Far Rockaway

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Far Rockaway is a neighborhood on the eastern part of the Rockaway peninsula in the New York City borough of Queens. It is the easternmost section of the Rockaways. The neighborhood extends from Beach 32nd Street east to the Nassau County line. Its southern boundary is the Atlantic Ocean; it is one of the neighborhoods along Rockaway Beach.

Far Rockaway is located in Queens Community District 14 and its ZIP Codes are 11691 and 11693.[1] It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 101st Precinct.

History

Precolonial and colonial era

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File:Grand View Ave, Far Rockaway, New York.png
Grand View Avenue in the 1910s

The indigenous inhabitants of the Rockaways were the Canarsie Indians, a band of Mohegan, whose name was associated with the geography of the location. By 1639, the Mohegan tribe sold most of the Rockaways to the Dutch West India Company. In 1664, the English defeated the Dutch colony and took over their lands in present-day New York.[note 1][2] In 1685, the band chief, Tackapoucha, and the English governor of the province agreed to sell the Rockaways to a Captain Palmer for 31 pounds sterling.[3]

The Rockaway Peninsula was originally designated as part of the Town of Hempstead, then a part of Queens County. Palmer and the Town of Hempstead disputed over who owned Rockaway, so in 1687 he sold the land to Richard Cornell, an iron master from Flushing. Cornell and his family lived on a homestead on what is now Central Avenue, near the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. At his death, Cornell was buried in a small family cemetery, Cornell Cemetery.[3]

19th century

In the late 19th century, the Rockaway Association wanted to build a hotel on the Rockaway Peninsula, as it was increasingly popular as a summer destination. The association, consisting of many wealthy members who had homes in the area, bought most of Cornell's old homestead property. They developed the Marine Pavilion on that site, which attracted such guests as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Washington Irving, and the Vanderbilt family. The Rockaway Association also built the Rockaway Turnpike. The Marine Hotel burned to the ground in 1864, but more hotels and private residences were built in the area.[3]

In the 19th century, people traveled to the Rockaways by horse-drawn carriages or on horseback. A ferry powered by steam sailed from Lower Manhattan to Brooklyn. By the 1880s, the Long Island Rail Road's Rockaway Beach Branch was built to serve Far Rockaway station.[3] The steam railroad went to Long Island City and Flatbush Terminal (now Atlantic Terminal). When it opened in the 1880s, this connection stimulated population growth on the Rockaway Peninsula.[4] Benjamin Mott gave the LIRR Script error: No such module "convert". of land for a railroad depot. Land values increased and businesses in the area grew, and by 1888, Far Rockaway was a relatively large village.[3] It incorporated as a village on September 19 of that year.[5]

20th century to present

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". In 1898, the area was incorporated into the City of Greater New York and became part of Queens. The former Village Hall then served as a police precinct and magistrate's court until 1931. It was subsequently demolished to become a parking lot for FDNY Engine Companies 264 & 328 / Ladder Company 134.[6] The neighborhoods of Far Rockaway, Hammels, and Arverne in Queens tried to secede from the city several times. In 1915 and 1917, a bill approving secession passed in the legislature but was vetoed by the New York City mayor John Purroy Mitchel.[7] The area saw economic decline in World War I and again during the Great Depression. New apartment complexes were built in the neighborhood following World War II, but the construction of public housing and medical institutions again caused the reputation of Far Rockaway to decline in the 1960s.[8]

In September 2017, the New York City Council voted to rezone 23 blocks in the center of Far Rockaway,[9][10] after the New York City Planning Commission approved the rezoning.[11] The rezoning would allow as many as 3,100 residences to be built in the neighborhood, as well as community spaces and retail.[10] Following the rezoning, city officials approved 670 affordable apartments within the area in 2018.[12]

Demographics

File:NYC White Castle Rockaway.jpg
In 2005

Based on data from the 2010 United States census, the population of Far Rockaway was 50,058, a change of 1,714 (3.4%) from the 48,344 counted in 2000. Covering an area of Script error: No such module "convert"., the neighborhood had a population density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[13]

The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 25.5% (12,778) White, 44.7% (22,400) African American, 0.3% (175) Native American, 1.9% (931) Asian, 0.1% (44) Pacific Islander, 1% (504) from other races, and 1.7% (860) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.7% (12,366) of the population.[14]

Far Rockaway is a diverse neighborhood[15] with many immigrants from Jamaica, Guyana, and Guatemala, as well as Russia and Ukraine.[16] It also is home to a significant number of Orthodox Jews.

