of Charles Dillon-Lee and his first wife Henrietta Maria Phipps.Template:Sfn His father was the 12th Viscount Dillon, who had in 1767 conformed to the established religion.Template:Sfn

Henry Augustus's mother was the daughter of Constantine John Phipps, 1st Baron Mulgrave. Her family was Anglo-Irish. Thus both parents were Protestants and part of the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. They had married in 1776 at Brussels.Template:Sfn Henry Augustus had one sister, Frances Charlotte.

Early life

Henry Augustus's mother died in 1782 when he was four.Template:Sfn In 1787 his father remarried to Marie Rogier of Mechelen,Template:Sfn who was an actress in Brussels and had been his mistress before he married Henry's mother.Template:Sfn Henry Augustus had three half-siblings, a brother and two sisters, who were born from his father's second marriage.

Henry Augustus was brought up by his uncle Constantine Phipps, 2nd Baron Mulgrave.Template:Sfn In 1794, when Dillon-Lee (i.e. Henry Augustus) was 17, he was made the colonel of a regiment in the newly created Catholic Irish Brigade, an unlikely employment for a Protestant, that was due to his family's military connection to the Irish Brigade. This Catholic Irish Brigade lasted four years, being dissolved in 1798. On 21 October 1795 Dillon-Lee immatriculated at Christ Church, Oxford.Template:Sfn

In 1799, aged 22, he contested and won a by-election caused by the death of Richard Hopkins MP for Harwich Borough, County Essex. This was during the 18th and last parliament of Great Britain, summoned in 1796 to meet at Westminster on 12 July 1796. It continued without a general election as the 1st Parliament of the United Kingdom, 1801–1802. He sat therefore until 29 June 1802 when parliament was dissolved.Template:Sfn

In the general election of 1802 he was elected for one of the two seats for County Mayo in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.

In 1805 he raised a new regiment in Ireland, called the Duke of York's Irish or the 101st Regiment of Foot. He owned the regiment and hired out its services to the British army under a letter of service.

File:The Rt. Honble. Henrietta, Viscountess Dillon (d. 1862), wife of Henry Augustus, 13th Viscount.jpg
Henrietta Browne, Viscountess Dillon

Marriage and children

In February 1807 at Castlemacgarrett, Dillon-Lee married Henrietta Browne, sister of Dominick, 1st Baron Oranmore and Browne, daughter of Dominick-Geoffrey Browne, by Margaret, daughter of George Browne, 4th son of the 1st Earl of Altamont. The marriage took place at Browne ancestral Castle MacGarrett near Claremorris, County Mayo, Ireland. The Brownes of Mayo were an Anglo-Irish, Protestant family.Template:Sfn Henrietta's niece was married to George A. Lawrence, author of Guy Livingstone.

Script error: No such module "anchor". Henry Augustus and Henrietta had ten children:

  1. Henrietta Maria (1807–1896), married Edward Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley, and campaigned for better education for girlsTemplate:Efn
  2. Charles Henry (1810–1865), born in Dublin, died at Ditchley, Oxford; succeeded his father as 14th ViscountTemplate:Sfn
  3. Theobald Dominick (1811–1879), the 15th Viscount Dillon, who died childless and was succeeded by his brotherTemplate:Sfn
  4. Arthur Edmund Denis (1812–1892), married Ellen Adderley and succeeded his brother as the 16th Viscount DillonTemplate:Sfn
  5. Constantine (1813–1853), who emigrated to New ZealandTemplate:Sfn
  6. Robert George Lee (1817–1822), who died youngTemplate:Sfn
  7. Margaret Frances Florence (1818–1885), who was a maid of honour to her majesty and married the geologist William HamiltonTemplate:Sfn
  8. Gerald Normanby (1823–1880), married Louisa FitzGibbon, daughter of Richard Hobart FitzGibbons, 3rd Earl of Clare, and changed his surname to hersTemplate:Sfn
  9. Louisa Anne Rose (1825–1902), married Spencer-Cecil Ponsonby of BessboroughTemplate:Sfn
  10. Helena Matilda (born 1827)Template:Sfn
Painted portrait of a clean-shaven man with fair curly hair wearing a dark coat and sitting on a red chair.
Henry Dillon-Lee, Viscount Dillon, by John Hoppner

