Alcobaça Formation

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The Alcobaça Formation, previously known as the Guimarota Formation and also known as the Consolação Unit,[1] is a geological formation in Portugal.[2] It dates back to the Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic. It is an important source of information on the diversity of Late Jurassic mammals.[3][4] Many of the fossils were collected from the now disused and flooded Camadas de Guimarota coal mine.

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaur eggs are geographically located in Lisbon District, Portugal.[5] Dinosaur tracks are geographically located in Leiria District, Portugal.[6]

Chondrichthyes

Chondrichthyes of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images
Hybodus[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated Teeth
Asteracanthus[7] A. biformatus Guimarota isolated teeth, fin-spine and a head-spine File:Asteracanthus image.jpg
Polyacrodus[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated teeth and a fin-spine
Orectolobiformes[7] Indeterminate Guimarota One isolated tooth
Batomorphi[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated teeth

Osteichthyes

Osteichthyes of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images
Macromesodon[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated teeth
Proscinetes[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated teeth and prearticulars File:Proscinetes.png
"Lepidotes"[7] Indeterminate Guimarota isolated lateral teeth, lower jaws, ganoid scales and isolated skull bones Two species of different size can be distinguished from the fossil material[7]
Ionoscopidae[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated teeth
Macrosemiidae[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated grasping tooth
Caturus?[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated Teeth and a partial skull
Pachycormidae[7] Indeterminate Guimarota

Amphibians

Albanerpetontids are one of the most numerous faunal components of the Guimarota mine with around 9000 isolated remains, including parts of the skull and limbs. Remains of indeterminate salamanders and frogs are also present but far rarer.[7]

Amphibians of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
cf. Celtedens[7] Indeterminate Porto Pinheiro Albanerpetontid
cf. Marmorerpeton[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Indeterminate salamander
Discoglossidae[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Indeterminate frog

Choristoderes

Choristoderes of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Cteniogenys Indeterminate Guimarota

Ornithischians

Indeterminate euornithopod remains located in Lisbon District.[5] Indeterminate stegosaurid remains present in Lisbon District.[5]

Ornithischians of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species District Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Dacentrurus[5] D. armatus[5] Lisboa[5]
File:Dacentrurus UDL.png
Eousdryosaurus[8] E. nanohallucis Lisboa[5]
Stegosaurus[9] S. cf. ungulatus "...one tooth, five cervical vertebrae (including the axis), five dorsal vertebrae, cervical and dorsal ribs, three caudal vertebrae, chevrons, preacetabular process of the left ilium, right tibia, fibula, astragalus and [calcaneus], a cervical plate, and several fragments of plates."
File:Stegosaurus ungulatus colored final.png
Trimucrodon[5] T. cuneatus[5] Lisboa[5] Later determined to be indeterminate ornithischian remains.[5]

Saurischians

Indeterminate sauropod remains located in Leiria and Lisboa.[10]

Saurischians of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species District Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Allosaurus[6] A. europaeus[11] Leiria[6] A partial skeleton (MNHNUL/AND.001) including parts of the skull.[12]
File:Allosaurus Revised.jpg
Aviatyrannis A. jurassica Guimarota
Lusotitan[5] L. atalaiensis[5] Lisboa[5]
File:Lusotitan.jpg
Ceratosaurus[5] Indeterminate[5] Lisboa[5]
File:Ceratosaurus nasicornis DB.jpg
Dinheirosaurus[5] D. lourinhanensis[5] Lisboa[5] "[Two] cervicals, [nine] dorsals, ribs, limb elements."[13]
File:Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis.jpg
Lourinhasaurus[5] L. alenquerensis[5] Lisboa[5]
Megalosaurus[5] M. insignis[5] Lisboa[5] Later determined to be indeterminate theropod remains.[5]

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images
aff. Rhamphorhynchus[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Isolated Fragments File:Rhamphorhynchus life restoration.png
Pterodactyloidea[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Teeth

Turtles

Turtles of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Peltochelys P. duchastelli Guimarota
Platychelys Indeterminate Guimarota
Pleurosternidae Indeterminate Guimarota

Lepidosauromorphs

Lepidosauromorphs of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Becklesius B. hoffstetteri Guimarota Paramacellodid lizard
Dorsetisaurus D. purbeckensis Guimarota Anguimorph lizard
Marmoretta[14] M. drescherae Guimarota Basal Lepidosauromorph
File:Marmoretta Life Reconstruction.png
Portugalophis P. lignites Guimarota Stem-snake
Saurillodon S. proraformis Guimarota A lizard
Saurillus S. henkeli, cf. obtusus Guimarota A lizard
cf. Opisthias[15] Indeterminate Andrés, Pombal A rhynchocephalian

