List of largest empires

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Template:Short description Template:Pp-semi Template:Use dmy dates

A map of the British and Mongol empires at their respective greatest extents
The British Empire (red) and Mongol Empire (blue) were the largest and second-largest empires in history, respectively. The precise extent of either empire at its greatest territorial expansion is a matter of debate among scholars.

Several empires in human history have been contenders for the largest of all time, depending on definition and mode of measurement. Possible ways of measuring size include area, population, economy, and power. Of these, area is the most commonly used because it has a fairly precise definition and can be feasibly measured with some degree of accuracy.[1] Estonian political scientist Rein Taagepera, who published a series of academic articles about the territorial extents of historical empires between 1978 and 1997,[2][3][4][5] defined an empire as "any relatively large sovereign political entity whose components are not sovereign" and its size as the area over which the empire has some undisputed military and taxation prerogatives.[6] The list is not exhaustive owing to a lack of available data for several empires; for this reason and because of the inherent uncertainty in the estimates, no rankings are given.

Largest empires by land area

For context, the land area of the Earth, excluding the continent of Antarctica, is Template:Convert.[7]

Empires at their greatest extent

File:The Harmsworth atlas and Gazetter 1908 (135853015).jpg
The home and colonial areas of the world's empires in 1908, as given by The Harmsworth Atlas and Gazetteer

Empire size in this list is defined as the dry land area it controlled at the time, which may differ considerably from the area it claimed. For example: in the year 1800, European powers collectively claimed approximately 20% of the Earth's land surface that they did not effectively control.[8] Where estimates vary, entries are sorted by the lowest estimate. Where more than one entry has the same area, they are listed alphabetically. Template:Sticky header

