Eurovision Song Contest 1997

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Template:Short description Template:Good article Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox song contest The Eurovision Song Contest 1997 was the 42nd edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 3 May 1997 at the Point Theatre in Dublin, Ireland. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Script error: No such module "Lang". (RTÉ) and presented by Carrie Crowley and Ronan Keating, the contest was held in Ireland following the country's victory at the Template:Escyr with the song "The Voice" by Eimear Quinn. The 1997 contest was the seventh – and to date last – edition to be staged in Ireland, as well as the fourth to be produced by RTÉ in five years. The Point Theatre served as the host venue for the third time, following the Template:Escyr and Template:Escyr contests, becoming the only venue to have been the site of three Eurovision Song Contests.

Twenty-five countries participated in the contest, with a new relegation system introduced to determine which nations could participate, based on each country's average points total in previous contests. Template:Esccnty made its first appearance since Template:Escyr, and Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty returned after last competing in Template:Escyr, having been prevented from competing the previous year after failing to progress from that event's qualifying round. Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty, participants in the previous year's contest, were unable to return after being excluded by the new relegation rules.

The winner was the Template:Esccnty with the song "Love Shine a Light", written by Kimberley Rew and performed by Katrina and the Waves. Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, and Template:Esccnty rounded out the top five, with Ireland earning their fifth placing in the top two within six years and Turkey and Cyprus achieving their best results to date. Five of the competing countries used televoting to determine their points, allowing the general viewing public a say in the results for the first time; following this successful trial all countries were encouraged to use this system starting from the Template:Escyr. Entries were also permitted for the first time to feature no live music accompaniment, with each performance being able to use only a backing track rather than utilising any part of the orchestra or any live instrumentation from the performers themselves.

The 1997 event would prove to be a watershed for the contest, with many aspects of this event leaving a lasting impact on future editions of Eurovision. These included: the first openly LGBT artist, Iceland's Paul Oscar, selected to compete in the event; changes to contest rules led to the abandonment of live musical accompaniment in future events; a successful trial of televoting in five countries led to widespread adoption for all countries in 1998.

Location

File:3 Arena Front.JPG
Point Theatre, Dublin – host venue of the 1997 contest (pictured following redevelopment)

The 1997 contest took place in Dublin, Ireland, following the country's victory at the Template:Escyr with the song "The Voice", performed by Eimear Quinn. It was the seventh time that Ireland had hosted the contest, having previously staged the event in Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr, and Template:Escyr, with all previous events held in Dublin except the 1993 contest which was held in Millstreet.[1] This was the fourth edition of the contest that Ireland had hosted within five years, and with this edition Ireland equalled the record for the nation which had staged the most contests, originally set by the United Kingdom in Template:Escyr.[2][3]Template:Sfn

Given the financial impact to staging the contest for a fourth time in five years, there was early speculation following their win in the 1996 contest that Script error: No such module "Lang". (RTÉ) might stage the event as a co-production with BBC Northern Ireland, however ultimately the Irish broadcaster decided to organise the event on its own once again.[3][4] The selected venue was the Point Theatre, a concert and events venue located amongst the Dublin Docklands which had originally been built as a train depot to serve the nearby port. Opened as a music venue in 1988, it was closed for redevelopment and expansion in 2008 and is now known as the 3Arena.[5][6] The venue had previously hosted the 1994 and 1995 contests, and with this staging it became the only venue to have hosted three Eurovision Song Contests.[3]Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn

Participants

Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Template:Interlanguage link info Template:ESC 1997 participants

File:Maarja-Liis Ilus2 (cropped).jpg
Maarja-Liis Ilus (pictured in 2006) represented Template:Esccnty in the contest for a second consecutive year.

