Banksia anatona
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Banksia anatona, commonly known as the cactus dryandra,[1] is a flowering plant in the family, Proteaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a tall, spindly shrub with unusually large fruiting follicles. It is only known from a single location and has been classified as Critically Endangered nationally under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.[1] The only known population is in danger of extinction from dieback disease.
Description
Banksia anatona is a shrub with a single stem and short side branches, sometimes growing to a height of Script error: No such module "convert".. Unlike many others in the Banksia genus, it does not have a lignotuber. The branches are covered with a layer of matted hairs. The leaves are wedge-shaped with the narrow end towards the base, have a hairy stalk Script error: No such module "convert". long and a leaf blade Script error: No such module "convert". long and Script error: No such module "convert". wide. The upper surface of the leaf blade is hairy at first, but becomes glabrous with age and the lower surface is covered with a layer of matted hairs. The leaf surface is wavy and there are 10 to 12 serrations on each side.[2][3][4]
The flower spike develops on the ends of the main branch or on the side branches and is composed of about 170 individual flowers. The pollen presenter is Script error: No such module "convert". long. Flowers appear between January and June and the fruits which appear after flowering are egg-shaped with the narrow end towards the base and are about Script error: No such module "convert". long and hairy.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
The species was first formally described in 1996 by Alex George who gave it the name Dryandra anatona. The description was published in Nuytsia.[5] In 2007, Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all the dryandras to the genus Banksia and this species became Banksia anatona.[6][7] The specific epithet (anatona) is derived from the Ancient Greek words τόνος (tónos) meaning "rope" or "chord"[8]Template:Rp and ἀνα- (ana-) meaning "up" or "upwards"[8]Template:Rp referring to the tall, spindly habit of this species.[2]
Distribution and habitat
Banksia anatona is only known from a restricted area in the Stirling Range National Park in the Esperance Plains biogeographic region.[9] It is threatened by dieback disease caused by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi, although a small population has been established on private property elsewhere. It grows in sandy soil on slopes with dense kwongan vegetation.[2][3][4]
Conservation
This species has been classified as "Threatened Flora (Declared Rare Flora — Extant)" by the Department of Environment and Conservation (Western Australia)[9] and as "critically endangered" by the Australian Government Department of the Environment under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.[4]
References
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