Franklin County, Massachusetts

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Franklin County is a nongovernmental county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the population was 71,029,[1] which made it the least populous county on the Massachusetts mainland, and the third least populous county in the state. Its traditional county seat and most populous city is Greenfield. Its largest town by area is New Salem.[2] Franklin County comprises the Greenfield Town, MA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Springfield–Greenfield Town, MA Combined Statistical Area.

History

Franklin County was created on June 24, 1811, from the northern third of Hampshire County. It was named for Benjamin Franklin.[3] Franklin County's government was abolished by the state government in 1997, at the county's request.[4]

Law and government

Like several other Massachusetts counties, Franklin County exists today only as a geographic region and has no county government. The Franklin County Commission voted itself out of existence, and all former state-mandated county functions were assumed by state agencies in 1997. The sheriff and some other regional officials with specific duties are still elected locally to perform duties within the county region. Counties in Massachusetts and New England generally are historically weak governmental structures.[5] The primary subdivision of the Commonwealth is the municipal town. Communities are permitted to form regional compacts for sharing services. The municipalities of Franklin County have formed the Franklin Regional Council of Governments.[6] The regional council provides various services on a regional basis, and a majority of the county's towns are members of the Franklin County Solid Waste Management District, which provides municipal waste disposal and recycling services to its members. Public transportation throughout the county and in the North Quabbin area of northwestern Worcester County is provided by the Franklin Regional Transit Authority. Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Politics

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Voter registration

Voter registration and party enrollment as of February 2024[7]
Unenrolled 37,116 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Democratic 14,576 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Republican 3,871 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Libertarian 192 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Other parties 473 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Total 56,228 Script error: No such module "Percentage".

Geography and climate

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land, Script error: No such module "convert". and (3.5%) is water.[8] Central and southern Franklin County is dominated by the northern end of the Pioneer Valley, with steep hills rising on either side of the Connecticut River.

The high point of Franklin County is Crum Hill, Script error: No such module "convert"., located in the town of Monroe.

Climate

The climate in Franklin County is typically cool temperate. The area is also somewhat maritime, with relatively high year-round precipitation. Summers are warm and humid with frequent evening storms, and winters are cool to cold with frequent snow and subfreezing (below 31 °F) temperatures.

Protected areas

Various Department of Conservation & Recreation properties.

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
182029,268—
183029,501Script error: No such module "String".%
184028,812Script error: No such module "String".%
185030,870Script error: No such module "String".%
186031,434Script error: No such module "String".%
187032,635Script error: No such module "String".%
188036,001Script error: No such module "String".%
189038,610Script error: No such module "String".%
190041,209Script error: No such module "String".%
191043,600Script error: No such module "String".%
192049,361Script error: No such module "String".%
193049,612Script error: No such module "String".%
194049,453Script error: No such module "String".%
195052,747Script error: No such module "String".%
196054,864Script error: No such module "String".%
197059,210Script error: No such module "String".%
198064,317Script error: No such module "String".%
199070,092Script error: No such module "String".%
200071,535Script error: No such module "String".%
201071,372Script error: No such module "String".%
202071,029Script error: No such module "String".%
2025 (est.)70,698[10] DecreaseScript error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790–1960[12] 1900–1990[13]
1990–2000[14] 2010–2018[15]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 71,029. Of the residents, 17.2% were under the age of 18 and 23.4% were 65 years of age or older; the median age was 47.0 years. For every 100 females there were 96.0 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 93.8 males. 45.1% of residents lived in urban areas and 54.9% lived in rural areas.[16][17][18]

The racial makeup of the county was 87.8% White, 1.5% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.7% Asian, 0.0% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 1.9% from some other race, and 6.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 5.1% of the population.[18]

There were 31,323 households in the county, of which 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 28.6% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[17]

There were 34,345 housing units, of which 8.8% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 68.0% were owner-occupied and 32.0% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.1% and the rental vacancy rate was 4.3%.[17]

Racial and ethnic composition

Franklin County, Massachusetts – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[19] Pop 1990[20] Pop 2000[21] Pop 2010[22] Pop 2020[23] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 63,319 68,074 67,518 65,978 61,464 98.45% 97.12% 94.38% 92.44% 86.53%
Black or African American alone (NH) 280 457 594 703 963 0.44% 0.65% 0.83% 0.98% 1.36%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 81 195 178 175 121 0.13% 0.28% 0.25% 0.25% 0.17%
Asian alone (NH) 204 476 734 887 1,186 0.32% 0.68% 1.03% 1.24% 1.67%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [24] x [25] 15 9 10 x x 0.02% 0.01% 0.01%
Other race alone (NH) 122 48 105 99 362 0.19% 0.07% 0.15% 0.14% 0.51%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [26] x [27] 966 1,271 3,331 x x 1.35% 1.78% 4.69%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 311 842 1,425 2,250 3,592 0.48% 1.20% 1.99% 3.15% 5.06%
Total 64,317 70,092 71,535 71,372 71,029 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