Per the rules of the contest twenty-five countries were allowed to participate in the event.[7] Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, and Template:Esccnty made a return to the contest after failing to progress from the qualifying round in the previous year's contest, and Template:Esccnty returned after last competing Template:Esccnty. Conversely Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, and Template:Esccnty, participants in the 1996 contest, were relegated and prevented from participating in this year's event.[3]

Three representatives who had previously performed as lead artists in the contest competed again at this year's event. Two artists represented their country for a second consecutive year, with Şebnem Paker having represented Template:Esccnty, and Maarja-Liis Ilus, after having represented Template:Esccnty with Ivo Linna, competing as a solo artist. Alma Čardžić also made a second appearance in the contest, having previously represented Template:Esccnty.Template:Sfn Additionally, Tor Endresen and Bettina Soriat, representing Norway and Austria, respectively, in this year's event, had performed in previous contests as backing vocalist. Endresen had supported Template:Esccnty, and Soriat had supported Template:Esccnty.[8][9]

Template:Sticky header

Eurovision Song Contest 1997 participantsTemplate:Sfn[10]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
Template:Esc ORF Bettina Soriat "One Step" German Template:Hlist Template:N/A
Template:Esc RTVBiH Alma Čardžić "Goodbye" Bosnian Template:Hlist Sinan Alimanović
Template:Esc HRT E.N.I. "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Croatian Template:Hlist Template:N/A
Template:Esc CyBC Template:Ill and Template:Ill "Script error: No such module "Lang"." (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Greek Template:Ill Stavros Lantsias
Template:Esc DR Template:IllTemplate:Efn "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Danish Template:Hlist Template:Ill
Template:Esc ETV Maarja "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Estonian Template:Hlist Tarmo Leinatamm
Template:Esc Script error: No such module "Lang". Fanny "Script error: No such module "Lang"." French Template:Ill Régis Dupré
Template:Esc NDRTemplate:Efn Bianca Shomburg "Script error: No such module "Lang"." German Template:Hlist Template:N/A
Template:Esc ERT Marianna Zorba "Script error: No such module "Lang"." (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Greek Manolis Manouselis Anacreon Papageorgiou
Template:Esc MTV V.I.P. "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Hungarian Template:Hlist Template:Ill
Template:Esc RÚV Paul Oscar "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Icelandic Template:Hlist Template:Ill
Template:Esc RTÉ Marc Roberts "Mysterious Woman" English John Farry Template:N/A
Template:Esc RAI Jalisse "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Italian Template:Hlist Lucio Fabbri
Template:Esc PBS Template:Ill "Let Me Fly" English Ray Agius Ray Agius
Template:Esc NOS Mrs. Einstein "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Dutch Ed Hooijmans Dick Bakker
Template:Esc NRK Tor Endresen "San Francisco" Norwegian Template:Hlist Geir Langslet
Template:Esc TVP Anna Maria Jopek "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Polish Template:Hlist Krzesimir Dębski
Template:Esc RTP Template:Ill "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Portuguese Template:Hlist Thilo Krasmann
Template:Esc ORT Alla Pugacheva "Script error: No such module "Lang"." (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Russian Alla Pugacheva Rutger Gunnarsson
Template:Esc RTVSLO Tanja Ribič "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Slovene Template:Hlist Mojmir Sepe
Template:Esc TVE Marcos Llunas "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Spanish Marcos Llunas Toni Xuclà
Template:Esc SVT Template:Ill "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Swedish Stephan Berg Curt-Eric Holmquist
Template:Esc SRG SSR Template:Ill "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Italian Barbara Berta Pietro Damiani
Template:Esc TRT Şebnem Paker and Template:Ill "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Turkish Template:Hlist Levent Çoker
Template:Esc BBC Katrina and the Waves "Love Shine a Light" English Kimberley Rew Don Airey

Qualification

Due to the high number of countries wishing to enter the contest a relegation system was introduced in 1993 in order to reduce the number of countries which could compete in each year's contest. Any relegated countries would be able to return the following year, thus allowing all countries the opportunity to compete in at least one in every two editions.[11] The audio-only qualifying round used in 1996 had been poorly received among the competing countries, and so a new relegation system was introduced by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) for 1997 and future contests.[3]Template:Sfn The twenty-five participants in the 1997 contest were made up of the previous year's winning country and host nation Ireland, and the twenty-four countries which had the highest average points total over the preceding four contests.[12] In cases where the average was identical between two or more countries the total number of points scored in the most recent contest determined the final order. Any countries which were not able to compete in the 1997 contest would then be eligible to compete in the 1998 event.[7][12]

Belgium, Template:Esccnty, Finland, Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty and Slovakia were therefore excluded from participating in the 1997 contest;[12] however following Template:Esccnty's withdrawal due to the date of the final clashing with its Holocaust Remembrance Day, Bosnia and Herzegovina was subsequently provided a reprieve and allowed to participate.[3]Template:Sfn Template:Esccnty was also excluded due to their failure to progress through the qualifying round in 1996.[13] The calculations used to determine the countries relegated for the 1997 contest are outlined in the table below.

