Hawthorne, California

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Hawthorne, CA)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator.

Hawthorne is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California. It is part of a seventeen-city subregion of the Los Angeles metropolitan area commonly known as the South Bay. As of the 2020 US census, Hawthorne had a population of 88,083.[1]

Hawthorne is widely known as the home of The Beach Boys.

History

File:Antonio Ygnacio Ávila (Rancho Sausal Redondo) (cropped).jpg
Hawthorne was originally part of Rancho Sausal Redondo, granted in 1837 to Antonio Ygnacio Ávila, of the prominent Ávila family of California.

Hawthorne was once part of the Rancho Sausal Redondo (Round Willow-grove Ranch) of the Script error: No such module "convert". Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California given in 1837 to Antonio Ygnacio Ávila by Juan Alvarado the Mexican Governments Governor of Alta California.[2] Rancho Sausal Redondo covered the area that now includes Playa Del Rey, El Segundo, Manhattan Beach, Lawndale, Hermosa Beach, Inglewood, Hawthorne, and Redondo Beach.[3][4]

Hawthorne was founded in 1905 as the "Hawthorne Improvement Company" by real estate developers B.L. Harding and H.D. Lombard. Harding's daughter shared her birthday—July 4, American Independence Day—with New England author Nathaniel Hawthorne, and a decision was made to name the small village after him.[5]

Hawthorne was once a "whites only" settlement, commonly called a sundown town.[6] During the 1930s, signs warned African-Americans to be out of Hawthorne by sundown.[7]

Geography

To the north of Hawthorne is the unincorporated community of Lennox and the city of Inglewood. To the east is the unincorporated community of Athens and the city of Gardena. To the south is the unincorporated community of El Camino Village, and the cities of Lawndale and Redondo Beach. Manhattan Beach is at the southwest corner of Hawthorne. To the west is the city of El Segundo, and the Los Angeles neighborhood of Westchester is to the northwest of Hawthorne. Hawthorne surrounds the unincorporated community of Del Aire on three sides. It also shares a small border on the northeast along Imperial Highway with the unincorporated community of Westmont.

The Century Freeway (Glenn Anderson Freeway, I-105) runs along the northern boundary of Hawthorne, with the C Line light rail line running down the center of the Century Freeway. The San Diego Freeway (I-405) runs along the western boundary of Hawthorne. Major east–west streets in Hawthorne include Rosecrans Avenue, El Segundo Boulevard, and Imperial Highway. Major north–south streets include Aviation Boulevard, Inglewood Avenue, Hawthorne Boulevard, Prairie Avenue, Crenshaw Boulevard, and Van Ness Avenue.

Hawthorne is five miles (8 km) from the Los Angeles International Airport.[8]

Hawthorne comprises ZIP codes 90250 and 90251. It is in the 310 area code, except for a small portion of northeastern Hawthorne, which is located in the 323 area code.

Climate

Hawthorne, California
Climate chart (explanation)
Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header
 
 
3
 
 
68
46
 
 
3
 
 
68
48
 
 
2.4
 
 
69
50
 
 
0.6
 
 
73
53
 
 
0.2
 
 
74
58
 
 
0.1
 
 
78
61
 
 
0
 
 
83
65
 
 
0.1
 
 
85
66
 
 
0.2
 
 
83
64
 
 
0.4
 
 
79
58
 
 
1.1
 
 
73
50
 
 
1.8
 
 
69
45
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: Weather.com / NWS
Metric conversion
Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header
 
 
75
 
 
20
8
 
 
76
 
 
20
9
 
 
62
 
 
21
10
 
 
15
 
 
23
12
 
 
5.8
 
 
23
14
 
 
2
 
 
26
16
 
 
0.5
 
 
28
18
 
 
2.5
 
 
29
19
 
 
6.1
 
 
28
18
 
 
10
 
 
26
14
 
 
28
 
 
23
10
 
 
45
 
 
21
7
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

Hawthorne, like the rest of the Los Angeles basin, has a Mediterranean climate:

  • On average, the warmest month is August.
  • The highest recorded temperature was Script error: No such module "convert". in 1961.
  • On average, the coolest month is January.
  • The lowest recorded temperature was Script error: No such module "convert". in 1963.
  • Most rainfall occurs during winter and spring.

