HMS Poictiers (1809)

Poictiers

HMS Poictiers was a 74-gun Royal Navy third rate. This ship of the line was launched on 9 December 1809 at Upnor. During the War of 1812 she was part of the blockade of the United States. She was broken up in 1857.

Figurehead

Originally recorded as part of the Chatham Dockyard collection in the Admiralty Catalogue of 1911, the carving - not considered the true Figurehead of the ship - spent time at HMS Ganges pre-1960s, before moving to Portsmouth in 1976.

In an article for The Mariner's Mirror in 1913, it was described as being 'cut level at the back, presumably for attachment to a flat surface'. Coupled with its small size, this indicates it was part of a larger Stern carving from the ship. It is believed it was removed from the vessel when it was sold for breaking up in 1857, along with the actual figurehead.

The figure is now part of the collection of the National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth.

Active service

On 28 July 1810 Poictiers shared with Seine and in the recapture of the Starling. On 22 April 1811, Poictiers, and the hired armed cutter Nimrod captured the French vessel Auguste. They removed her cargo of casks of wine and destroyed the ship.

On 24 March 1812, Poictiers was in company with , , and when they captured Emilie.

On 14 August Poictiers accompanied Admiral Sir John Borlase Warren, who was sailing to Halifax, Nova Scotia, on , together with , , and . Magnet disappeared during the voyage and was presumed foundered with all hands.

On 18 October 1812, Poictiers participated in an action where she rescued by capturing , commanded by Jacob Jones. Four hours after Wasp had captured Frolic, Captain Sir John Poer Beresford hove in sight and captured Wasp and recaptured Frolic. He then brought both to Bermuda. Frolic returned to duty and Wasp became HMS Loup Cervier. In November 1818 the proceeds of the sales of ordnance stores and head-money for the men captured on board Wasp, also for ordnance stores recaptured on board Frolic was paid.Template:Efn

Thereafter, Poictiers captured a number of merchant vessels, alone or with other ships.

• 29 October: the brig Little William, of the Isle of Mayo and sailing to Philadelphia;
• 3 November: the brig Logan, from Boston, sailing to Baltimore;
• 25 November: the ship Rebecca, from Philadelphia and sailing to Madeira;
• 11 December: schooner Betsy, from Providence (Rhode Island), sailing to Norfolk;
• December: ship Pekin, from Boston sailing to Alexandria (Poictiers in company with ).

One of these may or may not have been a ship from Brazil carrying a cargo of hides and tallow that had captured. Poictiers recaptured the ship off the Virginia Capes in mid-December and sent her into Bermuda.

On 28 December Poictiers and Acasta captured the American letter of marque Herald, of 18 guns (10 mounted), and 50 men, as Herald was sailing from Bordeaux to Baltimore. Herald, prior to herself being captured, had taken a ship, a brig, and a schooner. The cargo of the ship Friendship alone had an estimated value of US$400,000.Template:Sfnp Poictiers was in company with Acasta and .

More captures followed.

Poictiers took the American schooner , of five guns and 72 men, on 9 January 1813. She was on her return from the West Indies, where she had made several captures. Under the command of Captain Jeremiah Grant, Highflyer, of Baltimore, had captured two ships, four brigs, one schooner and one sloop; three of these vessels had been armed.Template:Sfnp The Royal Navy took Highflyer into service under her existing name.

In early January 1813, the warships of the squadron blockading New York, of which Poictiers was one, captured a number of vessels:

• Schooners Syren and Tropic, sailing from New York to Charleston;
• Sloop Almira, New York to Fredericksburg;
• Brig Industry, Rhode Island to Virginia; and,
• Brig Caroline, Charleston to New York.

The British armed Syren with one gun and gave her a crew of 40 men. She then captured American Eagle, Herlitz, master, which had been sailing from Cadiz to New York.

• 17 January 1813: ship Lydia, from Rhode Islands sailing to Norfolk (Poictiers in company with Acasta and Maidstone; and,
• January: schooner Rhoda (Poictiers and Acasta).
• 24 February: American brigs Gustavus and Staunch (Poictiers shared with six other British ships);
• 24 February: American brig Hannah (Poictiers with the same six other British ships).Template:Efn
• 13 March 1813: Swedish brig, from Martinique.
• 29 March 1813: American ship Montesquieu (Poictiers in company with and the actual captor, the schooner ).Template:Efn
• 17 April: Portuguese schooner Alliance, sailing from Philadelphia to Jamaica with a cargo of flour, and sent in to Bermuda;
• 28 April: English schooner Bermuda recaptured while sailing from Bermuda to Philadelphia, and used as a tender to Poictiers;
• 1 May: American sloop Providence sailing from Philadelphia to Boston with a cargo of flour and corn, and sent in to Bermuda; and
• 10 May: American sloop Factor sailing from Philadelphia to Boston with a cargo of cotton, cargo removed and vessel set adrift.