Table key

<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />

  Qualifier

<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />

Template:If empty Automatic qualifier

Template:Sticky header

Calculation of average points to determine qualification for the 1997 contestTemplate:Efn
Rank Country Average Yearly Point Totals[14][15][16][17]
Template:Escyr Template:Escyr Template:Escyr Template:Escyr
1 Template:EscScript error: No such module "String".‡ 154.75 187 226 44 162
2 Template:Esc 114.50 120 76 148 114
3 Template:Esc 95.00 164 63 76 77
4 Template:Esc 84.25 89 48 100 100
5 Template:Esc 77.50 69 97 76 68
6 Template:Esc 76.75 121 74 94 18
7 Template:Esc 70.67 166 15 31
8 Template:Esc 62.50 Template:N/A 122 3 Template:N/A
9 Template:Esc 61.75 31 27 91 98
10 Template:Esc 61.67 148 15 Template:N/A 22
11 Template:Esc 58.00 92 4 Template:N/A 78
12 Template:Esc 57.50 60 73 5 92
13 Template:Esc 54.75 17 51 79 72
14 Template:Esc 53.00 64 44 68 36
15 Template:Esc 52.75 58 17 119 17
16 Template:Esc 50.50 9 Template:N/A 92 Template:N/A
17 Template:Esc 49.00 18 128 1 Template:N/A
18 Template:Esc 48.00 Template:N/A 2 Template:N/A 94
19 Template:Esc 46.50 32 19 67 68
20 Template:Esc 45.00 45
21 Template:Esc 43.50 70 17 Template:N/A
22 Template:Esc 43.25 42 49 31 51
23 Template:EscTemplate:Efn 42.50 4 Template:N/A 81 Template:N/A
24 Template:Esc 36.33 9 Template:N/A 84 16
25 Template:Esc 29.33 10 Template:N/A 21 57
26 Template:EscTemplate:Efn 23.25 27 39 14 13
27 Template:Esc 17.00 Template:N/A 15 Template:N/A 19
28 Template:Esc 14.00 Template:N/A 14 Template:N/A Template:N/A
29 Template:Esc 13.33 20 11 Template:N/A 9
30Template:Efn Template:Esc 11.00 3 Template:N/A 8 22
31Template:Efn Template:Esc 11.00 11 Template:N/A
32 Template:Esc 0.00 0 Template:N/A
– Template:Esc –Template:Efn Template:N/A

Production

File:RonanKeating.jpg
Ronan Keating (pictured in 2002) served as co-presenter of the 1997 contest and performed during the interval act as lead singer of Boyzone.

The Eurovision Song Contest 1997 was produced by the Irish public broadcaster Script error: No such module "Lang". (RTÉ). Noel Curran served as executive producer, Ian McGarry served as director, Paula Farrell and John Casey served as designers, and Frank McNamara served as musical director, leading the RTÉ Concert Orchestra.[18][19]Template:Sfn On behalf of the contest organisers, the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the event was overseen by Marie-Claire Vionnet as scrutineer.[3][20]Template:Sfn

Rehearsals in the contest venue for the competing acts began on 28 April 1997. Each country had two technical rehearsals in the week approaching the contest, with countries rehearsing in the order in which they would perform. The first rehearsals took place on 28 and 29 April, with each country allowed 40 minutes total on stage followed by a 20-minute press conference, followed by the second rehearsals on 30 April and 1 May lasting 30 minutes.Template:Sfn[21][22][23][24] Times were also arranged during the week for the artists to be recorded in the RTÉ studios, with footage used during the postcards between each song.Template:Sfn Three dress rehearsals were held on 2 and 3 May, with an audience in attendance during the evening dress rehearsal on 2 May. The final dress rehearsal on 3 May was also recorded for use as a production stand-by in case of problems during the live contest.Template:Sfn A tight security presence was felt during the rehearsal week; emergency drills were held by Script error: No such module "Lang"., including evacuations of the Point Theatre, as a precaution against potential disruption from loyalist paramilitaries as part of the wider sectarian conflict in Northern Ireland.[4][25]

