Glasgow Airport
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English Template:Infobox airport
Glasgow Airport, also known as Glasgow International Airport (Template:Comma separated entries) and formerly Abbotsinch Airport, is an international airport located in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, Template:Convert west[2] of Glasgow city centre. In 2019 it handled 8.84 million passengers, an 8.4 per cent annual decrease, making it the second-busiest in Scotland, after Edinburgh Airport, and the ninth-busiest in the United Kingdom.
It is owned and operated by AGS Airports, which also owns and operates Aberdeen and Southampton airports. It was previously owned and operated by Heathrow Airport Holdings (formerly known as BAA).[3] Loganair are headquartered at the airport and have a maintenance hangar here. easyJet, Jet2.com and TUI Airways also use Glasgow as a hub.
It was opened in 1966 and originally flights only operated to other places in the UK and Europe. It began to offer flights to elsewhere — flights that previously used Glasgow Prestwick Airport, which was subsequently relegated as the city's secondary airport catering for Ryanair and freight operators.
History
The history of the present Glasgow Airport goes back to 1932, when the site at Abbotsinch, between the Black Cart Water and the White Cart Water, near Paisley in Renfrewshire, was opened. In 1933 the No. 602 Squadron RAuxAF (City of Glasgow) of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force moved its Westland Wapiti IIA aircraft from nearby Renfrew.[4] The RAF Station headquarters, however, was not formed until 1 July 1936 when 6 Auxiliary Group, Bomber Command, arrived.[4] From May 1939, until moving away in October 1939, the Squadron flew the Supermarine Spitfire.
1940–1960
In 1940 a torpedo training unit was formed, which trained both Royal Air Force and Royal Navy crews under RAF Coastal Command.[4] The Admiralty was granted a lodger facility for a RN Air Section at Royal Air Force Abbotsinch from 19 June 1940. The airbase was transferred from No. 19 Group RAF to the Admiralty on 11 August 1943, known as Royal Naval Air Station Abbotsinch, (or RNAS Abbotsinch). Its primary function was an Aircraft Maintenance Yard and Reserve Aircraft Storage and Salvage. On 20 September it was commissioned HMS Sanderling.[5] During the 1950s the airfield housed a large aircraft storage unit and squadrons of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.
The Royal Navy left in October 1963.[4] The name Sanderling was, however, retained as a link between the two: HMS SanderlingTemplate:'s ship's bell was presented to the new airport and a bar in the airport was named The Sanderling Bar.
The following squadrons were based at Glasgow Airport at some point:[6] Template:Columns-list
- Units
1960–1970
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In the 1960s Glasgow Corporation decided that a new airport for the city was required. The original site of Glasgow's main airport, Renfrew Airport, was Template:Convert east of the current airport, in what is now the Dean Park area of Renfrew. The original Art Deco terminal building of the original airport has not survived. The site is now occupied by a Tesco supermarket and the M8 motorway; this straight and level section of motorway occupies the site of the runway.[7]
Abbotsinch took over from Renfrew Airport on 2 May 1966.[4][7] Her Majesty's Government had already committed millions into rebuilding Glasgow Prestwick Airport fit for the "jet age". Nevertheless, the plan went forward and the new airport, designed by Basil Spence and built at a cost of £4.2 million, it was completed in 1966, with British European Airways beginning services using De Havilland Comet aircraft.
The first commercial flight to arrive was a British European Airways flight from Edinburgh, landing at 8 am on 2 May 1966.[8] The airport was officially opened on 27 June 1966 by Queen Elizabeth II. The political rows over Glasgow and Prestwick airports continued, with Prestwick enjoying a monopoly over transatlantic traffic (under the 1946 US-UK air transport agreement known as the Bermuda Agreement), while Glasgow Airport was only allowed to handle UK and intra-European traffic.
1970s–1990s
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In 1975 the BAA took ownership of Glasgow Airport. When BAA was privatised in the late 1980s, as BAA plc, it consolidated its airport portfolio and sold Prestwick Airport. BAA embarked on a massive redevelopment plan for Glasgow Airport in 1989.[9]
In the early 1990s Glasgow became the first UK airport, and one of the first in Europe (after Israel) to screen all baggage. Until this time, only 'high-risk' flights had their hand luggage and hold luggage checked. This was a result of the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 on 21 December 1988 over the Scottish town of Lockerbie.
An extended terminal building was created by building a pre-fabricated metal structure around the front of the original Basil Spence building, hence screening much of its distinctive Brutalist style architecture from view, with the void between the two structures joined by a glass atrium and walkway. Spence's original concrete facade which once looked onto Caledonia Road now fronts the check-in desks. The original building can be seen more clearly from the rear, with the mock barrel-vaulted roof visible when airside.
