Gila County, Arizona

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Gila County (Template:IPAc-en Script error: No such module "Respell".) is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,272.[1] The county seat is Globe.[2]

Gila County comprises the Payson, Arizona micropolitan statistical area which is included in the greater Phoenix–Mesa, AZ combined statistical area.

Gila County contains parts of Fort Apache Indian Reservation and San Carlos Indian Reservation.

History

The county was formed from parts of Maricopa and Pinal counties on February 8, 1881.[3] The boundary was then extended eastward to the San Carlos River by public petition in 1889. The original county seat was in the mining community of Globe City, now Globe.

Popular theory holds that the word "Gila" was derived from a Spanish contraction of Hah-quah-sa-eel, a Yuma word meaning "running water which is salty".[4]

In the 1880s, a long, range war broke out in Gila County resulting in an almost complete annihilation of the families involved. The Pleasant Valley War (also sometimes called the Tonto Basin Feud or Tonto Basin War) matched the cattle-herding Grahams against the sheep-herding Tewksburys. Once partisan feelings became tense and hostilities began, Frederick Russell Burnham, who later became a celebrated scout and the inspiration for the boy scouts, was drawn into the conflict on the losing side.[5][6]

Burnham shot many men in the feud, and was himself nearly killed by a bounty hunter.[7] Tom Horn, an infamous assassin, was known to have taken part as a killer for hire, but it is unknown which side employed him. Both sides suffered fatalities. No one was ever charged or prosecuted.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

In the 1960s, it was home of Gerald Gault, who was the subject of the 1967 U.S. Supreme Court ruling, in re Gault, that stated juveniles have the same rights as adults when arrested: to be notified of the charges against them, their rights to attorneys, for family members to be notified of their arrests, to confront their accusers and to not be punished more harshly than adults who are convicted of the same crime, especially if an adult's penalty for the crime would be less than that accorded a juvenile convict.[8]

Geography

File:Gila County-Pinto Creek Bridge-Hwy 60 in Gila County -1949.jpg
Pinto Creek Bridge on US 60

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (0.8%) is water.[9]

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
18902,021—
19004,973Script error: No such module "String".%
191016,348Script error: No such module "String".%
192025,678Script error: No such module "String".%
193031,016Script error: No such module "String".%
194023,867Script error: No such module "String".%
195024,158Script error: No such module "String".%
196025,745Script error: No such module "String".%
197029,255Script error: No such module "String".%
198037,080Script error: No such module "String".%
199040,216Script error: No such module "String".%
200051,335Script error: No such module "String".%
201053,597Script error: No such module "String".%
202053,272Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)54,073[10]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790–1960[12] 1900–1990[13]
1990–2000[14] 2010–2020[1]

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Gila County, Arizona – Racial and ethnic composition
<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) 2020[15] 2010[16] 2000[17] 1990[18] 1980[19]
White alone (NH) 61.5%
(32,757) 		65.9%
(35,298) 		68.9%
(35,391) 		68.1%
(27,377) 		64.5%
(23,926)
Black alone (NH) 0.5%
(239) 		0.4%
(195) 		0.3%
(174) 		0.2%
(97) 		0.2%
(81)
American Indian alone (NH) 16.3%
(8,655) 		14.2%
(7,615) 		12.5%
(6,412) 		12.7%
(5,112) 		13.8%
(5,132)
Asian alone (NH) 0.8%
(427) 		0.5%
(256) 		0.4%
(211) 		0.3%
(109) 		0.3%
(119)
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 0.1%
(45) 		0.1%
(34) 		0.1%
(24)
Other race alone (NH) 0.4%
(203) 		0.1%
(38) 		0.1%
(36) 		0.1%
(35) 		0%
(17)
Multiracial (NH) 3.1%
(1,663) 		1.1%
(573) 		1.1%
(541) 		— —
Hispanic/Latino (any race) 17.4%
(9,283) 		17.9%
(9,588) 		16.7%
(8,546) 		18.6%
(7,486) 		21%
(7,805)

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 53,272. Of the residents, 19.3% were under the age of 18 and 29.8% were 65 years of age or older; the median age was 51.7 years. For every 100 females there were 99.2 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 97.8 males. 55.6% of residents lived in urban areas while 44.4% lived in rural areas.[20][21]

The racial makeup of the county was 67.4% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 16.8% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 5.8% from some other race, and 8.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 17.4% of the population.[22]

The most reported ancestries in 2020 were:[23]

There were 22,312 households in the county, of which 22.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 27.1% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[21]

There were 32,373 housing units, of which 31.1% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 75.9% were owner-occupied and 24.1% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.5% and the rental vacancy rate was 11.4%.[21]

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 53,597 people, 22,000 households, and 14,294 families living in the county.[24] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 32,698 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[25] The racial makeup of the county was 76.8% white, 14.8% American Indian, 0.5% Asian, 0.4% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 5.3% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 17.9% of the population.[24] In terms of ancestry, 17.4% were German, 13.3% were English, 11.4% were Irish, and 3.4% were American.[26]