Empire Maximum land area
Million km2 Million sq mi % of world Year
British EmpireTemplate:Efn 35.5[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Mongol EmpireTemplate:Efn 24.0[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10] or Template:Date table sorting[9]
Russian EmpireTemplate:Efn 22.8[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Qing dynastyTemplate:Efn 14.7[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Spanish Empire 13.7[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Second French colonial empire 11.5[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Abbasid Caliphate 11.1[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Umayyad Caliphate 11.1[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Yuan dynasty 11.0[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Xiongnu Empire 9.0[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Empire of BrazilTemplate:Efn Template:Significant figures[12] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[12]
Empire of Japan 7.4[13]–Template:Convert Template:Convert–3.285[14] Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[13][14]
Eastern Han dynasty 6.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Ming dynasty 6.5[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Rashidun Caliphate 6.4[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
First Turkic Khaganate 6.0[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Golden Horde Khanate 6.0[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Western Han dynasty 6.0[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Achaemenid Empire 5.5[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Second Portuguese EmpireTemplate:Efn 5.5[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Tang dynasty 5.4[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Macedonian Empire 5.2[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Ottoman Empire 5.2[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Northern Yuan dynasty 5.0[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Roman Empire 5.0[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Xin dynasty 4.7[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Tibetan Empire 4.6[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Xianbei state 4.5[15] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[15]
First Mexican Empire 4.429[16] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[16]
Timurid Empire 4.4[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Fatimid Caliphate 4.1[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Eastern Turkic Khaganate 4.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Hunnic Empire 4.0[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Mughal Empire 4.0[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Great Seljuq Empire 3.9[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Seleucid Empire 3.9[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Italian Empire Template:Significant figures[17] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[17]
Ilkhanate 3.75[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Dzungar Khanate 3.6[15] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[15]
Chagatai Khanate 3.5[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9] or Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Sasanian Empire 3.5[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Western Turkic Khaganate 3.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Western Xiongnu 3.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
First French colonial empire 3.4[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Ghaznavid Empire 3.4[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Maurya Empire 3.4[11]–5.0[10] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Delhi Sultanate 3.2[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
German colonial empire Template:Convert Template:Significant figures[18] Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[18]
Northern Song dynasty 3.1[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Uyghur Khaganate 3.1[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Western Jin dynasty 3.1[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Danish Empire 3.0[19] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[19]
Sui dynasty 3.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Safavid empire 2.9[15] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[15]
Samanid Empire 2.85[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Eastern Jin dynasty 2.8[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Median EmpireTemplate:Efn 2.8[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Parthian Empire 2.8[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1[10][11]
Rouran Khaganate 2.8[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Byzantine Empire 2.7[10]–2.8[11] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10] or Template:Date table sorting[11]
Indo-Scythian Kingdom 2.6[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Liao dynasty 2.6[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 2.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Later Zhao 2.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Maratha Confederacy 2.5[10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10]
Belgian colonial empire Template:Significant figures[17]–Template:Convert Template:Convert–Template:Significant figures[20] Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[17] or Template:Date table sorting[20]
Jin dynasty (1115–1234) 2.3[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Khwarazmian Empire 2.3[10]–3.6[9] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10] or Template:Date table sorting[9]
Qin dynasty 2.3[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Dutch Empire 2.1[15] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[15]
First French Empire 2.1[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Kievan Rus' 2.1[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Mamluk Sultanate 2.1[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Southern Song dynasty 2.1[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Third Portuguese Empire 2.1[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Almohad Caliphate 2.0[10]–2.3[9] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10] or Template:Date table sorting[9]
Cao Wei 2.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Former Qin 2.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Former Zhao 2.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Ghurid dynasty 2.0[15] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[15]
Inca Empire 2.0[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Kushan Empire 2.0[10]–2.5[11] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][11]
Liu Song dynasty 2.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Northern Wei 2.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Western Roman Empire 2.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Ayyubid dynasty 1.7[9]–2.0[10] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Gupta Empire 1.7[11]–3.5[10] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Hephthalite Empire 1.7[21]–4.0[11] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[21] or Template:Date table sorting[11]
Buyid dynasty 1.6[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Eastern Wu 1.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Northern Qi 1.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Northern Xiongnu 1.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Northern Zhou 1.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Neo-Assyrian Empire 1.4[10][22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][22]
Eastern Maurya Kingdom 1.3[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Liang dynasty 1.3[10][11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting,[11] Template:Date table sorting,[11] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Qajar Empire Template:Convert 0.50[23] Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[23]
Kingdom of Aksum 1.25[10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10]
Shang dynasty 1.25[10][22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10][22]
Francia 1.2[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Srivijaya 1.2[10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10]
Indo-Greek Kingdom 1.1[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Mali Empire 1.1[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1.1[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10] or Template:Date table sorting[9]
Almoravid dynasty 1.0[10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10]
Pushyabhuti dynasty 1.0[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9] or Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty 1.0[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Holy Roman Empire 1.0[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Khazar Khanate 1.0[9]–3.0[10] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Khmer Empire 1.0[9][10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9][10]
New Kingdom of Egypt 1.0[10][22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Ptolemaic Kingdom 1.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Qara Khitai 1.0[9]–1.5[10] Template:Convert–Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage".–Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9] or Template:Date table sorting[10]
Scythia 1.0[21] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[21]
Shu Han 1.0[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Tahirid dynasty 1.0[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Western Xia 1.0[10] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[10]
Swedish Empire 0.99[24] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[24]
Kingdom of Armenia 0.9[25] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[25]
Nazi Germany Template:Significant figures[17] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[17]
Akkadian Empire 0.8[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Avar Khaganate 0.8[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Chu 0.8[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Huns 0.8[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Songhai Empire 0.8[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Hyksos 0.65[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt 0.65[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Rozvi Empire 0.624[26] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[26]
Austro-Hungarian Empire Template:Convert Template:Significant figures[27] Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[27]
Caliphate of Córdoba 0.6[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
First Portuguese Empire 0.6[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Visigothic Kingdom 0.6[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Zhou dynasty 0.55[28] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[28]
Sikh Empire Template:Convert 0.20[29] Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[29]
Emirate of Córdoba 0.5[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Kosala 0.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Lydia 0.5[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Magadha 0.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Middle Kingdom of Egypt 0.5[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Neo-Babylonian Empire 0.5[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Satavahana dynasty 0.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt 0.5[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Western Satraps 0.5[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
New Hittite Kingdom 0.45[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting[22]
Xia dynasty 0.45[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Bulgarian Empire 0.4[30]Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[30]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Kingdom of France (Middle Ages) 0.4[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Middle Assyrian Empire 0.4[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Old Kingdom of Egypt 0.4[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Sokoto Caliphate 0.4[31] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[31]
Latin Empire 0.35[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Ancient Carthage 0.3[11] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[11]
Indus Valley CivilisationTemplate:Efn 0.3[28] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[28]
Mitanni 0.3[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting[22]
Ashanti Empire 0.25[32] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[32]
First Babylonian Empire 0.25[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Aztec Empire 0.22[9] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[9]
Zulu Empire Template:Convert 0.08[33] Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[33]
Elamite Empire 0.2[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Phrygia 0.2[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Second Dynasty of Isin 0.2[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Urartu 0.2[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Eastern Zhou 0.15[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Middle Hittite Kingdom 0.15[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Old Assyrian Empire 0.15[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Old Hittite Empire 0.15[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Oyo Empire 0.15[34] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[34]
Bornu Empire Template:Convert 0.05[35] Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[35]
Larsa 0.1[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting[22]
Neo-Sumerian Empire 0.1[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Tarascan empire 0.075[36] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[36]
Lagash 0.05[28] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[28]
Sumer 0.05[22] Template:Convert Script error: No such module "Percentage". Template:Date table sorting[22]
Template:Notelist

Timeline of largest empires to date

The earliest empire which can with certainty be stated to have been larger than all previous empires was that of Upper and Lower Egypt, which covered ten times the area of the previous largest civilisation around the year 3000 BC.[37] Template:Sticky header

