Influenza A virus subtype H5N9
Template:Flu Template:Use mdy dates H5N9 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus (sometimes called bird flu virus). Wild aquatic birds are the primary host of the influenza A virus, which is enzootic (continually present) in many bird populations.[1][2]
Outbreaks
A highly pathogenic strain of H5N9 caused an outbreak in 1966 in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada in turkeys, resulting in the slaughter of approximately 8,000 birds.[3][4]
In 1999 an H5 influenza A virus was isolated from a mallard in the Netherlands.[5]
In 2008 An H5N9 virus was isolated from poultry in Aomori, Japan.[6]
In December 2015 an H5N9 virus infected a flock of 500 ducks raised for fatty liver production experienced a 5% mortality in Arrosès, France.[7]
In 2025 another highly pathogenic strain caused an outbreak in a duck farm in Merced County, California, forcing the culling of over 118,000 ducks. This strain may have arisen from recombination of H5N1 from the current 2020–2025 H5N1 outbreak and a subtype bearing N9.[8]
Sources
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