A dedicated international departure lounge and pier were added at the western side of the building, leaving the facility with a total of 38 gates, bringing its capacity up to nine million passengers per year.[10] In 2003 BAA completed redevelopment work on a satellite building (called "T2", formerly the St Andrews Building), to provide a dedicated check-in facility for low-cost airlines, principally Jet2.com.
By 1996 Glasgow was handling over 5.5 million passengers per year, making it the fourth-busiest in the UK.[11]
Post–2000
It serves a variety of destinations throughout Canada, Europe and the Middle East. The terminal consists of three piers; the West Pier, Central Pier and East Pier. The West Pier, commonly known as the International Pier, was built as part of the 1989 extension project and is the principal international and long haul departure point. All but two of the stands on this pier are equipped with airbridges. This pier has stands 27 - 36.[12] In 2019, the pier received the ability to facilitate the Airbus A380 following an £8Template:Nbspmillion upgrade.[13]
The Central Pier is part of the original 1966 building. The main user of the pier is British Airways, who tend to use the majority of its gates, with London shuttles (to Heathrow, Gatwick and London City) making up almost all its traffic. The British Airways lounge is located on this pier, across from gate 15. Aer Lingus, Loganair, Jet2.com and TUI Airways also operate from the central pier. Most of the stands on this pier are equipped with airbridges. This pier has stands 14–26.[12] The now defunct airlines Flybe and British Midland (bmi) were once major users of the Central Pier.
The East Pier, constructed in the mid-1970s, was originally used for international flights but in recent years has been re-developed for use by low-cost airlines. None of the stands on this pier are equipped with airbridges. The main users of this pier are easyJet and Loganair. In 2015, a £3Template:Nbspmillion extension was added to the pier, creating space for 750,000 extra passengers a year. This pier has stands 1Template:Ndash12.[12]
In late 2007[14] work commenced on Skyhub (located between Terminal 1 and Terminal 2)[15] which created a single, purpose-built security screening area in place of the previous individual facilities for each of the three piers, the other side effect being an enlarged duty-free shopping area created by taking most of the previous landside shopping and restaurant facilities airside. This new arrangement also frees up space in the departure lounges through the removal of the separate duty-free shops in the West and Central Piers. This however meant that the former public viewing areas of the apron are now airside, making the airport inaccessible to aviation enthusiasts and spectators.
Future growth is hampered by the airport's location, which is constrained by the M8 motorway to the south, the town of Renfrew to the east and the River Clyde to the north. At present the areas of Drumchapel, Clydebank, Bearsden, Foxbar, Faifley and Linwood all sit directly underneath the approach paths into the airport, meaning that further increases in traffic may be politically sensitive. The airport is challenged by Edinburgh Airport, which now serves a wider range of European destinations and has grown to overtake Glasgow as Scotland's busiest airport. The Scottish Government announced in 2002 that a rail line – known as the Glasgow Airport Rail Link (GARL) – would be built from Glasgow Central station to Glasgow Airport. The rail link was to be completed by 2012 with the first trains running early in 2013. In 2009, however, it was announced by the Scottish Government that the plan had been cancelled.[16]
Currently, the airport is easily accessible by road due with direct access to the adjoining M8 motorway. It is also served by a frequent bus service, the Glasgow Airport Express, which operates services to the city centre. The service is run by First Glasgow and all buses feature leather seats, USB charging ports and free WiFi. The airport is home to the Scottish regional airline Loganair, previously a Flybe franchise operator, who have their head office located on site.[17] British Airways has a maintenance hangar at the airport, capable of carrying out overhaul work on Airbus A320, as well as a cargo facility. The RAF also has a unit based within the airport – The Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde Air Squadron – to provide flying training to university students who plan to join the RAF.
In 2007 Glasgow became the second-busiest airport in Scotland as passenger numbers were surpassed by those at Edinburgh Airport.
2007 terrorist attack
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On 30 June 2007, a day after the failed car bomb attacks in London, an attack at Glasgow International Airport occurred. A flaming Jeep Cherokee was driven into the entrance of Main Terminal. Two men, one alight, fled the vehicle before being apprehended by a group of police officers, airport security officers and witnesses. One of the men died in the following months due to his injuries. New barriers and security measures have since been added.[18]
Airline expansion
Icelandair temporarily moved its base of operations from Keflavík International Airport to Glasgow due to the 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull.
