List of cryptids

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Cryptids are animals or other beings whose present existence is disputed or unsubstantiated by science. Cryptozoology, the study of cryptids, is a pseudoscience claiming that such beings may exist somewhere in the wild; it has been widely critiqued by scientists.[1][2][3][4] The subculture is regularly criticized for reliance on anecdotal information[5] and because in the course of investigating animals that most scientists believe are unlikely to have existed, cryptozoologists do not follow the scientific method.[6] Many scientists have criticized the plausibility of cryptids due to lack of physical evidence,[7] likely misidentifications[8] and misinterpretation of stories from folklore.[9] While biologists regularly identify new species following established scientific methodology, cryptozoologists focus on entities mentioned in the folklore record and rumor.

List

Aquatic or semi-aquatic

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Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Script error: No such module "sort".[10] Hairy Eel Pond animal Pamital ravine, Canary Islands
Bunyip[11] Bahnyip Amphibious creature Australia File:Bunyip 1890.jpg
Script error: No such module "sort".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Caddy Sea animal Pacific Coast of North America File:Cadborosaurus October 1937.jpg
Champ[12] Champy Lake monster Lake Champlain, North America File:Artistic representation of Sandra Mansi's 1977 photograph of "Champ" lake monster.jpg
Cryptid Whales[13][14] Giglioli's Whale, Rhinoceros dolphin, High-finned sperm whale, Alula whale, Unidentified beaked whales Sea animal Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean File:Amphiptera pacifica.jpg
Dobhar-chú[15] Water Hound, King Otter Extra-large otter-like carnivorous aquatic mammal Ireland File:Dobhar-chu encounter.jpg
Gloucester sea serpent[16] Large serpent Gloucester, Cape Ann
File:1817 Gloucester sea serpent.jpg
Great auk (surviving populations)[17] Pinguinus impennis, garefowl Aquatic flightless bird Northern Atlantic File:Great Auk (Pinguinis impennis) specimen, Kelvingrove, Glasgow - geograph.org.uk - 1108249.jpg
Iemisch[18] Iemisch Listai Mix of a jaguar and otter Patagonia
Igopogo[19] Kempenfelt Kelly Lake monster Lake Simcoe, Ontario (Canada)
Labynkyr Devil[20][21][22] Labynkyrsky ChertScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Lake monster Oymyakonsky Ulus, Sakha Republic, Russia
Loch Ness Monster[23] Nessie Lake monster Loch Ness, Scotland Sculpture of the Loch Ness monster as a plesiosaurus
Loveland Frog[24] Loveland frogman, Loveland lizard Humanoid frog Loveland, Ohio File:Loveland frog.png
Manipogo[25] Winnipogo Lake monster Lake Manitoba, Canada
Megalodon (surviving populations)[26][27][28] Otodus megalodonTemplate:Efn Giant prehistoric shark Oceans File:Otodus megalodon restoration.png
Mokele-mbembeScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Dinosaur (lake, river and/or swamp monster) Republic of the Congo File:Mokele-mbembe ill artlibre jnl.png
Morgawr[29] Sea serpent Falmouth Bay
Ogopogo[12] N'ha•a•itk, Naitaka Lake monster Lake Okanagan, Canada File:OgoPogo crop.jpg
Sea serpentsScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Sea animals, dinosaurs All bodies of water File:Soe Orm 1555.jpg
Selma[30] Seljordsormen Lake monster Lake Seljord, Telemark, Norway
File:Seljord komm.svg
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Steller's sea ape[31] Sea animal Pacific Ocean
File:Animal drawings collected by Felix Platter, p1 - (31).jpg
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Terrestrial

Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
British big cats[32] Alien big cats (ABCs), phantom cats, mystery cats, English lions,
Beast of Bodmin, Beast of Exmoor 		Carnivorous mammal Great Britain File:Felicity Inverness Museum.JPG
Chupacabra[33] Chupacabras (Spanish for goat-sucker) Puerto Rico (originally),
South and Central America,
Southern North America 		File:Chupacabra (artist's rendition).jpg
Dover Demon[34] Dover, Massachusetts File:Dover Demon.png
Fresno nightcrawler[35] Long white legs with no torso Fresno, California
Lizard Man of Scape Ore Swamp[36] Lizard Man of Lee County Bipedal South Carolina, United States
Mapinguari[37] Mapinguary Giant Ground Sloth or primate Amazons File:Megatherium americanum by sphenaphinae.png
Michigan Dogman[38] Humanoid dog Wexford County, Michigan
Moa (surviving original populations)[39]Template:Efn Dinornis robustus (South Island giant moa), Dinornis novaezelandiae (North Island giant moa), Anomalopteryx didiformis (Bush moa, little bush moa, or lesser moa) Medium to large flightless birds New Zealand File:Moa mock hunt.jpg
Mongolian death worm[40] Allghoi (or orghoi) khorkhoi Worm-like animal Gobi Desert (Asia) File:Allghoikhorkhoi.jpg
Nandi bear[41] Chemosit, Kerit, Koddoelo, Ngoelo, Ngoloko, Duba Large carnivore Eastern Africa File:Nandi bear 1961 (cropped).png
Not-deer[42] Not deer White-tailed deer with unnatural characteristics Appalachia File:Not-deer cryptid.png
Queensland Tiger[43] Yarri Large feline Queensland
Thylacine (surviving original populations)[44][45]Template:Efn Tasmanian tiger. Tasmanian wolf, Thylacinus cynocephalus Carnivorous marsupial Australia