The Irish television and radio presenter Carrie Crowley and the Irish singer Ronan Keating were the presenters of the 1997 contest.[4][26] The trophy awarded to the winners was designed by Maura Whelan and Luc Racine, and was presented by the previous year's winning artist Eimear Quinn.[27]Template:Sfn

Format

Entries

Each participating broadcaster submitted one song, which was required to be no longer than three minutes in duration and performed in the language, or one of the languages, of the country which it represented. Short quotations from another language, no more than a single phrase repeated a maximum of three times, were permitted. A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance, and all participants were required to have reached the age of 16 in the year of the contest.[28] Each entry could utilise all or part of the live orchestra and could use instrumental-only backing tracks. This was the first time that a competing song could be accompanied entirely with a backing track following a change to the contest rules, with the previous rules stating that any backing tracks used could only include the sound of instruments featured on stage being mimed by the performers.Template:Sfn[4] For those countries which opted to utilise the orchestra a separate musical director could be nominated to lead the orchestra during their performance, with the host musical director, Frank McNamara, also available to conduct for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[28]Template:Sfn The entries from Austria, Croatia, Germany and Ireland were performed entirely without live orchestration.Template:Sfn

Selected entries were not permitted to be released commercially until after 3 February 1997 and after having been selected for the contest.[7] Each country's participating broadcaster was required to have selected their entry by 10 March, and all entries had to be submitted to the contest organisers by 19 March, including the score of the song for use by the orchestra, a sound recording of the entry and backing track for use during the contest, and the text of the song lyrics in its original language and translations in French and English for distribution to the participating broadcasters, their commentators and juries.[28]

Following the confirmation of the twenty-five competing countries, the draw to determine the running order was held on 28 November 1996.[7]

Voting procedure

Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". The results of the 1997 contest were determined through the same scoring system as had first been introduced in Template:Escyr: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry.[29][30] The points awarded by the majority of countries were determined by an assembled jury of sixteen individuals, which was required to be split evenly between members of the public and music professionals, comprised additionally of an equal number of men and women, and below and above 30 years of age. Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and ten votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing; if a tie still remained, the youngest jury member would have the deciding vote.[30]

For the first time however, as part of a trial held by the contest organisers, televoting was used to determine the points from five of the participating countries.[4][29] In these countries viewers had a total of five minutes to register their vote by calling one of twenty-four different telephone numbers to represent the twenty-five competing entries except that which represented their own country. Once the voting phone lines were opened following the performance of the last competing entry, a video recap containing short clips of each competing entry with the accompanying phone number for voting was shown in order to aid viewers during the voting window.[31] In those countries which opted to use televoting to determine their points a jury was still required which would function as a back-up in case technical failure prevented the televote results from being used. The composition of the back-up juries in these countries was identical to the juries in the other countries with regards to profession, gender and age.Template:Sfn

Contest overview

File:Katrina Leskanich (2014).jpg
Katrina Leskanich (pictured in 2014), lead singer of the 1997 winning performers Katrina and the Waves

The contest took place on 3 May 1997 at 20:00 (IST) and lasted 3 hours and 11 minutes.Template:Sfn[32]

The show was opened by good luck messages from past Eurovision winners and hosts to the contestants in the contest, and short interviews with previous contestants also featured preceding some of the postcards between the entries.Template:Sfn[31] Irish boy band Boyzone, with co-presenter Keating as a member, featured as part of the show's interval act, performing the song "Let the Message Run Free".[4]