On 10 April 2014 the airline Emirates operated an Airbus A380 to Glasgow to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the Glasgow–Dubai route, and was the first time an A380 had visited a Scottish airport.[19]
In July 2014 Emirates opened a dedicated lounge at the airport[20] for First and Business class passengers. It is located at the top of the West Pier. In October 2014 Heathrow Airport Holdings reached an agreement to sell the airport, together with Southampton and Aberdeen, to a consortium of Ferrovial and Macquarie Group for £1 billion.[21]
In 2017 easyJet became the first airline to carry more than one million passengers from the airport in a period of 12 months.[22]
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
The following airlines operate regular scheduled flights to and from Glasgow:[23] Template:Airport destination list
Cargo
Template:Airport destination list
General aviation
Gama aviation and air ambulance
The Scottish Air Ambulance Services (SAS) contract involves the provision of fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters in addition to the coordination and operational management of all flights.[24] This long-term contract resulted in the company investing in the development of new infrastructure at the airport, with the creation of the Scottish Specialist Transport and Retrieval (ScotSTAR) facility.[25]
Flying schools
Glasgow Airport is also the home of 2 flying schools, those being Glasgow Flying Club and Leading Edge Flight Training.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Future
Investment area
The Glasgow Airport Investment Area is a £39.1 million project to administer infrastructure and environmental improvements in the surrounding airport area to facilitate the development of a world-class business and commercial hub in the heart of Renfrewshire.[26]
Expansion plans
In 2005 BAA published a consultation paper[27] for the development of the airport. The consultation paper included proposals for a second runway parallel to and to the north-west of the existing runway 05/23; redevelopment and enlargement of the East (low-cost) pier to connect directly with Terminal 2; and an additional International Pier to the west of the existing International Pier. There were plans for a new rail terminal, joined to the airport's passenger terminal and Multistorey car park. On 29 November 2006 the Scottish Parliament gave the go-ahead for the new railway station as part of the Glasgow Airport Rail Link to Glasgow Central station, originally due for completion in 2011. However, on 17 September 2009 the rail link was cancelled as part of public spending cuts and escalating costs.[28][29][30][31]
BAA's plans, which are expected to cost some £290 million over the next 25 years, come in response to a forecasted trebling of annual passenger numbers passing through the airport by 2030. The current figure of 9.4 million passengers passing through the airport is expected to rise to more than 24 million by 2030.
As of late 2017, there are plans to build a light rail link that will connect the city centre to the airport via Govan, with plans already underway to begin construction of the project after the cancellation of the original Glasgow Airport Rail Link project.[32] Since then this plan has been implemented into the lager Clyde Metro project.
On 23 March 2025 AviAlliance announced that it would be investing £350 million across AGS Airports, with the majority being invested in Glasgow Airport. Plans include work to enable arriving aircraft to be turned around faster, expanding the airside part of the terminal beyond security to add more shops and places to eat and drink, the west end of the check-in hall to be expanded, along with the T2 check in area at the east end of the building. The three piers of aircraft boarding gates will be overhauled for the first time in 30 years. This work was due to commence in 2030, will now start in 2025 and is scheduled to be completed by 2027.[33][34]
Proposed rail/metro link
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Plans for a rail link from the airport to Glasgow Central railway station were proposed in the 2000s, shelved in 2009 and then resurrected Template:As of though progress towards the proposal has yet to come to fruition. In recent years a Larger scale plan known as Clyde Metro, currently in the planning stages aims to create a new metro system for the Glasgow city region which includes a link to the airport, the plan previously being proposed and led by Transport Scotland is now being developed by Strathclyde Partnership for Transport and is currently in the case for investment stage.[35]
Statistics
Annual traffic
| Passengers | Aircraft movements | Cargo (tonnes) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 6,965,500 | 104,929 | 8,545 |
| 2001 | 7,292,327 | 110,408 | 5,928 |
| 2002 | 7,803,627 | 104,393 | 5,041 |
| 2003 | 8,129,713 | 105,597 | 4,927 |
| 2004 | 8,575,039 | 107,885 | 8,122 |