Hawthorne has a Mediterranean climate or dry-summer subtropical (Köppen climate classification Csb on the coast, Csa inland), enjoying plenty of sunshine throughout the year, with an average of 263 sunshine days and only 35 days with measurable precipitation annually.[9]

Surrounding areas

  Lennox / Inglewood
  Los Angeles File:Up arrow left.svg File:Up-1.svg File:Up arrow right.svg Westmont
  Del Aire / El SegundoFile:Left.svg   File:Right.svg Gardena / West Athens
  Manhattan Beach / Redondo Beach File:Down arrow left.svg File:Down arrow.svg File:Down arrow right.svg Gardena
  Lawndale / Alondra Park

Demographics

<templatestyles src="US Census population/styles.css"/>

Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
19306,596—
19408,263Script error: No such module "String".%
195016,316Script error: No such module "String".%
196033,035Script error: No such module "String".%
197053,304Script error: No such module "String".%
198056,437Script error: No such module "String".%
199071,349Script error: No such module "String".%
200084,112Script error: No such module "String".%
201084,293Script error: No such module "String".%
202088,083Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
1860–1870[11][12] 1880-1890[13]
1900[14] 1910[15] 1920[16]
1930[17] 1940[18] 1950[19]
1960[20] 1970[21] 1980[22]
1990[23] 2000[24] 2010[25]
2020[26]

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Hawthorne first appeared as a city in the 1930 U.S. Census.[17]

Hawthorne, California – Racial and Ethnic Composition
<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[27] Pop 2010[28] Pop 2020[26] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 10,397 8,642 9,147 13.00% 10.25% 10.38%
Black or African American alone (NH) 27,208 22,579 20,763 32.35% 26.79% 23.57%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 199 172 128 0.24% 0.20% 0.15%
Asian alone (NH) 5,567 5,492 6,552 6.62% 6.52% 7.44%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) 685 919 683 0.81% 1.09% 0.78%
Other race alone (NH) 256 397 773 0.30% 0.47% 0.88%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 2,033 1,520 2,727 2.42% 1.80% 3.10%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 37,227 44,572 47,310 44.26% 52.88% 53.71%
Total 84,112 84,293 88,083 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2020

The 2020 United States census reported that Hawthorne had a population of 88,083. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of Hawthorne was 16.1% White, 24.2% African American, 2.0% Native American, 7.7% Asian, 0.8% Pacific Islander, 33.8% from other races, and 15.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 53.7% of the population.[29]

The census reported that 99.3% of the population lived in households, 0.2% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.5% were institutionalized.[29]

There were 30,541 households, out of which 37.6% included children under the age of 18, 36.8% were married-couple households, 8.3% were cohabiting couple households, 33.3% had a female householder with no partner present, and 21.7% had a male householder with no partner present. 24.9% of households were one person, and 6.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.86.[29] There were 20,718 families (67.8% of all households).[30]

The age distribution was 23.7% under the age of 18, 9.4% aged 18 to 24, 32.1% aged 25 to 44, 24.4% aged 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65Script error: No such module "String".years of age or older. The median age was 34.8Script error: No such module "String".years. For every 100 females, there were 93.4 males.[29]

There were 31,578 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which 30,541 (96.7%) were occupied. Of these, 27.4% were owner-occupied, and 72.6% were occupied by renters.[29]

In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that the median household income was $72,719, and the per capita income was $33,651. About 13.3% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the poverty line.[31]