The winner was the Template:Esccnty represented by the song "Love Shine a Light", composed by Kimberley Rew and performed by Katrina and the Waves.[33] This was the United Kingdom's fifth contest winTemplate:Sndtheir first in sixteen yearsTemplate:Sndfollowing victories in Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr and Template:Escyr. As of Template:Escyr, this is the last winning UK Eurovision entry.[34] Ireland's second-place finish earned them their fifth placing in the top two within six years, while Turkey and Cyprus achieved their highest placings yet by finishing third and fifth respectively.[4][35][36] Norway meanwhile finished in last place for the eighth time and received their fourth nul points.[4][37] Following this contest Template:Esccnty's RAI declined to participate in future events and an Italian entry would not participate in the Eurovision Song Contest for 14 years, until their return at the Template:Escyr.[38][39]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1997Template:Sfn[40]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 98 5
2 Template:Esc Template:Sortname and Grup Ethnic "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 121 3
3 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "San Francisco" 0 24
4 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "One Step" 12 21
5 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Mysterious Woman" 157 2
6 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 60 10
7 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 5 22
8 Template:Esc Mrs. Einstein "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 5 22
9 Template:Esc Jalisse "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 114 4
10 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 96 6
11 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 22 18
12 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 54 11
13 Template:Esc Maarja "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 82 8
14 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Goodbye" 22 18
15 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 0 24
16 Template:Esc Blond "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 36 14
17 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 39 12
18 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Let Me Fly" 66 9
19 Template:Esc V.I.P. "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 39 12
20 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 33 15
21 Template:Esc Kølig KajTemplate:Efn "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 25 16
22 Template:Esc Fanny "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 95 7
23 Template:Esc E.N.I. "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 24 17
24 Template:Esc Katrina and the Waves "Love Shine a Light" 227 1
25 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 18 20

Spokespersons

File:MarieMyriam.jpg
Marie Myriam (pictured in 2007), winner of the Template:Escyr, was one of the French spokespersons at this event.[41]

Each participating broadcaster appointed a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for its respective country.[30][42] As had been the case since the Template:Escyr, the spokespersons were connected via satellite and appeared in vision during the broadcast.[43] Spokespersons at the 1997 contest are listed below.[31]

Template:Div col

  1. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndMarios Skordis
  2. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndÖmer Önder
  3. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndRagnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft
  4. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill
  5. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndEileen Dunne[44]
  6. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill[45]
  7. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill
  8. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndCorry Brokken
  9. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill
  10. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndBelén Fernández de Henestrosa
  11. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndChristina Mänz
  12. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill[46]
  13. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndHelene Tedre[47]
  14. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndSegmedina Srna
  15. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndCristina Rocha
  16. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndGösta HansonTemplate:Sfn
  17. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndNiki Venega
  18. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndAnna Bonanno
  19. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill[48]
  20. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndArina Sharapova[49]
  21. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill
  22. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill and Marie Myriam
  23. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndTemplate:Ill
  24. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndColin BerryTemplate:Sfn
  25. Template:FlaguTemplate:SndSvanhildur Konráðsdóttir

Template:Div col end

Detailed voting results

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by most countries, with televoting used in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden and the United Kingdom.[3][12]Template:Sfn The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order.[30][31] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1997Template:Sfn[50][51]
Voting procedure used:
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  100% jury vote
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  100% televoting
 scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header
rowspan="25" Template:Vert header Cyprus 98 2 3 4 4 10 4 10 5 1 3 12 7 1 7 4 4 5 12
Turkey 121 7 2 6 2 7 12 12 6 12 5 6 7 10 6 4 6 4 7
Norway 0
Austria 12 3 1 5 3
Ireland 157 8 6 3 10 1 7 4 10 6 8 7 8 8 10 10 8 5 10 10 6 12
Slovenia 60 2 10 2 4 7 4 3 5 10 7 3 3
Switzerland 5 2 3
Netherlands 5 1 4
Italy 114 6 5 1 1 10 10 7 8 4 8 6 12 3 5 3 7 4 10 3 1
Spain 96 10 4 6 5 8 6 3 2 4 8 6 12 10 8 2 2
Germany 22 3 5 5 3 1 5
Poland 54 4 8 7 1 1 2 6 3 4 2 1 7 5 3
Estonia 82 1 6 8 3 12 4 7 6 1 1 1 4 8 8 10 2
Bosnia and Herzegovina 22 8 4 2 3 4 1
Portugal 0
Sweden 36 8 5 6 6 7 4
Greece 39 12 5 7 6 2 7
Malta 66 5 12 10 7 6 1 5 8 3 1 8
Hungary 39 3 4 5 5 2 5 2 8 5
Russia 33 1 5 12 8 7
Denmark 25 7 1 7 2 2 6
France 95 3 2 12 10 2 3 5 12 12 3 6 2 4 2 6 1 10
Croatia 24 4 1 3 2 5 8 1
United Kingdom 227 7 7 6 12 12 8 12 12 8 5 10 10 10 10 7 12 10 1 12 12 12 12 12 8
Iceland 18 2 2 8 6

