Clark County, Indiana

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator.Template:Category handlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Clark County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana, located directly across the Ohio River from Louisville, Kentucky. At the 2020 census, the population was 121,093.[1] The county seat is Jeffersonville.[2] Clark County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Clark County lies on the north bank of the Ohio River. A significant gateway to the state of Indiana, Clark County's settlement began in 1783. The state of Virginia rewarded General George Rogers Clark and his regiment for their victorious capture of Forts Kaskaskia, Cahokia, and Vincennes from the British, by granting them Script error: No such module "convert". of land. A small portion of this land, Script error: No such module "convert"., became known as Clarksville, the first authorized American settlement in the Northwest Territory, founded the next year in 1784.[3]

Clark County was formed on February 3, 1801, with territory annexed from Knox, the first county formed in the Territory in 1790. This original area in Clark County was subsequently altered and reduced with the formation of other counties: Harrison (1808), Franklin, Jefferson, and Wayne (1811), Switzerland and Washington (1814), Jackson and Ripley (1816), Jennings (1817), Crawford and Randolph (1818), Fayette and Floyd (1819), Scott (1820), Union (1821), Decatur and Rush (1822).[4]

The first county seat was established in Springville, on April 7, 1801.[3] Jeffersonville was platted in 1802, and on June 9 the Territorial Governor (William Henry Harrison) ordered that it be regarded as the county seat. However, on December 14, 1810, the seat designation was given to Charlestown, which retained the designation until 1873, when on September 23 the Jefforsonville mayor (Luther Warder) successfully campaigned for the county seat's return.

Clark County was a hotbed for antislavery sentiment during the territorial period. In 1807, citizens petitioned Congress to uphold the legal prohibition of slavery established in the Northwest Ordinance in response to efforts by Harrison and his supporters to have the prohibition repealed. Many settlers were Quakers who had migrated from North Carolina to escape the oppressive conditions of the slave states and did not want to see slavery be established in Indiana.[5]

From its beginning Clark County's history, culture and growth have been linked to the development of the river. Early nineteenth-century steamboats transported goods to the upper Ohio, providing opportunities for commercial and industrial growth in the county. In 1832, James Howard founded the Howard shipyards making Clark County a leader in shipbuilding.[6]

The railroad brought further economic growth. The Monon line spanned from New Albany to Chicago, and the Jeffersonville, Madison, and Indianapolis Railroad provided Clark County and southern Indiana with access to the northern trading centers of Indianapolis and Chicago.

Industries locating to Clark County during the nineteenth century included the Louisville Cement Company in Speed, Indiana and the Ford Plate Glass Company established in Jeffersonville in 1876.

During the 1920s, Clark County attracted the Colgate-Palmolive Company to the Clarksville Riverfront. Colgate purchased the former Indiana Reformatory building in 1923. The company rehabilitated and adapted the building for its dedication in 1924. It stayed in business until early 2008.[6]

During World War II the county prospered. The federal government began the Indiana Arsenal near Charlestown in 1940.[6] Producing smokeless powder for the war effort, the arsenal employed up to 20,000. Howard shipyards was commissioned by the Navy to produce landing craft. Later Howard shipyards reorganized as Jeffersonville Boat and Machine Company (Jeffboat) — a current major employer (1991).[6]

When the war ended, the county experienced significant residential and commercial growth, aided by the 1956 Interstate Act. The improved access provided by Interstate 65 encouraged additional subdivisions and shopping centers.

File:View of Louisville from Clarksville.jpg
View of Louisville from Clarksville

Clark County history has been closely associated with the development of the Ohio River. From its beginnings, Clark County relied on the river for economic opportunities. Clark County has diversified its economic base, lessened its dependency on the river, and continues to develop in new directions. However, the county still looks to the river as one link to its significant pioneer heritage.

