Göschenen
Template:Infobox Swiss town Göschenen (Template:Langx, Template:Langx) is a village and municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It sits at the northern end of the Gotthard tunnel. The Göschenen riots (1875) saw Urner troops opening fire on Italian miners demonstrating for better working conditions and wages on the tunnel's construction site.[1]
Name
Göschenen is first mentioned in 1280 as Gesschenden. The name is from Rumantsch *cascina (modern caschigna) "alpine hut", from Latin capsum "corral", but influenced by the word for cheese, cascio. The e in the first syllable is due to Germanic i-umlaut, changed to ö in modern spelling is a hypercorrection based on the phonology of the dialect of Uri.[2]
Geography
Göschenen has an area, Template:As of, of Template:Convert. Of this area, 7.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 11.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.9% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (80.4%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).[3] Template:As of, 5.1% of the total land area was heavily forested, while 5.5% is covered in small trees and shrubbery. Of the agricultural land, 0.0% is used for farming or pastures, while 0.7% is used for orchards or vine crops and 6.6% is used for alpine pastures. Of the settled areas, 0.1% is covered with buildings, 0.3% is classed as special developments, and 0.5% is transportation infrastructure. Of the unproductive areas, 1.3% is unproductive standing water (ponds or lakes), 0.9% is unproductive flowing water (rivers), 62.8% is too rocky for vegetation, and 15.4% is other unproductive land.[4]
Göschenen and its railway station are located at the northern end of the Gotthard Road Tunnel and the Gotthard Rail Tunnel. The village grew up around a bridge over the Reuss. The Schöllenen Gorge in the Reuss Valley between Andermatt and Göschenen is the location of the infamous Devil's Bridge. A very short Template:RailGauge railway line, the Schöllenenbahn, connects Göschenen railway station with Andermatt railway station, via the Schöllenen Gorge.
Until 1875 it was part of the municipality of Wassen. It consists of the village of Göschenen and the hamlets of Abfrutt and the Göscheneralp.
Demographics
Göschenen has a population (as of Template:Swiss populations date) of Template:Swiss populations.Template:Swiss populations ref Template:As of, 4.2% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -26.9%. Most of the population (Template:As of) speaks German (94.9%), with Portuguese being second most common ( 2.0%) and Spanish being third ( 1.2%).[3] Template:As of the gender distribution of the population was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.[5]
In the 2007 federal election the FDP party received 90.4% of the vote.[3]
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Göschenen about 58.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[3]
Göschenen has an unemployment rate of 0.81%. Template:As of, there were 34 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 10 businesses involved in this sector. 75 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 4 businesses in this sector. 96 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 17 businesses in this sector.[3]
The historical population is given in the following table:[6][7]
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1837 | 344 |
| 1850 | 348 |
| 1880 | 2,992a |
| 1900 | 773 |
| 1920 | 974 |
| 1950 | 698 |
| 1960 | 1,284 |
| 1970 | 888 |
| 2000 | 511 |
| 2005 | 473 |
| 2007 | 450 |
| 2010 | 410 |
- <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>^a Population increase due to construction of the Gotthard rail tunnel.
Weather
Göschenen has an average of 151.4 days of rain per year and on average receives Template:Convert of precipitation. The wettest month is April during which time Göschenen receives an average of Template:Convert of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 14.2 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is May, with an average of 15.3, but with only Template:Convert of precipitation. The driest month of the year is September with an average of Template:Convert of precipitation over 14.2 days.[8]
References
External links
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ ortsnamen.ch 1280 Gesschenden, 1290s Gescheldun, Gescheldun, Geschendon, Geschentun, Geschenden, Geschenen. 1353 Geschinen; latinized as Gestinum in Ortelius (1570), Mercator (1585). Göschinen first in 1455, the modern spelling Göschenen first in 1620. Geschenen auch Gestinen, Göschenen, Gestilen in Leu, Lexikon (1754) 8, p. 473. Gestinen oder Göschenen Ebel, Anleitung (1804) 2, p. 44. The form Gestinen falls out of use in the 19th century. The spelling in ö becomes prevalent after 1870, and is recognized as hypercorrection by Brandstätter, 'Urseren', Vaterland 69 (1907): "Die unrichtige Schreibweise mit ‹ö› entstand dadurch, das im Urnerdialekt das ‹ö› eben auch wie ‹e› ausgesprochen wird. Das ‹e› in den beiden genannten Namen ist aber Umlaut von ‹a›, d. h. ursprünglich ‹ä›."
- ↑ a b c d e Swiss Federal Statistical Office Template:Webarchive accessed 09-Sep-2009
- ↑ Canton Uri - Ground use statistics Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 8 September 2009
- ↑ Uri Population statistics Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 8 September 2009
- ↑ Template:HDS
- ↑ Uri in Numbers 2009/10 edition Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 8 September 2009
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1"., the weather station elevation is 1099 meters above sea level.