Papua New Guinea

File:"Benjamin".jpg

Hominid

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Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Almas[12] Abnauayu, almasty, albasty, bekk-bok,
biabin-guli, golub-yavan, gul-biavan, auli-avan,
kaptar, kra-dhun, ksy-giik, ksy-gyik, ochokochi,
mirygdy, mulen, voita, wind-man, Zana 		Non-human ape or hominid Asia/Caucasus
Amomongo[46] Orang Mawas, Impakta Ape or hominid Negros Occidental, Philippines
BigfootScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Sasquatch Large and hairy ape-like creature United States and Canada File:Patterson Gimlin Bigfoot (cropped).jpg
Bukit Timah Monkey Man[47] BTM, BTMM Forest-dwelling hominid or other primate Singapore
Chatawa Monster[48][49] Large ape-like creature Mississippi, United States
Chuchunya[50] Large hominid Russia
Fouke Monster[51][52] Jonesville Monster, Southern Sasquatch, Boggy Creek Monster Hominid or other primate Arkansas, United States
Honey Island Swamp monster[53] Letiche, Tainted Keitre Hominid or other primate Louisiana, United States
Orang Pendek Small hominid Sumatra File:Orang Pendek.png
Nittaewo[54] Nittevo Small hominids Sri Lanka
Skunk ape[55] Stink Ape, Myakka Ape, Myakka Skunk Ape Primate Florida, United States File:The Florida Skunk Ape - panoramio.jpg
Yeren[56][55] Yiren, Yeh Ren, Chinese Wildman Primate (possible hominin) China
YetiScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Abominable Snowman Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions Himalayas (Asia) File:B5bugerbear.jpg
Yowie[54] Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions Australia File:Yowie-statue-Kilcoy-Queensland.JPG

Flying

Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Jersey Devil[23] Leeds Devil Winged bipedal horse United States, mainly the South Jersey Pine Barrens, as well as other parts of New Jersey and southeastern Pennsylvania File:Jersey Devil Philadelphia Post 1909.jpg
Mothman[57] Winged Man, Bird Man, UFO-Bird, Mason Bird Monster Winged bipedal Mason County, West Virginia, United States File:Mothman Artist's Impression.png
Rod[58] Skyfish, Air Rod, Solar Entity Small flying stick-like creatures Worldwide File:Moths attracted by floodlight.jpg

See also

Notes

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References

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  1. ↑ Mullis (2021: 185): "Eschewing the rigors of science, cryptozoologists publish for a popular audience rather than for experts resulting in the practice itself frequently being derided as a pseudoscience."
  2. ↑ Loxton & Prothero (2013: 332): "Whatever the romantic appeal of monster mysteries, cryptozoology as it exists today is unquestionably a pseudoscience." Loxton & Prothero (2013: 320): "Cryptozoology has a reputation of being part of a general pseudoscientific fringe—just one more facet of paranormal belief." (Both quotes from Donald Prothero)
  3. ↑ Church (2009: 251–252): "Cryptozoology has acquired a bad reputation as a pseudoscience [...] Until detailed, methodical research becomes standard practice among cryptozoologists, the field will remain disrespected by more traditional biologists and zoologists."
  4. ↑ Roesch & Moore (2002: 71–78): "Pointing to this rampant speculation and ignorance of established scientific theories in cryptozoology, as well as the field's poor record of success and its reliance on unsystematic, anecdotal evidence, many scientists and skeptics classify cryptozoology as a pseudoscience."
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Simpson, George Gaylord (1984). "Mammals and Cryptozoology". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. Vol. 128, No. 1 (Mar. 30, 1984), pp. 1–19. American Philosophical Society.
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Loxton & Prothero (2013: 31-32)
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Bunyip. (2018). Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 1;
  12. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Mörzer Bruyns, W. F. J. (1971). Field guide of whales and dolphins. Rivonverhandeling. Tor. pp. 124–125. Template:ISBN
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Fuller, Errol (1999). The Great Auk. Southborough, Kent, UK: Privately Published. ISBN 0-9533553-0-6 pp. 404-413
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Template:Skeptoid
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ James, R. M. (2022). MORGAWR AND THE FOLKLORESQUE: (A study of a whopping fish tale). Shima, 16(2), 160–172. https://doi.org/10.21463/shima.123
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Template:Skeptoid
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Nickell, J., & RANDI, J. (2004). Cryptids “Down Under.” In The Mystery Chronicles: More Real-Life X-Files (pp. 289–295). University Press of Kentucky. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2tv62q.39
  45. ↑ Crane, K. (2012). Myths of wilderness in contemporary narratives : Environmental postcolonialism in australia and canada. (pp.145) Palgrave Macmillan
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Template:Open access
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Template:Skeptoid
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Sources

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External links

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