2010

At the 2010 census Hawthorne had a population of 84,293. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of Hawthorne was 27,678 (32.8%) White (10.3% Non-Hispanic White),[1] 23,385 (27.7%) African American, 565 (0.7%) Native American, 5,642 (6.7%) Asian, 974 (1.2%) Pacific Islander, 22,127 (26.3%) from other races, and 3,922 (4.7%) from two or more races. There were 44,572 people of Hispanic or Latino origin, of any race (52.9%).[32]

The census reported that 83,754 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 208 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 331 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 28,486 households, 12,330 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 10,833 (38.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,369 (22.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,357 (8.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,309 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 191 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. Of the households, 7,125 (25.0%) were one person and 1,430 (5.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.94. There were 19,559 families (68.7% of households); the average family size was 3.54.

The age distribution was 23,157 people (27.5%) under the age of 18, 9,487 people (11.3%) aged 18 to 24, 27,035 people (32.1%) aged 25 to 44, 18,395 people (21.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,219 people (7.4%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 31.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males.

There were 29,869 housing units at an average density of 4,902.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 7,623 (26.8%) were owner-occupied and 20,863 (73.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 25,869 people (30.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 57,885 people (68.7%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Hawthorne had a median household income of $44,649, with 19.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[1]

According to Mapping L.A. in 2000, Mexican (27.1%) and Filipino (2.6%) were the most common ancestries in the city. Mexico (45.1%) and Guatemala (9.3%) were the most common foreign places of birth in the city.[33]

Homelessness

In 2022, Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority's Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count counted 173 homeless individuals in Hawthorne.[34]

<templatestyles src="Module:Historical populations/styles.css"/>Script error: No such module "Historical populations".

Economy

Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

File:Iridium-4 Mission (25557986177).jpg
SpaceX's former headquarters in Hawthorne before its move to SpaceX Starbase in Brownsville, Texas in 2024.

As of 2022 the city is known as a center for the space industry and hosts numerous space related private companies, industries and startups.[35] The relatively large number of aerospace engineers and technicians, history of established aerospace companies, and the presence of SpaceX has facilitated the development of space engineering industry cluster in the city.[35] According to the city's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[36] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 SpaceX 6,094
2 Amazon Fulfillment Center 1,500
3 Hawthorne School District 900
4 Wiseburn Unified School District 394
5 City of Hawthorne 360
6 Home Depot 340
7 OSI Systems 280
8 Expeditors 260
9 Teledyne Relays 253
10 Target 250
File:P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944.jpg
P-61s being built by Northrop Corp. during World War II in Hawthorne[37]

Besides the current top employers, the following businesses are currently located in Hawthorne:

Previously in Hawthorne:

  • Mattel (formerly), toy manufacturer; originally started in Hawthorne in 1945 and moved to their current facility in nearby El Segundo, California by 1991.[38]
  • Hawthorne Plaza, a regional shopping center, now closed
  • The Boring Company, infrastructure and tunnel construction services company.
  • Northrop Corporation, founded in 1939 and headquartered in Hawthorne, became a major manufacturer of aircraft during World War II, as well as a major subcontractor to other aircraft companies. Jack Northrop developed his famous flying wings, which ultimately led to the B-2 stealth bomber. Northrop also produced the P-61 Black Widow fighter in its Hawthorne plant, which was on the south side of Northrop Field (present-day Hawthorne Airport). The facility was, for some time, used as an aircraft plant, producing fuselage sections for Boeing 747s and 787s.[39] The building is currently used as the headquarters and main factory of SpaceX.[40]

Government

Municipal government

Hawthorne has an elected city council composed of a mayor elected every four years and four city council members elected on four year terms.

