Pinguicula vulgaris
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Pinguicula vulgaris, the common butterwort, is a perennial carnivorous plant in the butterwort genus of the family Lentibulariaceae.
Description
It grows to a height of Script error: No such module "convert"., and is topped with a purple, and occasionally white, flower that is Script error: No such module "convert". or longer, and shaped like a funnel. This butterwort grows in damp environments such as bogs and swamps, in low or subalpine elevations.[1] Being native to environments with cold winters, they produce a winter-resting bud (hibernaculum). There are three forms originating from Europe: P. vulgaris f. bicolor, which has petals that are white and purple; P. vulgaris f. albida, which has all white petals; and P. vulgaris f. alpicola, which has larger flowers.[2] The taxonomic status of these forms is not universally recognised – see e.g. The Plant List.[3]
Common butterwort is an insectivorous plant. Its leaves have glands that excrete a sticky fluid that traps insects; the glands also produce enzymes that digest the insects.[4] This serves as a way for the plant to access a source of nitrogen, as they generally grow in soil that is acidic and low in nutrients, such as bogs.[4][5] Insect capture is an adaptation to nutrient-poor conditions, and the plant is highly dependent on insects for nitrogen.[6]
Distribution
It has a generally circumboreal distribution, being native to almost every country in Europe as well as Russia, Canada, and the United States.[5][7] It is generally found growing in places such as bogs, fens, alvars, and other areas with limestone bedrock and alkaline waters.[5]
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Flower from the side, Niitvälja bog, Estonia
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Whole plant, Norway
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Pinguicula vulgaris near Mývatn, northern Iceland
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![Anticosti Island, Mc Donald River[8] bank, Quebec, Canada](/wiki143/index.php?title=File:Pinguicula_vulgaris_001.jpg){kind=link}
![Anticosti Island, Mc Donald River[8] bank, Quebec, Canada](/wiki143/index.php?title=File:Pinguicula_vulgaris_002.jpg){kind=link}
References
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- ↑ Plants of the Pacific Northwest. Lone Pine Publishing, 1994. p. 351
- ↑ The Savage Garden, Revised: Cultivating Carnivorous Plants. Random House LLC, 2013.
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