Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Distinguish". Template:Use Hiberno-English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox noble

Lieutenant-General Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran (of the second creation), de jure 3rd Duke of Ormonde (1671–1758) was an Anglo-Irish peer. His uncle Richard was the 1st Earl of Arran of the first creation. The titles were re-created for Charles in 1693. His elder brother, the 2nd Duke of Ormonde, was attainted during the Jacobite rising of 1715, but in 1721 Arran was allowed to buy the estate back. At the death of the 2nd Duke, he succeeded as de jure 3rd Duke of Ormonde in the Irish peerage but did not claim the title.

Birth and origin

Charles was born on 4 September 1671.Template:Sfn He was the youngest son of Thomas Butler and his wife Emilia. His father was known as Lord Ossory and was heir apparent of James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond, but predeceased him and so never became duke. His father's family, the Butler dynasty, was Old English and descended from Theobald Walter, who had been appointed Chief Butler of Ireland by King Henry II in 1177.Template:Sfn

Charles's mother was Dutch. Her family was a cadet branch of the House of Nassau. Both parents were Protestant. They had married on 17 November 1659 N.S.Template:Sfn

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He was one of eleven siblings,Template:Sfn but not all seem to be known by name. Lists of his brothers and sisters can be found in his father's article.

Early life

File:Arms of Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran.svg
Arms of Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran

Charles's father died in 1680Template:Sfn when he was eight years old. In 1688 his grandfather, Lord Ormond, died.Template:Sfn Charles's elder brother succeeded as 2nd Duke of Ormond. In 1693, Charles Butler was ennobled as Baron of Cloughgrenan, Viscount of Tullogh and Earl of Arran (of the second creation) in the Peerage of Ireland.Template:Sfn Lord Arran, as he was now, was in the following year also made an English peer by creating him Baron Butler of Weston in County Huntingdon, in the Peerage of England.Template:Sfn

Military career

Arran pursued a career in the Irish army. In 1697 he was appointed Colonel of the 6th Horse (later 5th Dragoon Guards), a post he held until 1703.Template:Sfn In 1699 his brother James resigned his place in the bed chamber,Template:Sfn which was given to Arran, who thus became Lord of the Bedchamber to King William III, which office he retained until the King's death in 1702.Template:Sfn On 24 January 1702 he was promoted Brigadier General.Template:Sfn In 1703 Arran was appointed Colonel of the 3rd Troop of Horse Guards, a post he held until 1715.Template:Sfn On 1 January 1704 he was promoted Major General.Template:Sfn

Marriage

On 3 June 1705 he married Elizabeth Crew, daughter of Thomas Crew, 2nd Baron Crew, by his second wife, Anne Armine, daughter of Sir William Armine, 2nd Baronet, in Oatlands near Weybridge in Surrey.Template:Sfn The marriage was to stay childless.Template:Sfn

A portrait in a landscape oval format of a young lady with light-brown eyes and hair, wearing a white blouse or dress, sitting at a window giving on a garden with some trees
Elizabeth, Countess of Arran, by C. F. Zincke
File:1stEarlOfArran.jpg
Portrait by James Thornhill

Further promotions

On 22 April 1708 he was promoted Lieutenant-General, his final rank in the Army.Template:Sfn From November 1712 to 1714 he was Master-General of the Ordnance in Ireland.Template:Sfn

Brother's attainder

His eldest brother, the 2nd duke of Ormond, got involved in the Jacobite rising of 1715. He was impeached for high treason by Lord Stanhope on 21 June 1715.Template:Sfn He was attainted by the Attainder of Duke of Ormonde Act 1714 (1 Geo. 1. St. 2. c. 17), whereupon all his honours were assumed to have been forfeit.[1] In 1721 Arran was allowed by act of the British Parliament, the Crown Lands (Forfeited Estates) Act 1720 (7 Geo. 1. St. 1. c. 22), to buy back the family estates that had been forfeited under his brother's attainder.Template:Sfn

Arran participated in the Atterbury Plot of the early 1720s.Template:Sfn and should have been the commander of all Jacobite forces in England and Ireland.Template:Sfn But the plot was betrayed and the rising never took place. On 2 January 1722, the Old Pretender (Jacobite "King James III") created Charles Duke of Arran in the Jacobite Peerage of England.Template:Sfn

