Glyceric acid
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| Template:Longitem | C3H6O4 |
| Molar mass | 106.08 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless syrup |
| Melting point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
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Glyceric acid refers to organic compounds with the formula Template:Chem2. It occurs naturally and is classified as three-carbon sugar acid. It is chiral. Salts and esters of glyceric acid are known as glycerates.
Production
Glyceric acid is usually produced by oxidation of glycerol. A typical oxidant is nitric acid, but catalytic oxidations have been developed also:[2][3]
As glycerol is prochiral, the oxidation of the two terminal alcohol groups gives distinct enantiomers of glyceric acid. Oxidation of both primary alcohols gives tartronic acid:
Biochemistry
Several phosphate derivatives of glyceric acid, including 2-phosphoglyceric acid, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 2,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid, and 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid, are intermediates in glycolysis.[4] 3-Phosphoglyceric acid is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the amino acid serine, which in turn can be used in the synthesis of glycine and cysteine.[5]
Glyceric acid occurs naturally in Populus tremula and Ardisia crenata.[6]
References
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