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another. The winning country is shown in bold. The United Kingdom received the maximum score of 12 points from ten countries, with France and Turkey receiving three sets of 12 points each, Cyprus receiving two sets of 12 points, and Estonia, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Russia and Spain each receiving one maximum score.[50][51]

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the Eurovision Song Contest 1997[50][51]
N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
10 Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc
3 Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc
2 Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc
1 Template:Esc Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest live and in full via television.[52] Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants"; any passive countries wishing to participate in the following year's event were also required to provide a live broadcast of the contest or a deferred broadcast within 24 hours.[32] Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers. These commentators were typically sent to the venue to report on the event, and were able to provide commentary from small booths constructed at the back of the venue.[53][54] An estimated audience of 300 million viewers was reported.[55]

Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators, are shown in the tables below:

Template:Sticky header

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Template:Refh
Template:Flagu ORF ORF 1 Ernst Grissemann [56][57]
FM4 Stermann & Grissemann [58]
Template:Flagu HRT HRT1 Aleksandar Kostadinov [59][60]
Template:Flagu CyBC RIK 1 Evi Papamichail [61][62]
Template:Flagu DR DR1 Template:Ill [63]
DR P3 Katrine Nyland Sørensen and Morten H. Pankoke
Template:Flagu ETV Template:N/A [64]
ER Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:N/A
Template:Flagu Script error: No such module "Lang". France 2 Olivier Minne [65]
Template:Flagu ARD Script error: No such module "Lang". Peter Urban [66]
Template:Flagu ERT ET1 Dafni Bokota [61]
Template:Flagu MTV MTV 1 István Vágó [48]
Template:Flagu RÚV Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang". Jakob Frímann Magnússon [67]
Template:Flagu RTÉ RTÉ One Pat Kenny [52][68]
RTÉ Radio 1 Larry Gogan [69]
Template:Flagu RAI Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Efn Template:Ill [70]
Template:Flagu NOS Script error: No such module "Lang". Willem van Beusekom [71]
Radio 2 Template:N/A
Template:Flagu NRK NRK1 Jostein Pedersen [72]
NRK P1 Template:Ill [72][73]
Template:Flagu TVP TVP1 Jan Wilkans [74][75]
PR Script error: No such module "Lang". Artur Orzech [75]
Template:Flagu RTP RTP1Template:Efn Template:N/A [76][77]
Template:Flagu ORT Philipp Kirkorov and Sergey Antipov [49][78]
Template:Flagu RTVSLO SLO 1 Template:N/A [79]
TV Koper-Capodistria Template:N/A
Val 202 Template:Ill
Template:Flagu TVE Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Efn José Luis Uribarri [80]
Template:Flagu SVT SVT2 Template:Ill [81]
SR SR P3 Claes-Johan Larsson and Susan Seidemar [82]
Template:Flagu SRG SSR Script error: No such module "Lang". Sandra Studer [56]
TSR Pierre Grandjean [76]
TSI Template:N/A
Template:Flagu TRT TRT 1Template:Efn Template:N/A [83]
Template:Flagu BBC BBC1Template:Efn Terry Wogan [84]
BBC Radio 2 Ken Bruce [85]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Template:Refh
Template:Flagu SBS SBS TVTemplate:Efn Template:N/A [86]
Template:Flagu BRTN TV1 André Vermeulen [87][88]
RTBF Script error: No such module "Lang". Jean-Pierre Hautier [66]
Template:Flagu BFBS BFBS TelevisionTemplate:Efn Terry Wogan [89]
Template:Flagu SvFTemplate:Efn Hans Otto Bisgaard [90]
Template:Flagu YLE TV1 Aki Sirkesalo and Olli Ahvenlahti [91][92]
Script error: No such module "Lang". Iris Mattila and Sanna Kojo
Template:Flagu KNR KNRTemplate:Efn Template:N/A [93]
Template:Flagu IBA Channel 1 Template:N/A [94]
Template:Flagu JRTV JTV2 Template:N/A [95]
Template:Flagu TVR TVR 1 Doina Caramzulescu and Costin Grigore [96]
Template:Flagu STV STV2Template:Efn Template:N/A [97]
Template:Flagdeco Yugoslavia RTS RTS 2 Template:N/A [98]