Later life, death, and timeline

Dillon-Lee's regiment was ordered to Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, to where he also took his wife and where his eldest child was born in 1807.Template:Sfn

File:Ditchley House, Charlbury in Oxfordshire, England.png
Ditchley House, inherited from the Earl of Lichfield (Lee). (Later used in Downton Abbey as "Mallerton")

On 9 November 1813 his father died at Loughglinn House, County Roscommon, and was buried in the Dillon Vault at Ballyhaunis.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn Henry succeeded as the 13th Viscount Dillon, at the age of 36, he also inherited Ditchley House, inherited from the Earl of Lichfield (Lee family). Lord Dillon, as he now was, lived with his wife and children in Florence, Italy in the late 1810s and in London in the 1820s where he seems to have had an affair with the writer Eliza Rennie,Template:Sfn and where he wrote his two historical novels, Maltravers, published in 1822, and Rosaline de Vere, published in 1824.

File:Henry Augustus Dillon (How to break in my own horse).png
Breaking my own horse (H. A. Dillon) by James Gillray, 1803

Dillon died on 24 July 1832 in London and was buried in the All Saints Church at Spelsbury.Template:Sfn He was the first Dillon to be buried in Spelsbury. His widow died thirty years later at the Hotel Windsor, Paris, 18 March 1862, aged 73.

Timeline
Age Date Event
0 1777, 28 Oct Born in Brussels[1]
Script error: No such module "age". 1782, 1 Aug Mother died[2]
Script error: No such module "age". 1787 Father remarried to Marie Rogier[3]
Script error: No such module "age". 1799, 10 Apr Wins by-election for HarwichTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1807, Feb Married Henrietta Browne at Castle MacGarrett near Claremorris, County Mayo, Ireland[4]
Script error: No such module "age". 1813, 9 Nov Father died at Loughglinn, County Roscommon, Ireland, buried at Ballyhaunis[5]
Script error: No such module "age". 1820, 29 Jan Accession of King George IV, succeeding King George IIITemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1832, 24 Jul Died in London, buried in Spelsbury[6]

Works

Dillon's published works include:

  • Short View of the Catholic Question (London: J. Debrett, 1801), 32 pages
  • Letter to the Noblemen and Gentlemen who Composed the Deputation from the Catholics of Ireland on the Subject of their Mission (London: J. Budd, Crown and Mitre, 1805), online at Google Books, 56 pages
  • A Commentary on the Military Establishments and Defence of the British Empire (Dillon publisher: Printed by Cox, Son, and Baylis ... for E. Kerby, 1811)
  • The Tactics of Ælian: Comprising Military Systems of the Grecians (London: E. Kerby, 1814), online at Google Books
  • Discourse upon the Theory of Legitimate Government (Florence, 1817), online at Google Books, 89 pages
  • The Life and Opinions of Sir Richard Maltravers: an English Gentleman of the Seventeenth Century, Volume 1 (London: G. and W.B. Whittaker, 1822), online at Google Books Corvey CME 3-628-48097-3; ECB 345; EN2 1822: 29; NSTC 2D13576; OCLC 35663915.
  • The life and opinions of Sir Richard Maltravers: an English gentleman of the seventeenth century, Volume 2 (London: G. and W.B. Whittaker, 1822), online at Google Books
  • Rosaline de Vere, Volume 1 (London: Treuttel and Würtz, Treuttel junior and Richter, 1824), online at Internet Archive Corvey CME 3-628-48547-9; ECB 502; EN2 1824: 29; NSTC 2D13577; OCLC 12423730.
  • Rosaline de Vere, Volume 2 (London: Treuttel and Würtz, Treuttel junior and Richter, 1824), online at Internet Archive

Also: various works of jurisprudence.

Notes and references

Notes

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Citations

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Sources

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External links

Template:Error
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Member of Parliament for Harwich
1799–1801
With: John Robinson Template:S-ttl/check 		Parliament of the United Kingdom
Template:Error

Template:S-break

Parliament of Great Britain Member of Parliament for Harwich
1801–1802
With: John Robinson Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Member of Parliament for Mayo
1802–1814
With: Denis Browne Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Peerage of Ireland
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Viscount Dillon
1813–1832 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by

Template:Authority control

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