Empire Land area Year
Million km2 Million sq mi
Upper and Lower Egypt 0.1[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
Old Kingdom of Egypt 0.25[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
0.4[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
Akkadian Empire 0.65[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
0.8[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
New Kingdom of Egypt 1.0[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
Shang dynasty 1.25[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
Neo-Assyrian Empire 1.4[22] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[22]
Median EmpireTemplate:Efn 2.8[11] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[11]
Achaemenid Empire 3.6[11] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[11]
5.5[11] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[11]
Xiongnu Empire 9.0[11] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[11]
Umayyad Caliphate 11.1[9] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[9]
Mongol Empire 13.5[9] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[9]
24.0[9] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[9]
British Empire 24.5[9] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[9]
35.5[9] Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting[9]
Template:Notelist

Timeline of largest empires at the time

Empire Land area during time
as largest empire 		Approximate period[28]
Million km2[28] Million sq mi
Upper Egypt 0.1 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Old Kingdom of Egypt 0.25–0.4 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Akkadian Empire 0.2–0.6 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Indus Valley CivilisationTemplate:Efn 0.15 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Middle Kingdom of Egypt 0.2–0.5 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Xia dynasty 0.4 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Hyksos 0.65 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
New Kingdom of Egypt 0.65–1.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Shang dynasty 0.9–1.1 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
New Kingdom of Egypt 0.5–0.6 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Zhou dynasty 0.35–0.45 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Neo-Assyrian Empire 0.4–1.4 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Median EmpireTemplate:Efn 3.0 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Achaemenid Empire 2.5–5.5 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting
Macedonian Empire 5.2 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Seleucid Empire 4.0 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Maurya Empire 3.5 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Han dynasty 2.5 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Xiongnu Empire 5.7 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Han dynasty 4.2–6.5 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sortingTemplate:Spaced en dashTemplate:Date table sorting AD
Roman Empire 4.4 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Sasanian Empire 3.5 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Hunnic Empire 4.0 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Sasanian Empire 3.5 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Göktürk Khaganate 3.0–5.2 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Rashidun Caliphate 5.2 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Umayyad Caliphate 9.0–11.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Abbasid Caliphate 8.3–11.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Tibet 2.5–4.7 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Song dynasty 3.0 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Seljuk Empire 3.0–4.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Tibet 2.5 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Jin dynasty (1115–1234) 2.3 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Mongol Empire 18.0–24.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Yuan dynasty 11.0 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Timurid Empire 4.0 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Ming dynasty 4.7–6.5 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Ottoman Empire 4.3 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting
Tsardom of Russia 6.0–12.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Russian Empire 14.0–17.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
British Empire 23.0–34.0 Template:Convert–Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Soviet Union 22.5 Template:Convert Template:Date table sorting–Template:Date table sorting
Template:Notelist

Largest empires by share of world population

File:The Harmsworth atlas and Gazetter 1908 (135853022).jpg
The home and colonial populations of the world's empires in 1908, as given by The Harmsworth Atlas and Gazetteer

Because of the trend of increasing world population over time, absolute population figures are for some purposes less relevant for comparison between different empires than their respective shares of the world population at the time.[38] For the majority of the time since roughly 400 BC, the two most populous empires' combined share of the world population has been 30–40%. Most of the time, the most populous empire has been located in China.[39]

Empire Empire population
as percentage of
world population[40] 		Year[40]
Qing dynasty 37 Template:Date table sorting
Northern Song dynasty 33 Template:Date table sorting
Western Han dynasty 32 Template:Date table sorting
Mongol Empire 31 Template:Date table sorting
Roman Empire 30 Template:Date table sorting
Jin dynasty (266–420) 28 Template:Date table sorting
Ming dynasty 28 Template:Date table sorting
Qin dynasty 24 Template:Date table sorting
Mughal Empire 24 Template:Date table sorting
Tang dynasty 23 Template:Date table sorting
Delhi Sultanate 23 Template:Date table sorting
British Empire 23 Template:Date table sorting
Empire of Japan 20 Template:Date table sorting
Maurya Empire 19 Template:Date table sorting
Former Qin 19 Template:Date table sorting
Northern Zhou 16 Template:Date table sorting
Macedonian Empire 15 Template:Date table sorting
Empire of Harsha 15 Template:Date table sorting
Gupta Empire 13 Template:Date table sorting
Northern Wei 13 Template:Date table sorting
Umayyad Caliphate 13 Template:Date table sorting
Achaemenid Empire 12 Template:Date table sorting
Former Yan 12 Template:Date table sorting
Jin dynasty (1115–1234) 12 Template:Date table sorting
Nazi Germany 12 Template:Date table sorting

See also

References

Template:Reflist

Further reading

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Template:Empires Template:Politics country lists

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  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ a b Template:Cite EB1911
  19. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ a b Template:Cite EB1911
  28. ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ a b Template:Cite thesis
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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