HMS Shark (54S)

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Shark on the surface
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HMS Shark was a second-batch S-class submarine built during the 1930s for the Royal Navy. Completed in 1934, the boat fought in the Second World War. Shark is one of twelve boats named in the song "Twelve Little S-Boats".

Design and description

The second batch of S-class submarines were designed as slightly improved and enlarged versions of the earlier boats of the class and were intended to operate in the North and Baltic Seas.[1] The submarines had a length of Script error: No such module "convert". overall, a beam of Script error: No such module "convert". and a mean draught of Script error: No such module "convert".. They displaced Script error: No such module "convert". on the surface and Script error: No such module "convert". submerged.[2] The S-class submarines had a crew of 40 officers and ratings. They had a diving depth of Script error: No such module "convert"..[3]

For surface running, the boats were powered by two Script error: No such module "convert". diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a Script error: No such module "convert". electric motor. They could reach Script error: No such module "convert". on the surface and Script error: No such module "convert". underwater.[4] On the surface, the second-batch boats had a range of Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert". and Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert". submerged.[3]

The S-class boats were armed with six Script error: No such module "convert". torpedo tubes in the bow. They carried six reload torpedoes for a total of a dozen torpedoes. They were also armed with a 3-inch (76 mm) deck gun.[2]

Construction and career

Ordered on 12 June 1933, Shark was laid down on 15 June 1933 at HM Dockyard, Chatham and was launched on 31 May 1934. The boat was completed on 31 December 1934.[5]

File:The Last of Hm Submarine Shark. June 1940, South-east of Stavanger, Norway. HMS Shark, Powerless To Dive Or Steer, Just Before She Was Sunk by Her Own Crew To Prevent Her Capture by the Germans. the Pictures We A30496.jpg
The last image of Shark, 6 July 1940, just before she was scuttled to prevent her capture by the Germans

The submarine was attacked by German aircraft while surfacing on patrol off the coast of Norway near Skudenes on 5 July 1940. While trying to fight off the aircraft, the submarine succeeded in shooting down a Dornier Do 17.[6] Due to the damage the submarine had suffered and likely further attack from the enemy aircraft overhead it was decided to surrender the submarine. The next day at about 04:00 the German minesweeping trawlers M-1803, M-1806 and M-1807 arrived at the scene and took the crew on board.[7] Shark was taken under tow but the crew had scuttled her prior to leaving. Amidst much cheering from the captured British sailors, the German trawler crews were forced to cut the hawsers before Shark sank and took the towing vessels with her. Shark sank stern first about Script error: No such module "convert". west-south-west of Egersund, Norway.

Crew

The boat's captain, Lieutenant Commander Peter Buckley, was involved in planning a number of escape attempts from his prisoner of war camp.[8]

ERA W. E. "Wally" Hammond made a number of escape attempts before being held in Oflag IV-C – Colditz. With ERA Don "Tubby" Lister (from the captured submarine Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".) he made a successful escape by campaigning for a transfer from Colditz, arguing that he was not an officer. He was transferred to Lamsdorf prison, escaped from a Breslau work party, and reached England via Switzerland in 1943.[9][10][11]

File:Submarines in Dry Dock by Eric Ravilious, 1940, (Tate N05722).jpg
Submarines in Dry Dock by Eric Ravilious, 1940

Citations

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  1. ↑ Harrison, Chapter 16
  2. ↑ a b Chesneau, p. 49
  3. ↑ a b McCartney, p. 6
  4. ↑ Bagnasco, p. 110
  5. ↑ Akermann, p. 334
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Reid, Patrick Robert (1953). The Latter Days at Colditz. London: Hodder and Stoughton
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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References

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External links

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