Other awards

Barbara Dex Award

The Barbara Dex Award was first organised for artists in this year's contest. The award, created by the fansite House of Eurovision, was awarded to the performer deemed to have been the "worst dressed" among the participants.[99][100] The winner in 1997 was Malta's representative, Template:Ill (as determined by the founders of the House of Eurovision site, Edwin van Thillo and Rob Paardekam).[101][102][103]

Legacy

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File:Pall-oskar.jpg
Template:Esccnty's Paul Oscar was the first openly LGBT artist to compete at Eurovision

The Eurovision Song Contest has long held a fandom within the LGBT community, however it was not until the 1997 event that an openly LGBT artist was selected to compete in the event. Template:Esccnty's Paul Oscar was the first openly gay man to compete as a lead artist in Eurovision.[104][105] Paul Oscar's participation, as well as changing attitudes to homosexuality in Europe in the following years, marked the beginning of wider visibility of LGBT artists and themes; the Template:Escyr provided the first trans participant in Israel's Dana International, Template:Escyr saw Template:Esccnty's Script error: No such module "Lang". become the first competing artists to perform in drag,Template:Efn and the Template:Escyr contained the first display of same-sex affection on stage through a kiss between the two male members of the Israeli band PingPong.[105][106][107] Since the 1997 contest many openly LGBT artists have competed in the contest, including several winners, among them Dana International, Template:Esccnty's Conchita Wurst in Template:Escyr, and the Template:Esccnty' Duncan Laurence in Template:Escyr.[108] Paul Oscar's contest performance, which featured four female backing dancers dressed in black latex clothing and sexually suggestive choreography, pushed the boundaries for sexual expression on the Eurovision stage for the first time.Template:Sfn[109]

The changes in the rules regarding the use of orchestra for this contest would eventually lead to the complete abandonment of live musical accompaniment in the Eurovision Song Contest. Ahead of the Template:Escyr the rules were modified again to make the procurement of an orchestra an optional component to staging the event, with that year's event becoming the first to have all competing entries performed to pre-recorded backing tracks.[110] The rules of the contest have since been modified further, and no live musical accompaniment is now allowed for any competing entries.Template:Sfn[111] The abolishment of the orchestra proved controversial among some circles, with three-time, former Eurovision winner Johnny Logan referring to the modified event as "karaoke" in 2000.[112]

The introduction of televoting to the contest followed several years of successive Irish wins, with the national juries typically voting for more traditional, middle-of-the-road songs than those that represented the wider tastes of the general public, as was the case in 1996 when Eimear Quinn's "The Voice" was victorious over more modern entries such as Gina G's "Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit", which represented the United Kingdom at that year's event and would go on to receive a nomination for Best Dance Recording at the 1998 Grammy Awards.Template:Sfn[113][114] The successful trial of televoting in five countries led to widespread adoption for all countries in 1998, and public voting continues to play a part in determining the result of the contest to the present day.[3][111] The widespread use of televoting in the following years would however lead to accusations of greater political bias and "bloc voting", with the perception that neighbouring countries swap points and large diasporas are able to vote en masse for their native countries, skewing the results in their favour.[115][116][117] Controversy over the perceived unfairness of the voting system reached a head in Template:Escyr, when the public vote largely rewarded the entries from Eastern European countries over those from Western Europe.[118][119] The EBU would ultimately make changes to mitigate the impact of neighbourly voting by splitting countries by geographical location and voting history in the semi-finals from Template:Escyr and re-introducing juries to account for 50% of each country's points in Template:Escyr.[120][121][122]

Notes and references

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

Template:Reflist

Bibliography

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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Eurovision Song Contest 1997 Template:Eurovision Song Contest

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  7. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  75. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  120. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  122. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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