Points of interest

Bungalows

File:48th street rockaway.jpg
Looking east from Beach 48th Street at location of former bungalows cleared for a development project

The Far Rockaway Beach Bungalow Historic District recognizes an area with a distinct character. This and individual properties, such as the Russell Sage Memorial Church, Trinity Chapel, and United States Post Office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[17]

With its nearby beach, Far Rockaway attracted tourists and vacationers from the other boroughs. Bungalows were the homes of choice for many residents who lived in Far Rockaway. The railroad abandoned the Rockaway Beach Branch in 1950 because of the shift of many people to driving private cars. In addition, this destination had to compete with the many others that people were visiting by car and air travel, which created access to even more distant destinations and heightened competition for travel dollars.

As the neighborhood's heyday as a resort community declined in the 1950s, the city built substantial numbers of public housing developments to try to replace substandard housing after World War II. Bungalows and other residential housing were converted to year-round use for low-income residents. Some bungalows were used as public housing.[18][19] The 1970s New York City budget crisis had a negative effect on the provision of social services, and problems of poverty, unemployment and drug use increased in this area.[20]

In September 1984, residents founded the Beachside Bungalow Preservation Association to "improve the quality of the Far Rockaway community through preservation, education, and cultural programs".[21] The organization donated a collection of materials highlighting its history, correspondence, and activities to the Queens Library Archives in 2008.

Parks

Police and crime

Far Rockaway is patrolled by the NYPD's 101st Precinct, located at 16-12 Mott Avenue.[22] The 101st Precinct and the adjoining 100th Precinct, which serves the rest of the Rockaways, collectively ranked 10th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. However, the low-income and densely populated 101st Precinct has significantly more crime than the 100th Precinct, which is high-income and more insular.[23]

The 101st Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 74.6% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 6 murders, 26 rapes, 151 robberies, 301 felony assaults, 98 burglaries, 250 grand larcenies, and 31 grand larcenies auto in 2018.[24]

Fire safety

Far Rockaway is served by the New York City Fire Department (FDNY)'s Engine Cos. 264 and 328/Ladder Co. 134, located at 16-15 Central Avenue.[25][26]

Post office and ZIP Code

Far Rockaway is covered by ZIP Code 11691.[27] The United States Post Office operates the Far Rockaway Station at 18-36 Mott Avenue.[28]

Education

Schools

Public schools

The neighborhood, like all of New York City, is served by the New York City Department of Education. Far Rockaway residents are zoned to several different elementary schools:

  • P.S. 43[29]
  • P.S. 104 (The Bayswater School) (Kindergarten–6th grade)[30][31]
  • P.S. 105 (The Bay School)[32]
  • P.S. 106[33]
  • P.S. 197 (The Ocean School)[34]
  • P.S. 215 (W.A.V.E Prep)[35]
  • P.S. 253[36]

Far Rockaway residents are zoned to M.S. 53 Brian Piccolo.[37]

All New York City residents who wish to attend a public high school must apply to high schools. Far Rockaway High School was located in Far Rockaway,[30] but was shut down in 2011 as a stand-alone institution. During the administration of Mayor Michael Bloomberg in 2011, many large, underperforming, older traditional high schools were closed in the city. The 1929 building was renovated to operate as the Far Rockaway Educational Campus, home to a number of smaller, specialized academies that share the building. They can provide more individualized attention to their students. The former Beach Channel High School was similarly closed in 2014 and repurposed to house several smaller, specialized academies; it is in Rockaway Park, near Far Rockaway, and draws some of its students from Far Rockaway.

Library

Queens Public Library operates the Far Rockaway branch at 1637 Central Avenue.[38] The library replaced another one that was also located on Central Avenue. In 2013, New York magazine reported that the city planned to construct a public library in the neighborhood, to be designed by the internationally known architectural firm Snøhetta.[39] Construction started in November 2018,[40] and the new library opened in July 2024 at a cost of $39 million.[41][42] The current building is Script error: No such module "convert". across two stories, with a glass facade and a blue roof that collects rainwater;[42] the color of the facade is an allusion to the color of the ocean.[43] The building's facade includes the artwork Style Writing by José Parlá, while the second floor has the artwork Feynman Code by Pablo Helguera.[44]

Jewish institutions

During the early and mid-20th century, many Jewish immigrants and their working-class descendants settled in Far Rockaway, sometimes first as summer visitors. They founded numerous synagogues and private schools, including those devoted to all-boys or all-girls institutions for educating Orthodox children. Following World War II, as residential housing was developed in Nassau and later Suffolk counties, many Jewish families left the Rockaways for newer housing. According to The New York Times, Far Rockaway had "flourished in the 1940s but withered...1960s" until "a few Jewish families...started the Hebrew Free Loan Society for new home buyers."[45]

Synagogues include Congregation Kneseth Israel in Far Rockaway (The White Shul), which was founded in 1922. Schools include Sh'or Yoshuv Institute of Jewish Studies/Sh'or Yoshuv Yeshiva, Yeshiva Darchei Torah and the Yeshiva of Far Rockaway.