At the 2010 census, there were 71,372 people, 30,462 households, and 18,317 families in the county.[28] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 33,758 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[29] The racial makeup of the county was 94.2% white, 1.3% Asian, 1.1% black, 0.3% American Indian, 1.0% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.2% of the population.[28] The largest ancestry groups were:[30]

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Of the 30,462 households, 26.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.8% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 39.9% were non-families, and 30.5% of households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.85. The median age was 44.2 years.[28]

The median household income was $52,002 and the median family income was $65,760. Males had a median income of $45,480 versus $37,309 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,544. About 7.7% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.8% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.[31]

2000 census

At the 2000 census there were 71,535 people, 29,466 households, and 18,416 families in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 31,939 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 95.40% White, 0.89% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 1.04% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.75% from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. 1.99%.[32] were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16.2% were of English, 12.2% Irish, 12.0% Polish, 10.2% French, 7.0% French Canadian, 6.7% German, 6.1% Italian and 6.0% American ancestry according to Census 2000. Most of those claiming to be of "American" ancestry are actually of English descent, but have family that has been in the country for so long, in many cases since the early seventeenth century that they choose to identify simply as "American".[33][34][35][36][37] 94.5% spoke English and 1.8% Spanish as their first language.

Of the 29,466 households 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 29.0% of households were one person and 10.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.95.

The age distribution was 23.5% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 25.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.5 males.

The median household income was $40,768 and the median family income was $50,915. Males had a median income of $36,350 versus $27,228 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,672. About 6.5% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.5% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.

Demographic breakdown by town

Income

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Rank Town Per capita
income 		Median
household
income 		Median
family
income 		Population Number of
households
Deerfield CDP $39,291 $90,625 $91,786 252 83
1 Hawley Town $37,094 $63,750 $79,167 378 154
2 Leverett Town $36,750 $74,500 $87,188 1,756 702
3 Shutesbury Town $36,472 $67,708 $85,972 1,834 745
Massachusetts State $35,051 $65,981 $83,371 6,512,227 2,522,409
4 Whately Town $34,183 $78,750 $89,500 1,529 629
Northfield CDP $33,956 $67,900 $88,068 1,004 440
5 New Salem Town $33,776 $64,833 $72,083 953 402
6 Ashfield Town $33,569 $66,429 $69,375 1,771 742
7 Conway Town $33,385 $80,313 $85,000 1,793 705
8 Deerfield Town $33,111 $69,744 $85,231 5,096 2,145
9 Leyden Town $32,348 $72,500 $78,167 633 272
South Deerfield CDP $31,773 $51,107 $80,147 1,926 931
10 Gill Town $31,288 $59,800 $70,833 1,428 566
11 Sunderland Town $31,090 $54,208 $73,403 3,696 1,525
12 Northfield Town $31,001 $61,667 $73,697 3,034 1,276
13 Shelburne Town $30,751 $59,145 $77,063 1,957 811
14 Heath Town $30,557 $63,333 $72,981 483 214
15 Warwick Town $29,135 $59,531 $67,500 601 269
16 Colrain Town $29,035 $53,813 $64,375 1,729 703
17 Charlemont Town $28,555 $53,281 $64,000 1,160 505
18 Wendell Town $28,480 $56,750 $62,143 1,076 452
19 Rowe Town $28,354 $50,938 $56,667 386 183
Franklin County County $28,313 $52,246 $65,713 71,495 30,362
20 Bernardston Town $28,117 $50,556 $66,000 2,193 948
United States Country $27,915 $52,762 $64,293 306,603,772 114,761,359
21 Buckland Town $27,308 $61,750 $73,125 2,297 869
Shelburne Falls CDP $27,155 $49,635 $62,500 1,886 815
22 Greenfield City $26,229 $46,018 $56,063 17,565 7,717
23 Montague Town $24,823 $41,980 $57,234 8,455 3,733
24 Erving Town $23,775 $53,661 $57,692 1,755 689
Orange CDP $22,652 $50,407 $51,979 3,926 1,534
25 Monroe Town $22,647 $30,714 $56,875 122 72
Turners Falls CDP $22,590 $36,623 $48,796 4,620 2,039
26 Orange Town $22,434 $44,282 $50,536 7,815 3,334
Millers Falls CDP $21,386 $50,550 $58,516 1,129 443

Transportation

Franklin County is served by buses run by the Franklin Regional Transit Authority. Southeastern Franklin County is also served by the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority, with transportation to destinations in neighboring Hampshire County.

Major highways

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Notable person

Communities

City

Towns

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Census-designated places

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Other unincorporated communities

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  6. ↑ Massachusetts Government: County Government Script error: No such module "webarchive". Massachusetts League of Women Voters. Retrieved October 10, 2007.
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  25. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  26. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  27. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  28. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America By Dominic J. Pulera.
  34. ↑ Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', Demography, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.
  35. ↑ Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-6.
  36. ↑ Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86.
  37. ↑ Mary C. Waters, Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36.
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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