Draft:Outline of climatology
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Template:Short description The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to climatology:
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What type of thing is climatology?
Climatology can be described as all of the following:
- Academic discipline
- Branch of science
- Branch of Earth science – field of science related to the planet Earth. Earth science is the branch of science dealing with the physical constitution of the earth and its atmosphere.
- Atmospheric science
- Subfield of physical geography
- Branch of Earth science – field of science related to the planet Earth. Earth science is the branch of science dealing with the physical constitution of the earth and its atmosphere.
Branches of climatology
- Applied climatology – uses climatic principles and analysis to solve human problems related to water resources, agriculture, health, and forestry.
- Bioclimatology
- Dynamic climatology – studies the atmospheric motion of the atmosphere such as disturbance and wind circulation. It was introduced by Bergeron 1930.
- Earth rainfall climatology –
- Historical climatology –
- Paleoclimatology –
- Paleotempestology –
- Physical climatology – studies the atmospheric energy in the climate. It was introduced by Milenkovitch in 1820 and Simpson in 1824.
- Synoptic climatology – studies the regional and local climate of an area with the aid of climatic weather. It was initiated by Koppen in 1870.
- Tornado climatology –
- Tropical cyclone climatology
- Urban climatology –
History of climatology
- Historical climatology
- Historical impacts of climate change
- History of climate change science
- History of the Gulf Stream
- History of the trade winds
- History of paleoclimatology
Climates
Climate classification
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
|---|---|---|
| A (Tropical) |
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| B (Dry) |
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| C (Temperate) |
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| D (Continental) |
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| E (Polar) |
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Climate phenomena
- Climate oscillation – Examples of climate oscillations and their frequency include:
- glacial periods of the last ice age – period around 100 000 years (see Quaternary glaciation#Astronomical cycles and 100,000-year problem)
- North African climate cycles – tens of thousands of years
- Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation – around 50 to 70 years, but unpredictable
- El Niño Southern Oscillation – 2 to 7 years
- Pacific decadal oscillation – 8 to 12 years? (not clear)
- Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation – 15 to 30 years? (not clear)
- Arctic oscillation – no particular periodicity
- North Atlantic Oscillation – no particular periodicity
- North Pacific Oscillation – ?
- Hale cycle or sunspot cycle – about 11 years (may be discernible in climate records; see solar variation)
- Quasi-biennial oscillation – about 30 months
- Climate change
Climate modeling
Climatology applied
Persons influential in climatology
See also
External links
- The Earth's climate – Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS – France)
- Climatology News Daily publication with news in all areas of climatology plus free news feeds for webmasters.
- Climate Prediction Center
- KNMI Climate Explorer The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute's Climate Explorer graphs climatological relationships of spatial and temporal data.
- Climatology as a Profession Amer. Inst. of Physics account of the history of the discipline of climatology in the 20th century
- Sunpreview annual and global weather project
- NOAA Weather Service
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