Crocodyliformes

Crocodyliformes of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Goniopholis G. baryglyphaeus Guimarota A goniopholidid
File:Goniopholis BW.jpg
Knoetschkesuchus K. guimarotae Guimarota An atoposaurid
File:Knoetschkesuchus2.jpg
Lisboasaurus L. mitracostatus Guimarota
Machimosaurus M. hugii Guimarota A marine machimosaurid
File:Machimosaurus buffetDB11.jpg

Mammals

Mammals of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Bathmochoffatia B. hapax Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Bernardodon B. sp, B. atlanticus Porto Pinheiro A pinheirodontid multituberculate
Drescheratherium D. acutum Guimarota A paurodontid dryolestidan
Dryolestes D. leirensis Guimarota A dryolestid dryolestidan
Ecprepaulax E. anomala Porto Pinheiro A pinheirodontid multituberculate
Guimarotodon G. leiriensis Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Guimarotodus G. inflatus Guimarota A dryolestid dryolestidan
Haldanodon H. exspectatus Guimarota A docodont
Henkelodon H. naias, H. sp Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Henkelotherium H. guimarotae Guimarota A dryolestidan File:Henkeloth.jpg
Iberodon I. quadrituberculatus Porto Pinheiro A pinheirodontid multituberculate
Kielanodon K. hopsoni Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Krebsotherium K. lusitanicum Guimarota A dryolestid dryolestidan
Kuehneodon K. guimarotensis, K. dietrichi, K. simpsoni, K. uniradiculatus, K. sp Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Laolestes L. andresi Porto Pinheiro A dryolestid dryolestidan
Meketibolodon M. robustus Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Meketichoffatia M. krausei, M. sp Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Nanolestes N. krusati Porto Pinheiro A cladotherian
N. drescherae Guimarota
Paulchoffatia P. delgadoi Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Pinheirodon P. sp, P. vastus, P. pygmaeus Porto Pinheiro A pinheirodontid multituberculate
Plesiochoffatia P. thoas, P. peperethos Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Portopinheirodon P. asymmetricus Porto Pinheiro A dryolestid dryolestidan
Priacodon Indeterminate Porto Pinheiro A triconodontid
Proalbionbaatar P. plagiocyrtus Guimarota A multituberculate of uncertain placement
Pseudobolodon P. dryas, P krebsi, P. oreas Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Renatodon R. amalthea Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
? Tinodon Indeterminate Porto Pinheiro A tinodontid symmetrodont
Xenachoffatia X. oinopion Guimarota A paulchoffatiid multituberculate
Paulchoffatiidae Indeterminate Guimarota 4 distinct genera with 7 species
Pinheirodontidae Indeterminate Porto Pinheiro
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Invertebrate Paleofauna

Ostracods

Ostracods of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images
Cetacella[7] C. armata Cetacella is a typical component of Late Jurassic brackish water environments in Europe. Member of the Cypridacea[7]
C. inermis
C. striata
Theriosynoecum[7] T. wyomingense Member of the Cytheracea
Bisulcocypris[7] B. pahasapensis Member of the Cytheracea
Timiriasevia[7] T. guimarotensis Member of the Cytheracea
Poisia[7] P. bicostata Member of the Cytheracea
P. clivosa
Dicrorygima[7] D. reticulata Member of the Cytheracea
Darwinula[7] D. leguminella Member of the Darwinulacea

Mollusca

Bivalves

Bivalves of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images
Isognomon[7] I. rugosus Guimarota Dozens of well preserved shells sometimes making up entire stratigraphic layers This genus is regarded as an indicator for brachyhaline water conditions and it was likely buried in its natural habitat[7] File:Isognomon perna.jpg
"Unio" "U." cf. alcobacensis Guimarota Dozens of well preserved shells with articulated valves freshwater clam File:Unio elongatulus 2.jpg

Gastropods

Gastropods of the Alcobaça Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images
Teinostoma[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Shells Boring traces of clionidid sponges on the shells of this taxon indicate a marine lifestyle[7]
Cryptaulax[7] Indeterminate Guimarota Shells
Melampoides[7] M. jurassicus Guimarota Shells Boring traces of clionidid sponges on the shells of this taxon indicate a marine lifestyle, modern relatives like Melampus also venture onto land, which can also be expected from M. jurassicus[7]

See also

References

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  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "16.4 Distrito do Lisboa, Portugal; 1. Camadas de Alcobaça," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 548.
  6. ↑ a b c "16.1 Distrito do Leiria, Portugal; 3. Camadas de Alcobaça," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 548.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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  10. ↑ "16.1 Distrito do Leiria, Portugal; 3. Camadas de Alcobaça," and "16.4 Distrito do Lisboa, Portugal; 1. Camadas de Alcobaça," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 548-549.
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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  13. ↑ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 265.
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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Bibliography

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