Dedicator of cytokinesis protein 10
Template:Short description Template:Cs1 config Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Template:Infobox gene Dedicator of cytokinesis protein 10 (Dock10), also known as Zizimin3, is a large (~240 kDa) protein involved in intracellular signalling networks that in humans is encoded by the DOCK10 gene.[1] It is a member of the DOCK-D subfamily of the DOCK family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which function as activators of small G-proteins.
Discovery
Dock10 was identified via bioinformatic approaches as one of a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins (the DOCK family) that share significant sequence homology.[2] Dock10 is expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes[3] as well as in the brain, spleen, lung and thymus.[4]
Structure and function
Dock10 shares the same domain arrangement as other members of the DOCK-D/Zizimin subfamily as well as a high level of sequence similarity.[4] It contains a DHR2 domain that is involved in G protein binding and a DHR1 domain, which, in some DOCK family proteins, interacts with membrane phospholipids. Like other DOCK-D subfamily proteins Dock10 contains an N-terminal PH domain, which, in Dock9/Zizimin1, mediates recruitment to the plasma membrane.[5] The DHR2 domain of Dock10 appears to bind to the small G proteins Cdc42, TC10 and TCL although these interactions are of low affinity.[4] The physiological role of Dock10 is poorly characterised, however a study in lymphocytes has shown that Dock10 expression is upregulated in B-lymphocytes and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) cells in response to the cytokine IL-4.[3] This suggests that Dock10 may have a role in B-cell activation and proliferation. Another study in 2006 identified Dock10 as a protein that was overexpressed in some aggressive papillary thyroid carcinomas.[6]
References
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Further reading
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