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Transportation

File:Far Rockaway viaduct jeh.JPG
Elevated subway viaduct

Far Rockaway is served by the following transportation services:

Notable people

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Notes

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  1. ↑ See New Amsterdam

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References

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  1. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  2. ↑ Henry L. Schoolcraft, "The Capture of New Amsterdam", English Historical Review (1907). Vol. 22 #88, pp 674–693 JSTOR 550138
  3. ↑ a b c d e * "Rockaway... 'place of waters bright'" Template:Webarchive, rockawave.com. Accessed March 16, 2015.
  4. ↑ Template:Cite encnyc, p. 120.
  5. ↑ Documents of the Senate of the State of New York, Volume 8, p. 9. New Jersey Legislature, 1913. Accessed July 26, 2016.
  6. ↑ Kadinsky, Sergey Far Rockaway Village Forgotten NY October 8, 2023
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Table PL-P5 NTA: Total Population and Persons Per Acre - New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010 Template:Webarchive, Population Division - New York City Department of City Planning, February 2012. Accessed June 16, 2016.
  14. ↑ Table PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin - New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010 Template:Webarchive, Population Division - New York City Department of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016.
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  51. ↑ Also known as Young Israel of Wavecrest/Bayswater Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  62. ↑ a b Template:Cite NYC bus map
  63. ↑ "Nisson Alpert, 58, a Scholar At Rabbi Elchanan Seminary", The New York Times, May 29, 1986. Accessed March 7, 2024. "Prof. Nisson Alpert, a noted rabbinical scholar at the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary, an affiliate of Yeshiva University, died of cancer Monday at his daughter's home in Queens. He was 58 years old and lived in Far Rockaway, Queens."
  64. ↑ Khaleel M. Anderson: Biography Template:Webarchive, New York State Assembly. Accessed January 7, 2024. "Assembly Member Anderson is the youngest Black Assembly Member in New York State history. Anderson lives in Far Rockaway, New York."
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  66. ↑ a b c "The Best Queens Celebrities 2002", Queens Tribune. Accessed November 25, 2015.
  67. ↑ "New York +Boruch Dayan Emmes: Rav Avrohom Blumenkrantz Z”L+" Template:Webarchive, Vos Iz Neias?, February 23, 2007. Accessed January 7, 2024. "The revered Posik and tzaddik, Rabbi Avrohom Blumenkrantz of Far Rockaway, NY, has passed away this afternoon from diabetic complications."
  68. ↑ "Albert J. Brackley; Former Assemblyman Headed Far Rockaway Democratic Club" Template:Webarchive, The New York Times, December 15, 1937. Accessed January 7, 2024. "Former Assemblyman Albert J. Brackley, president of the Far Rockaway Regular Democratic Club, died on Monday night of a heart ailment in his home, 1293 Brunswick Avenue, Far Rockaway."
  69. ↑ Steinbach, Alice. "Steven Brill plans to bring the O.J. Simpson trial to the small screen; Courting TV" Template:Webarchive, The Baltimore Sun, September 25, 1994. Accessed April 8, 2021. "So. How does a kid from the Far Rockaway section of Queens, N.Y., wind up running a mini-empire? In Steven Brill's case it was all because of a broken kneecap."
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  71. ↑ "Joseph Cassidy Of Queens Dies; Stricken With Apoplexy at Club, Ex-Leader Expires on Reaching His Home. Twice Borough President One of the Last of the City's Old-Time Political 'Bosses'-Was Long Under Fire.", The New York Times, November 22, 1920. Accessed January 7, 2024. "Joseph Cassidy, former borough President of Queens, and for many years Democratic "boss" of that borough, died suddenly of apoplexy yesterday afternoon at 5 o'clock at his home in Carlton Avenue, in the Hollywood Park district of Far Rockaway."
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  73. ↑ Golianopoulos, Thomas. "The Bridge Is Over; The Queensbridge Houses were once at the center of the rap universe. What happened to hip-hop's most storied housing project?" Template:Webarchive, Complex (magazine), November 25, 2014. Accessed July 16, 2017. "Born Cory McKay in Brooklyn, Cormega moved at an early age from Bedford-Stuyvesant to Co-Op City in the Bronx where he lived on a 22nd floor apartment with a balcony. Life was good until his father discovered crack cocaine. Mega moved to Far Rockaway, Queens, and then he began dealing drugs in Brooklyn."