Of the 22,000 households, 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 35.0% were non-families, and 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.94. The median age was 47.9 years.[24]

The median income for a household in the county was $37,580 and the median income for a family was $46,292. Males had a median income of $41,698 versus $30,023 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,600. About 11.6% of families and 18.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.4% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.[27]

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 51,335 people, 20,140 households, and 14,098 families living in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 28,189 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 77.8% White, 0.4% Black or African American, 12.9% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 6.6% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. 16.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 9.8% reported speaking Spanish at home, while 6.3% speak Western Apache.[28]

There were 20,140 households, out of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.1% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.0% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 22.3% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,917, and the median income for a family was $36,593. Males had a median income of $31,579 versus $22,315 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,315. About 12.6% of families and 17.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.9% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Historically, Gila County was a Democratic-leaning county in largely-Republican Arizona – for example, it voted for Adlai Stevenson II in 1952, Hubert Humphrey in 1968 and (very narrowly in a three-way contest) for John W. Davis in 1924. In much of the "dealignment" period from 1960 to 1980, when Arizona was the only state never carried by a Democrat, Gila was the second most-Democratic county in Arizona, behind massively unionized Greenlee. Only during very large Presidential landslides was Gila County carried by Republicans before 2000: indeed, apart from Ronald Reagan in 1980 and Richard Nixon in 1972, no Republican before 2000 ever carried the county by more than seven percentage points.

Since 2000, however, like Greenlee County, Gila County has trended heavily towards the Republican Party, with Hillary Clinton’s 2016 performance being the worst ever by a Democratic presidential nominee at the time. Moreover, Barack Obama did worse here in 2008 than John Kerry did in 2004, one of a few non-Ozark or non-Appalachian counties where this occurred (possibly due to Arizona Senator John McCain's presence on the ballot).

Gila County was covered in the papers[29] as the site of a confluence between politics and public health as the conservatism of the county (with Democrat Joe Biden losing by 34 points in the 2020 presidential election[30])

The county was one of two in Arizona to vote against 2024 Arizona Proposition 139, which established a right to abortion in the state's constitution, along with neighboring Graham County.[31]

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Transportation

Major highways

Airports

The following public-use airports are located in the county:

Communities

File:Gila County Incorporated and Unincorporated areas.svg
Map of the incorporated and major unincorporated areas in Gila County. Also shown are borders for Indian reservations in the county.

City

Towns

Census-designated places

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Other communities

Ghost towns

Indian communities

County population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Gila County.[32][33]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Population (2010 Census) Municipal type Incorporated
1 Payson 15,301 Town
2 † Globe 7,532 City 1875 (founded)
3 San Carlos 4,038 CDP
4 Central Heights-Midland City 2,534 CDP
5 Star Valley 2,310 Town 2005
6 Pine 1,963 CDP
7 Miami 1,837 Town
8 Claypool 1,538 CDP
9 Tonto Basin 1,424 CDP
10 Peridot 1,350 CDP
11 Canyon Day 1,209 CDP
12 Six Shooter Canyon 1,019 CDP
13 Strawberry 961 CDP
14 Wheatfields 785 CDP
15 Mesa del Caballo 765 CDP
16 Icehouse Canyon 677 CDP
17 Young 666 CDP
18 Hayden (partially in Pinal County) 662 Town
19 Gisela 570 CDP
20 Round Valley 487 CDP
21 Pinal 439 CDP
22 Winkelman (partially in Pinal County) 353 Town
23 Cedar Creek 318 CDP
24 Tonto Village 256 CDP
25 Dripping Springs 235 CDP
t-26 Beaver Valley 231 CDP
t-26 Top-of-the-World 231 CDP
27 East Globe 226 CDP
28 Oxbow Estates 217 CDP
29 Deer Creek 216 CDP
30 East Verde Estates 170 CDP
31 Christopher Creek 156 CDP
32 Whispering Pines 148 CDP
33 Carrizo 127 CDP
34 Copper Hill 108 CDP
35 Freedom Acres 84 CDP
36 Rye 77 CDP
37 Jakes Corner 76 CDP
38 Cutter 74 CDP
39 Washington Park 70 CDP
40 Geronimo Estates 60 CDP
41 Rock House 50 CDP
42 Hunter Creek 48 CDP
43 Kohls Ranch 46 CDP
44 Flowing Springs 42 CDP
45 Mead Ranch 38 CDP
46 El Capitan 37 CDP
47 Roosevelt 28 CDP
48 Haigler Creek 19 CDP
49 Bear Flat 18 CDP

Education

School districts include:

Unified school districts:[34]

Elementary school districts:[34]

Notable people

See also

References

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  8. ↑ In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1, 4 (1967) Primary Holding
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External links

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