Helsinki metropolitan area
Template:Short description Template:Main otherScript error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for clobbered parameters".Template:Main other
Helsinki metropolitan area (Template:Langx, Template:Langx) or Greater Helsinki (Template:Langx, Template:Langx) is the metropolitan area around Helsinki, the capital city of Finland. It also includes the smaller capital region. The terms Helsinki metropolitan area, Greater Helsinki, Capital region and the other terms used are not fixed and may vary in different contexts.
The metropolitan region is the largest urbanised area in the country with a population of approximately Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". million (Error: Invalid time.)Template:Data Finland municipality and is by far the most important economic, cultural, and scientific region of Finland. Five of Finland's 14 universities,[note 1] and six universities of applied sciences are located in the metropolitan area, as are most of the headquarters of major companies and government institutions. Finland's main airline hub and airport, Helsinki Airport, is located in the city of Vantaa.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
These regions are located in the south of Finland, on the coast of the Gulf of Finland, which is a part of the Baltic Sea. They are also a part of the region of Uusimaa in Finland.
Terminology
Capital Region
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". In the strictest sense, the Finnish capital region consists of four municipalities with city title, Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo and Kauniainen. It has a population of about Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". million. This area is most often called the Capital region in English, Pääkaupunkiseutu in Finnish, and Huvudstadsregionen in Swedish, although the use of the terms is not especially consistent. The vast majority of the inhabitants live in the urban areas of the cities, but within the boundaries of these cities there are also suburban and rural areas.
Helsinki metropolitan area
The Helsinki metropolitan area includes around ten additional municipalities that can be considered commuter towns and exurbs of Helsinki. These municipalities are Hyvinkää, Järvenpää, Kerava, Kirkkonummi, Nurmijärvi, Sipoo, Tuusula, Mäntsälä, Pornainen and Vihti, bringing the total population to about Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". million. All of the municipalities belong to the region of Uusimaa. Of these, Järvenpää, Kerava, Tuusula, Nurmijärvi, Sipoo, Kirkkonummi, Mäntsälä and Vihti have parts of the urban area within them. Additionally, the cities of Porvoo, Lohja, Karkkila and to some extent Riihimäki, which have very close ties, motorway and, in the case of Riihimäki, commuter train accesses, and are fairly close to the capital, are nowadays often included in regional planning, which raises the total population to about Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". million.
Helsinki sub-region
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Helsinki metropolitan area differs from the Helsinki sub-region (Template:Langx), which also includes the municipalities of Karkkila, Lohja and Siuntio. The Helsinki sub-region is used for statistical purposes. It is based on cooperation between municipalities and the commuting area. The sub-region has a population of about Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". million.
Helsinki Region Cooperation Assembly
The Helsinki Region Cooperation Assembly is a cooperative body of the municipalities of the Helsinki Region, whose members are the leading elected representatives of the municipalities. Seventeen municipalities participate in cooperation in the Helsinki Region:[7]
- Cities in the Helsinki Capital Area:[note 2] Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen.
- The "KUUMA municipalities": Järvenpää, Nurmijärvi, Tuusula, Kerava, Mäntsälä, Pornainen, Hyvinkää, Kirkkonummi, Vihti and Sipoo.
- Partnership municipalities: Porvoo, Lohja and Siuntio.
The common goal of the participating municipalities is to develop cooperation and advocacy. The cooperation is based on the common vision of the municipalities in the Helsinki region regarding the challenges facing the region and the common will to contribute to the development of the region.[7]
Other definitions
As a part of the urban audit project, Eurostat has attempted to standardise the concept of a 'metropolitan area'. According to this study the Metropolitan area of Helsinki consists of the kernel of Helsinki: Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa, and Kauniainen. The Helsinki Larger Urban Area (Helsingin seutu in Finnish) consists of 12 cities and municipalities: the kernel of Helsinki and the aforementioned eight municipalities.[8]
Statistics Finland define the commuter belt of Helsinki (Helsingin työssäkäyntialue, Helsingfors pendlingsområde) to include a total of 27 municipalities and a population of Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". million.[9][10] In addition to that, there are people from as far as Lahti and even Tampere commuting to Helsinki daily.
Statistics Finland also defines the Helsinki urban area according to the official Finnish definition of an urban area (Script error: No such module "Lang". in Finnish). Urban areas in Finland are defined as inhabited areas of at least 200 people with a maximum distance of Template:Convert between buildings.[11][12] The Helsinki urban area is the largest of its kind in Finland, and encompasses land throughout metropolitan area, with notable gaps around forests and other less-densely populated areas.
The commuter towns of Lohja and Porvoo are not usually included to the Helsinki metropolitan area, though, if they were (considering their proximity to Helsinki and their high commuting rate), they would raise the overall population almost two million people. Hyvinkää, Järvenpää, Nurmijärvi, Tuusula, Mäntsälä and Pornainen, which have been designated as municipalities in Central Uusimaa in recent decades, have shown clear population growth due to their urban but also loose rural environment. These are also known as the "KUUMA municipalities".[13]
Municipalities
| Coat of arms |
Municipality | Population | Land area (km2) |
Density (/km2) |
Finnish speakers |
Swedish speakers |
Other speakers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coat of arms of Espoo | Espoo | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Helsinki | Helsinki | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Hyvinkää | Hyvinkää | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Järvenpää | Järvenpää | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Kauniainen | Kauniainen | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Kerava | Kerava | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Kirkkonummi | Kirkkonummi | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Mäntsälä | Mäntsälä | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Nurmijärvi | Nurmijärvi | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Pornainen | Pornainen | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Sipoo | Sipoo | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Tuusula | Tuusula | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Vantaa | Vantaa | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Coat of arms of Vihti | Vihti | Template:Data Finland municipality | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
| Total | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % | Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". % |
Economy
In 2020, Helsinki's gross metropolitan product was valued at €94.2 billion (US$100 billion). This puts Helsinki in 23rd place among metropolitan regions in the European Union.[14]
See also
- Helsinki Metropolitan Area Libraries
- Turku metropolitan area
- Tampere metropolitan area
- List of metropolitan areas in Europe
- List of urban areas in the Nordic countries
- List of urban areas in the European Union
Notes
References
External links
Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "note", but no corresponding <references group="note"/> tag was found
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/dsis/urbstat/library?l=/urban_audit_reports/urban_audit_2006/final_reportpdf_18/_EN_1.0_&a=dTemplate:Dead link
- ↑ Statistics Finland; The correspondence table between municipalities and travel-to-work areas in 2023
- ↑ National Land Survey of Finland; pdf-file 'Pinta-alatilasto', downloadable from page. Template:Webarchive Areas of municipalities in Finland. Accessed on 2008-09-08.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Facta (encyclopedia) part 16, page 203, finnish
- ↑ Kuuma.fi
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".