Current City Council Members[41]
OFFICE OFFICE HOLDER TERM ENDS
Mayor Alex Vargas December 2028
Mayor Pro Tem Angie Reyes-English December 2028
Councilmember Faye Johnson December 2028
Councilmember Alex Monteiro December 2026
Councilmember Katrina Manning December 2026
Elected Officials[42]
OFFICE OFFICE HOLDER TERM ENDS
City Treasurer Marie Poindexter-Hornback December 2026
City Clerk Dayna Williams-Hunter December 2026

According to the city's most recentScript error: No such module "Unsubst". "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report," its various funds had $126.1 million in revenues, $113.2 million in expenditures, $220.2 million in total assets, $152.7 million in total liabilities, and $29.6 million in cash and investments.[43] The city manager is Vontray Norris.[44]

State and federal representation

In the California State Legislature, Hawthorne is in Template:Representative, and in Template:Representative.[45]

In the United States House of Representatives, Hawthorne is in Template:Representative.[46]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Hawthorne is served by multiple school districts.[47] Schools that include portions of Hawthorne include:[48]

Centinela Valley Union High School District[47]
Hawthorne School District
Lawndale Elementary School District[47]
Lennox School District[47]
  • Elementary schools with boundaries coinciding include: Buford, Felton, Jefferson, Dolores Hutera and Moffett[51]
  • All district residents are zoned to Lennox Middle School (grades 6–8)
Wiseburn Unified School District[47]
  • Juan Cabrillo Elementary School (Kindergarten-2nd grade)
  • 138th St School (3rd-5th grade) (To Be Renamed)
  • Richard Henry Dana Middle School (6th-8th grade)
  • Da Vinci Schools (9th-12th grade)
Los Angeles Unified School District[47]

In addition Los Angeles County Office of Education operates Southwest Day (5th-12th grade).

Hawthorne Math and Science Academy is a charter high school in Hawthorne associated with the Hawthorne School District.[52]

Private schools

Colleges and universities

Los Angeles Community College District

Media

The Hawthorne Press Tribune is the community newspaper for the City of Hawthorne.[53]

Infrastructure

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Curtis Tucker Health Center in Inglewood, serving Hawthorne.[54]

The United States Postal Service Hawthorne Post Office is located at 12700 Inglewood Avenue.[55]

Notable people

See also

Script error: No such module "Portal".

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ a b c Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  2. ↑ Ogden Hoffman, 1862, Reports of Land Cases Determined in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, Numa Hubert, San Francisco
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, p. 94, Cypress, CA 2013. Template:ISBN.
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, pp. 93–106, Cypress, CA, 2013. Template:ISBN.
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ City of Hawthorne CAFR Template:Webarchive. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  44. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Template:Cite GovTrack
  47. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - This map overlays Hawthorne's city boundaries with the boundaries of various school districts.
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Compare this map to boundary maps issued by school districts.
  49. ↑ "School Site Locator" (Archive). Lawndale Elementary School District. Retrieved on January 2, 2017.
  50. ↑ "Elementary School & Middle School Boundaries as of September 2008." Lawndale Elementary School District. Retrieved on May 5, 2010.
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Hawthorne.k12.ca.us Template:Webarchive
  53. ↑ Hawthorne Press Tribune Template:Webarchive. Herald Publications. Retrieved on August 18, 2013.
  54. ↑ "Curtis Tucker Health Center Template:Webarchive." Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
  55. ↑ "Post Office Location – HAWTHORNE." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.
  56. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Jason Simmons News, Stats, Photos | Houston Texans Template:Webarchive. Sbnation.com. Retrieved on August 18, 2013.
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ MTV, Kurupt.
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  77. ↑ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, p. 93, Cypress, CA, 2013. Template:ISBN.
  78. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  79. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  80. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  81. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  82. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  83. ↑ Fox Sports. Msn.foxsports.com. Retrieved on August 18, 2013.
  84. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  85. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  86. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Further reading

External links

Template:Sister project

  • Script error: No such module "Official website".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Portal bar

Template:Geographic location Template:Hawthorne, California Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Greater Los Angeles Area Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Hawthorne,_California&oldid=4430790"