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  75. ↑ Creekmur, Chuck. "Father MC Talks Launching Mary J. Blige & Jodeci, BET, His Career With Diddy & Andre Harrell" Template:Webarchive, AllHipHop, April 13, 2021. Accessed February 12, 2023. "One of those talents was Father MC, the Brooklyn-born, Far Rockaway-bred lyricist."
  76. ↑ Costello, Brian. "Jets land Far Rockaway native in sixth round", New York Post, April 28, 2018. Accessed October 9, 2018. "Gang Green picked defensive lineman Folorunso “Foley” Fatukasi in the sixth round, the 180th-overall pick. Fatukasi grew up in Far Rockaway and played at Beach Channel High School."
  77. ↑ Schwach, Ryan. "Rockaway Kid, Olakunle Fatukasi makes NFL Roster", The Wave, September 9, 2022. Accessed May 5, 2025. "Rockaway native Olakunle Fatukasi, who attended Scholars’ Academy before Grand Street Campus to play football, is the only undrafted player to get signed to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers regular season roster."
  78. ↑ "Scientist Solved Mysteries of the Sun and Magnetic Fields Joan Feynman, sister of a Nobel laureate, made her own mark in physics despite her mother’s doubts" Template:Webarchive, The Wall Street Journal, September 18, 2020. Accessed March 19, 2021. "Joan Feynman was born on March 30, 1927, and grew up in the Far Rockaway section of Queens."
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  80. ↑ Markus, Don. "Gaithers 29 spark FDU win" Template:Webarchive, The Record, December 22, 1983. Accessed November 19, 2020. "Marcus Gaither recently became Fairleigh Dickinson's all-time leading scorer, but the achievement was overshadowed by the confusion the 6-foot-5, 200-pound guard was going through.... A shift to point guard, because of an injury to teammate Freddie Collins, made things even more unsettling for the senior from Far Rockaway, N.Y."
  81. ↑ Don Lee, "About Mary Gordon: A Profile"Template:Webarchive, Ploughshares, Issue 73 |Fall 1997; accessed August 14, 2018
  82. ↑ Genzlinger, Neil. "Margo Guryan, Whose Album Drew Belated Acclaim, Dies at 84", The New York Times, November 24, 2021. Accessed March 7, 2024. "Margo Guryan was born on Sept. 20, 1937, in Hempstead, N.Y., on Long Island, and grew up in the Far Rockaway section of Queens."
  83. ↑ Ginsburg, Elisabeth. "A Well-Traveled Ecologist", The New York Times, November 10, 2002. Accessed March 7, 2024. "As an urban ecologist, Steven N. Handel has traveled from a former landfill near Thoreau's Walden Pond to West Virginia strip mines, but he always returns to the Garden State.... Mr. Handel, who grew up in Far Rockaway, was a 'nature-loving kid,' he says."
  84. ↑ Martin, Douglas. "Zander Hollander, Sports Trivia Shepherd, Dies at 91", The New York Times, April 14, 2014. Accessed March 7, 2024. "Alexander Hollander was born in Brooklyn on March 24, 1923, and grew up in Far Rockaway, Queens."
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  87. ↑ Gustines, George Gene. "At 99, Al Jaffee Says Goodbye to Mad Magazine As a send-off for the cartoonist, the satirical publication has prepared an all-Jaffee issue that includes his final Fold-In." Template:Webarchive, The New York Times, June 15, 2020. Accessed June 15, 2020. "In 1933, Mr. Jaffee’s father brought Al and two of his brothers back to America for good. The family lived in Far Rockaway, N.Y."
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  97. ↑ Tomasson, Robert E. "Phil Ochs a Suicide at 35; Singer of Peace Movement" Template:Webarchive, The New York Times, April 10, 1976. Accessed March 19, 2021. "Mr. Ochs was born in El Paso. His father, a doctor, moved the family to upstate New York when Phil was a few years old. When he was a teen‐ager, the family moved to Far Rockaway."
  98. ↑ Goff, Steven. "George Mason basketball: Ryan Pearson is scarred but not slowed by childhood accident", The Washington Post, February 4, 2011. Accessed February 12, 2023. "'It's a challenge for him every day,' George Mason Coach Jim Larranaga said. 'Whatever obstacles he has had to overcome, he has done it. He has found a way.' The obstacles formed in Far Rockaway, N.Y., a rough area of Queens pinched between John F. Kennedy International Airport, Jamaica Bay and the Atlantic Ocean."
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  103. ↑ Brenson, Michael. "An Idiosyncratic Expert Redraws Rembrandt" Template:Webarchive, The New York Times, February 28, 1987. Accessed May 5, 2022. "Gary Schwartz was born in Brooklyn in 1940. His mother was Hungarian; his father, who worked in and eventually took over his father's sweater factory, was of Polish origin. The family moved to Far Rockaway when he was 12."
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External links

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