HMS Andrew (P423)
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HMS Andrew (P423/S23/S63), was an Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". of the Royal Navy, built by Vickers Armstrong and launched on 6 April 1946.
The submarine was fitted with a Script error: No such module "convert". deck gun in 1964 for service during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation to counter blockade-running junks.[1] The gun was fired for the last time in December 1974.[2] She was sold off in 1977 and was broken up.
Andrew was briefly the oldest Amphion-class submarine to remain in service, was the last British submarine with a deck gun, was the last British World War II-designed submarine in service, and was the first submarine to use a "snort" to cross the Atlantic (in May 1953).[3]
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Design
Like all Amphion-class submarines, Andrew had a displacement of Script error: No such module "convert". when at the surface and Script error: No such module "convert". while submerged. She had a total length of Script error: No such module "convert"., a beam of Script error: No such module "convert"., and a draught of Script error: No such module "convert".. The submarine was powered by two Admiralty ML eight-cylinder diesel engines generating a power of Script error: No such module "convert". each. She also contained four electric motors each producing Script error: No such module "convert". that drove two shafts.[4] She could carry a maximum of Script error: No such module "convert". of diesel, although she usually carried between Script error: No such module "convert"..[4]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Script error: No such module "convert". and a submerged speed of Script error: No such module "convert"..[5] When submerged, she could operate at Script error: No such module "convert". for Script error: No such module "convert". or at Script error: No such module "convert". for Script error: No such module "convert".. When surfaced, she was able to travel Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert". or Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert"..[4] She was fitted with ten Script error: No such module "convert". torpedo tubes, one QF 4 inch naval gun Mk XXIII, one Oerlikon 20 mm cannon, and a .303 British Vickers machine gun. Her torpedo tubes were fitted to the bow and stern, and she could carry twenty torpedoes. Her complement was sixty-one crew members.[4]
Service history
In September 1950 Andrew sailed to Canada for a three-month deployment training with the Royal Canadian Navy.[6] In February 1953, Andrew deployed to Bermuda for training with the Royal Canadian Navy cruiser Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., destroyer Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". and minesweeper Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"..[7] In June 1953, Andrew became the first submarine to cross the Atlantic submerged for the entire voyage, leaving Bermuda and arriving on 15 June in the English Channel. During the voyage a diesel engine was damaged and a periscope malfunctioned, however both were repaired while submerged. The submarine had been returning from its deployment with the Royal Canadian Navy.[8]
The submarine was used in Port Phillip Bay and tied up in Melbourne to portray the fictional United States Navy nuclear-powered submarine USS Sawfish in the 1959 Stanley Kramer film On the Beach.[9]
References
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- ↑ RN Subs - HMS Andrew (P423): http://rnsubs.co.uk/boats/subs/amphion-class/andrew.html
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Publications
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