Geography

Clark County lies on the east edge of Indiana; its eastern border abuts the northern border of the state of Kentucky (across the Ohio River). The terrain is low rolling hills, with the area either devoted to agriculture or urban development. The west part of the county is carved with drainages.[7] The highest point on the terrain is a ridge WNW of Henryville near the border with Scott County, at Script error: No such module "convert". ASL.[8]

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". (or 99.05%) is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (or 0.96%) is water.[9]

Adjacent counties

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Clark County is one of the few counties in the US to border two counties of the same name in different states (Jefferson County Indiana and Kentucky)-

Cities

Towns

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Census-designated places

Unincorporated places

Source:[10][11]

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Extinct towns

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Townships

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Transit

Major highways

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Airport

Climate and weather

Jeffersonville, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
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Source: The Weather Channel[12]
Metric conversion
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In recent years, average temperatures in Jeffersonville have ranged from a low of Script error: No such module "convert". in January to a high of Script error: No such module "convert". in July, although a record low of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from Script error: No such module "convert". in October to Script error: No such module "convert". in May.[12]

Two towns in Clark County, Marysville and Henryville suffered major damage during the tornado outbreak of March 2–3, 2012.[13]

Government

For most of its history, Clark County was a Democratic-leaning county, its politics more in line with neighboring Kentucky than Indiana. However, the county voted for the national winner in all but 2 elections from 1924 to 2004 (1952, 1968). Since the start of the second millennium, the county has trended strongly Republican, moving away from its previous near-bellwether status. Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council

The seven-member county council is the legislative branch of the county government and controls all the spending and revenue collection in the county. Four representatives are elected from county districts, and three are elected at large. The council members serve four-year terms. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.[14][15]

Board of Commissioners

The executive body of the county is made of a board of commissioners. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered terms, and each serves a four-year term. One of the commissioners, typically the most senior, serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.[14][15]

Courts

The Clark County Judicial System consists of 8 Courts:

  • Clark Circuit Court (Judge Daniel Moore)
  • Clark Superior Court #1 (Judge Vicki Carmichael)
  • Clark Superior Court #2 (Judge Jerome Jacobi)
  • Clark Superior Court #3 (Judge Joe P. Weber)
  • Jeffersonville City Court – Office Expired December 31, 2015
  • Charlestown City Court (Judge George Waters)
  • Clarksville Town Court (Judge Samuel Gwin)
  • Sellersburg Town Court (Judge Thomas Lowe)

By statute, the Circuit and Superior Courts have unlimited jurisdiction with the power to hear civil and criminal cases. City and Town Courts have jurisdiction to hear Ordinance violations and misdemeanor prosecutions, as well as civil actions where the amount in controversy does not exceed five hundred dollars ($500). Judgments in the City and Town Courts may be appealed de novo to the Clark Circuit Court. In addition, Clark Superior Court #3 maintains a Small Claims Docket. Local Rules of Practice may also limit the ability of a Court to hear certain cases. Judgments in other Courts may be appealed to the Indiana Court of appeals or the Indiana Supreme Court.

The Circuit and Superior Court Judges are assisted by 3 Magistrates, who are appointed and serve at the direction of the elected Judges.

The Circuit and Superior Court Judges are elected on a partisan basis, must reside within the county, and serve six-year terms. The City and Town Court Judges are elected to four-year terms on a partisan basis, and must reside within the City/Town.

Felony and Misdemeanor prosecutions are filed by the Prosecuting Attorney, who is elected on a partisan basis, must reside within the county, and serves a term of four years. The current Prosecuting Attorney, Steven D. Stewart, has been in Office since 1989.[15]

County officials

The county has several other elected offices, including prosecuting attorney, sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. These officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions must declare a party affiliation and be residents of the county.[15]

Elected county officials

Clark County is part of Indiana's 9th congressional district and is represented in Congress by Republican Erin Houchin.;[16] Indiana Senate districts 45 and 46;[17] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 66, 70, 71, 72 and 73.[18]

Due to decadal redistricting and the 2022 general election, Clark County is now represented in the Indiana General Assembly by District 45 Senator Chris Garten, District 66 Representative Zach Payne, District 70 Representative Karen Engleman, and District 71 Representative Rita Fleming.