Poictiers was part of a squadron of 12 ships that shared in the capture on 13 and 14 March of Christina and Massatoit.

File:St. Nicholas (serial) (1873) (14598025817).jpg

Poictiers fired a few ineffectual shots. The position of the channel made it necessary for Yankee to pass close to Poictiers

On 4 (or 5) July 1813 the American smack Yankee captured the brig Eagle, which was serving as a tender to Poictiers. The Americans put 40 militiamen on board Yankee and sailed her where Eagle was known to be patrolling. The militiamen concealed themselves while on YankeeTemplate:'s deck there were three men dressed as fishermen, and a calf, a goose, and a sheep were tethered. When Yankee encountered Eagle, Eagle fell for the bait of fresh meat and came alongside. The Americans, under Sailing-Master Percival, came out of hiding and fired their small arms. Although Eagle carried a brass 32-pounder howitzer loaded with canister, she was unable to get off a shot. The Americans then took Eagle into New York. Eagle had two men killed, including her commander Master's Mate H. Morris, and Midshipman W. Price mortally wounded. The remaining eight seamen were taken prisoner.Template:SfnpTemplate:Efn

File:Irwin John Bevan - The 'Poictiers' Captures the 'Yorktown', 1813 QW306.jpg

Poictiers captures 'Yorktown', 1813, by Irwin John Bevan

Poictiers, with Poictiers and Maidstone in company, captured Yorktown, of 20 guns and 140 men, on 17 July. Yorktown, under Captain T. W. Story, had taken 11 prizes, including Manchester, before Maidstone captured Yorktown after a four-hour chase. The British sent Yorktown and her crew into Halifax, Nova Scotia.Template:EfnTemplate:Efn

Poictiers in company with Maidstone and captured several vessels.

• 13 August 1813: brig Anna, of 125 tons, Diego Martinez, master, sailing from Newhaven to Laguira.Template:Efn
• 18 August: ship .

Poictiers alone captured:

• 29 August: brig Mariner; and
• 3 September: brig Watson.

These incidents aside, Poictiers had an uneventful war, though there is a record of one humorous incident. The exhibit center of the town of Lewes, Delaware, has a framed copy of a handwritten letter from Captain Beresford to the town's chief magistrate. Dated 16 March 1813, the letter says:

Sir,

As soon as you receive this, I request you will send 20 live bullocks with a proportionate quantity of vegetables and hay to the Poictiers for the use of Britannic Majesty's squadron now at this anchorage, which will be immediately paid for at the Philadelphia prices. If you refuse to comply with this request I shall be under necessity of destroying your town. I have the honor to be, sir, your very obedient servant,

J. P. Beresford

Commodore and commander of the British Squadron in the Mouth of the Delaware.

Col. Samuel Boyer Davis, commander of American troops in Lewes, refused the demand, so on 6 and 7 April Beresford shelled the town, killing a chicken and wounding a pig. There is a cannonball from Poictiers lodged in the stone foundation of Lewes's Marine Museum.

In November 1813 Poictiers was at Halifax, Nova Scotia, preparing to escort a convoy of merchant vessels to England when a gale hit the city. It destroyed or damaged many vessels, though Poictiers was able to ride out the gale.

Poictiers was at Chatham in 1814.Template:Sfnp

Post war and Fate

Poictiers underwent a "Large Repair" at Chatham between April 1815 September 1817. She was fitted at Sheerness as a guard ship between March 1836 and September 1837. She remained in that role at Chatham until March 1848 when she became a depot ship until 1850. In 1857 she was sold out of service and broken up, the breaking up being completed on 23 March 1857.Template:Sfnp

Postscript

File:HMS Poictiers figurehead.jpg

HMS Poictiers figurehead, a sometime replacement of the original

Poictier's figurehead went to the small museum in Chatham Dockyard. In the 1920s, the figurehead was moved to Sheerness and placed on display inside the dockyard but towards the 1980s, the condition of the wood was such that the figure fell apart, leaving no single piece that could reasonably be salvaged for purposes of reconstruction.

The pieces were therefore used, in conjunction with archive photographs, to carve a replica. Andy Peters was commissioned to analyse samples of the paint and to carry out the carving. He then created a sculpture that provides a record of the figure's former glory, complete with gold leaf detailing. Since 2008, the replica has been on display for public viewing at the Blue Town Heritage Centre alongside the original figurehead from .