| 2005 | 8,792,915 | 110,581 | 8,733 |
| 2006 | 8,848,755 | 110,034 | 6,289 |
| 2007 | 8,795,653 | 108,305 | 4,276 |
| 2008 | 8,178,891 | 100,087 | 3,546 |
| 2009 | 7,225,021 | 85,281 | 2,334 |
| 2010 | 6,548,865 | 77,755 | 2,914 |
| 2011 | 6,880,217 | 78,111 | 2,430 |
| 2012 | 7,157,859 | 80,472 | 9,497 |
| 2013 | 7,363,764 | 79,520 | 11,837 |
| 2014 | 7,715,988 | 84,000 | 15,411 |
| 2015 | 8,714,307 | 90,790 | 13,193 |
| 2016 | 9,327,193 | 98,217 | 12,921 |
| 2017 | 9,902,239 | 102,766 | 15,935 |
| 2018 | 9,698,862 | 97,157 | 15,466 |
| 2019 | 8,843,241 | 80,383 | 12,822 |
| 2020 | 1,944,981 | 34,715 | 6,601 |
| 2021 | 2,071,008 | 39,713 | 5,436 |
| 2022 | 6,516,029 | 70,391 | 6,618 |
| 2023 | 7,355,987 | 74,563 | 5,516 |
| Source: CAA Statistics[36] | |||
Busiest routes
| Rank | Destination | Passengers | Change 2023 to 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dublin | 502,426 | Increase 4% |
| 2 | Amsterdam | 426,271 | Increase 15% |
| 3 | Dubai | 337,167 | Increase 6% |
| 4 | Tenerife–South | 285,247 | Increase 17% |
| 5 | Alicante | 250,761 | Decrease 3% |
| 6 | Málaga | 241,226 | Increase 11% |
| 7 | Palma de Mallorca | 196,403 | Increase 17% |
| 8 | Paris-Charles de Gaulle | 186,391 | Increase 24% |
| 9 | Frankfurt | 154,431 | Increase 5% |
| 10 | Faro | 150,217 | Increase 20% |
| Source: CAA Statistics[37] | |||
| Rank | Destination | Passengers | Change 2023 to 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | London–Heathrow | 954,027 | Increase 11% |
| 2 | London–Gatwick | 456,002 | Decrease 2% |
| 3 | Belfast–International | 309,755 | Template:No change |
| 4 | Bristol | 292,172 | Decrease 1% |
| 5 | London–Luton | 255,095 | Increase 8% |
| 6 | London–Stansted | 225,110 | Decrease 2% |
| 7 | London–City | 208,405 | Template:No change |
| 8 | Birmingham | 163,188 | Template:No change |
| 9 | Belfast–City | 113,192 | Increase 9% |
| 10 | Southampton | 96,715 | Increase 11% |
| Source: CAA Statistics[37] | |||
Accidents and incidents
- A Norwegian Arado Ar 196A crashed near Glasgow in April 1940.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
- On 3 September 1999, a Cessna 404 carrying nine Airtours staff from Glasgow to Aberdeen on a transfer flight, crashed minutes after takeoff near the town of Linwood, Renfrewshire. Eight people were killed and three seriously injured. No one on the ground was hurt.[38] The Air Accident Investigation Branch determined the aircraft had developed an engine malfunction during takeoff. Although the captain decided to return to the airfield, he mistakenly identified the working engine as the faulty one and shut it down, causing the aircraft to crash.[39] A fatal accident inquiry was also held,[38] which reached the same conclusion.[40]
- On 30 June 2007, a group of extremists attacked the airport by ramming a Jeep Cherokee into the entrance of the main terminal which set the car on fire. There was some damage to the airport. One of the perpetrators died in hospital and the others were jailed.[41]
- In August 2019, two drunken United Airlines pilots tried to fly a plane but were stopped by local authorities. They were arrested for being drunk. The plane was to leave for New York City.[42]
Ground transport
Bus
The airport is linked to Glasgow City Centre by the Glasgow Airport Express service. This is run by First Glasgow under contract to Glasgow Airport. Started in 2011, the service runs direct via the M8 motorway having previously been operated by Arriva Scotland West under the name Glasgow Flyer.[43] McGill's Bus Services also operate service 757 linking the airport with Paisley, Erskine and Clydebank with this service previously being known as service 300 under Arriva Scotland West.[44]
In April 2025 Flixbus announced they would operate coach services from Aberdeen to Glasgow Airport via Dundee, Perth and Stirling[45]
Road
Glasgow Airport is the only airport in Scotland with direct motorway access, being right next to the M8 motorway making it extremely easy and simple to get to the city centre.
Rail
The closest railway station to the airport is Paisley Gilmour Street station with easy access for walking and cycling as well as a bus service 757 operated by McGill’s from the terminal to the station.[46]
References
Sources
- McCloskey, Keith. Glasgow's Airports: Renfrew and Abbotsinch. Stroud, Gloucestershire, UK: The History Press Ltd., 2009. Template:ISBN.
- Smith, David J. Action Stations, Volume 7: Military airfields of Scotland, the North-East and Northern Ireland. Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK: Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1983 Template:ISBN.
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External links
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Template:Portal bar Template:Transport in Glasgow Template:Airports in Scotland Template:Airports in the United Kingdom Template:Renfrewshire Template:Royal Naval Air Stations
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