The Clark County Council has 5 elected officials (as of May 2018). The Clark County Council of 2019 includes:

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  • Barbara Hollis (District 1)
  • Janne Newland (District 2)
  • Brittney Ferree (District 3)
  • Steve Doherty (District 4)
  • David Abbott (at-large)
  • John Miller (at-large)
  • Kevin Vissing (at-large)[19]
  • R. Scott Lewis (Attorney)

The three elected Clark County Commissioners are (as of 2019):

  • Jack Coffman
  • Connie Sellers
  • Bryan Glover[20]

Other county office holders as determined by the 2022 general election:

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  • Prosecutor: Jeremy Mull
  • Sheriff: Scottie Maples
  • Clerk: Ryan Lynch
  • Auditor: Danny Yost
  • Treasurer: Monty Snelling
  • Recorder: Steve Gill
  • Assessor: Butch Love
  • Surveyor: David Ruckman[21]

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
18105,670—
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184014,595Script error: No such module "String".%
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187024,770Script error: No such module "String".%
188028,610Script error: No such module "String".%
189030,259Script error: No such module "String".%
190031,835Script error: No such module "String".%
191030,260Script error: No such module "String".%
192029,381Script error: No such module "String".%
193030,764Script error: No such module "String".%
194031,020Script error: No such module "String".%
195048,330Script error: No such module "String".%
196062,795Script error: No such module "String".%
197075,876Script error: No such module "String".%
198088,838Script error: No such module "String".%
199087,774Script error: No such module "String".%
200096,472Script error: No such module "String".%
2010110,232Script error: No such module "String".%
2020121,093Script error: No such module "String".%
2023 (est.)125,467[22]Script error: No such module "String".%
US Decennial Census[23]
1790–1960[24] 1900–1990[25]
1990–2000[26] 2010–2019[27]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 121,093. The median age was 39.4 years. 22.8% of residents were under the age of 18 and 16.4% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 95.0 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 92.4 males age 18 and over.[28][29]

The racial makeup of the county was 80.2% White, 7.8% Black or African American, 0.5% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.1% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 3.3% from some other race, and 7.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 6.5% of the population.[29]

78.7% of residents lived in urban areas, while 21.3% lived in rural areas.[30]

There were 48,778 households in the county, of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 46.1% were married-couple households, 18.1% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 27.7% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[28]

There were 52,169 housing units, of which 6.5% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 70.4% were owner-occupied and 29.6% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3% and the rental vacancy rate was 7.8%.[28]

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 110,232 people, 44,248 households, and 29,474 families in the county.[31] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 47,776 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[9] The racial makeup of the county was 87.1% white, 6.9% black or African American, 0.8% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 2.6% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 4.9% of the population.[31] In terms of ancestry, 24.3% were German, 15.0% were Irish, 13.0% were American, and 9.8% were English.[32]

Of the 44,248 households, 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.4% were non-families, and 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.98. The median age was 37.9 years.[31]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $58,090. Males had a median income of $43,053 versus $32,361 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,592. About 9.0% of families and 11.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.9% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.[33]

Education

Four public school districts and the Archdiocese of Indianapolis serve Clark County. The county is also served by two colleges that offer associate and bachelor's degrees.

Public school districts

Clarksville Community School Corporation[34]

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  • Clarksville Senior High School
  • Clarksville Middle School
  • Greenacres Elementary School

Silver Creek School Corporation[35]

Borden–Henryville School Corporation[36]

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Greater Clark County Schools[37]

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  • Charlestown High School
  • Jeffersonville High School
  • New Washington Middle/High School
  • Charlestown Middle School
  • Parkview Middle School
  • River Valley Middle School
  • Charlestown Elementary School
  • Franklin Square Elementary School
  • New Washington Elementary School
  • Northaven Elementary School
  • Parkwood Elementary School
  • Riverside Elementary School
  • Utica Elementary School
  • Options Alternative School
  • Corden Porter School

Private schools

Archdiocese of Indianapolis

Colleges and universities

  • Ivy Tech State College (Non-profit)[42]
  • Mid-America College of Funeral Services (Non-profit)[43]
  • Ottawa University – Jeffersonville (Non-Profit)[44]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b Clark County Genealogical Records Template:Webarchive Retrieved January 21, 2008
  4. ↑ AniMap County Boundary Historical Atlas. (Gold Bug Software, Alamo, CA)
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b c d Clark County Government – History Template:Webarchive March 19, 2013. Retrieved November 19, 2013
  7. ↑ Clark County IN Google maps Retrieved December 21, 2019
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  15. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  28. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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