1,1-Dichloroethane
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| Template:Longitem | C2H4Cl2 |
| Molar mass | 98.96 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless, oily liquid[1] |
| Odor | chloroform-like[1] |
| Density | 1.2 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Boiling point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Vapor pressure | 182 mmHg (20°C)[1] |
| Template:Longitem | −57.4·10−6 cm3/mol |
| Flash point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Explosive limits | 5.4–11.4%[1] |
| Template:Longitem | 1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride); *1,1-Dichloroethene |
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1,1-Dichloroethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless oily liquid with a chloroform-like odor. It is not easily soluble in water, but miscible with most organic solvents.
Large volumes of 1,1-dichloroethane are manufactured, with annual production exceeding 1 million pounds in the United States. It is mainly used as a feedstock in chemical synthesis, chiefly of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. It is also used as a solvent for plastics, oils and fats, as a degreaser, as a fumigant in insecticide sprays, in halon fire extinguishers, and in cementing of rubber. It is used in manufacturing of high-vacuum resistant rubber and for extraction of temperature-sensitive substances. Thermal cracking at 400–500 °C and 10 MPa yields vinyl chloride. In the past, 1,1-dichloroethane was used as a surgical inhalational anesthetic.
Safety
1,1-dichloroethane has been on the California Proposition 65 list of known carcinogens since 1990.[2]
In the atmosphere, 1,1-dichloroethane decomposes with half-life of 62 days, chiefly by reaction of photolytically produced hydroxyl radicals.