On 16 November 1745 N.S., his brother died in Avignon. It was later ruled that the attainder, enacted by the Parliament of Great Britain, applied to his British titles (i.e. those in the Peerages of England and Scotland) but not to his Irish titles. Lord Arran therefore de jure succeeded on his brother's death on 5 November 1745 as 3rd Duke of Ormonde in the Peerage of Ireland, but was not aware of this succession and never assumed the title.Template:Sfn

The attainders of the Barony of Butler (of Moore Park) and the Lordship of Dingwall would be reversed in 1871. It, therefore, matters how the claims to these titles were transmitted. Both these titles had the particularity of being able to pass through the female line. In 1745 the claim to these titles, therefore, passed to Elizabeth Butler, his brother's only surviving child, who would therefore have been Baroness Dingwall and Baroness Butler in her own right (suo jure). Elizabeth died unmarried in 1750 and the claims passed to Arran, her uncle.Template:Sfn

Death, succession, and timeline

Lord Arran died at his lodgings at Whitehall on 17 December 1758 and was buried in St. Margaret's Church, Westminster.[2]Template:Sfn On his death, the Earldom of Arran, the Barony of Butler (of Weston), and the Jacobite Dukedom of Arran (such as it was) became extinct, along with the Dukedom and Marquessate of Ormonde. The rest of his de jure Irish titles, including the Earldom of Ormonde, passed to his kinsman John Butler (de jure 15th Earl), but remained dormant.Template:Sfn Arran's considerable estate was inherited by his unmarried sister AmeliaTemplate:Sfn and on her death in 1760 to John Butler.Template:Sfn

His claims to the Barony of Butler (of Moore Park) and the Lordship of Dingwall passed to his niece, Frances Elliot, eldest daughter of Arran's sister Henrietta who had married the 1st Earl of Grantham.Template:Sfn From Frances the claims eventually passed to the Earls Cowper (descendants of Lord Grantham's youngest daughter). In 1871 the attainder was finally reversed in favour of the 7th Earl.Template:Sfn

Horace Walpole called Arran "an inoffensive old man, the last male of the illustrious house of Ormond ... and much respected by the Jacobites ...".Template:Sfn

Timeline
Age Date Event
0 1671, 4 Sep Born.[3]
Script error: No such module "age". 1680, 30 Jul Father died.[4]
Script error: No such module "age". 1685, 6 Feb Accession of King James II, succeeding King Charles IITemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1688, 21 Jul His brother succeeded as 2nd Duke as their grandfather died.[5]
Script error: No such module "age". 1689, 13 Feb Accession of William and Mary, succeeding King James IITemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1693, 8 Mar Created Earl of Arran.[6]
Script error: No such module "age". 1694, 23 Jan Created Baron Butler of Weston in England.[7]
Script error: No such module "age". 1697 Appointed Colonel of the 6th Horse (later 5th Dragoon Guards) until 1703.[8]
Script error: No such module "age". 1699 Appointed a lord of the bedchamber to King William III.[9]
Script error: No such module "age". 1702, 24 Jan Promoted Brigadier General[10]
Script error: No such module "age". 1702, 8 Mar Accession of Queen Anne, succeeding King William IIITemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1703 Appointed Colonel of the 3rd Troop of Horse Guards.[11]
Script error: No such module "age". 1704, 1 Jan Promoted Major-General[12]
Script error: No such module "age". 1705, 3 Jun Married Elizabeth Crew in Surrey, England.[13]
Script error: No such module "age". 1708, 22 Apr Promoted Lieutenant-General[14]
Script error: No such module "age". 1713, 11 Apr Peace of Utrecht ended the War of the Spanish Succession.Template:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1714, 1 Aug Accession of King George I, succeeding Queen AnneTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1715, 21 Jun Brother impeached for treason[15]
Script error: No such module "age". 1721 Allowed to buy back his brother's estate[16]
Script error: No such module "age". 1722, 2 Jan Created Duke of Arran by the Old Pretender[17]
Script error: No such module "age". 1727, 11 Jun Accession of King George II, succeeding King George ITemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "age". 1745, 5 Nov Succeeded his brother as the de jure 3rd Duke of Ormond[18]
Script error: No such module "age". 1758, 17 Dec Died in London[2]

Notes and references

Notes

Template:Notelist

Citations

Template:Reflist

Sources

Template:Refbegin

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". (for his grandfather)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – N to R (for Ossory under Ormond)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Ab-Adam to Basing (for Arran)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Dacre to Dysart (for Dingwall)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Scotland and Ireland
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". (for timeline)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". (for his brother)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Viscounts (for Ossory under Butler, Viscount Mountgarrett)
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – From the revolution to the death of George the Second.
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – 1756 to 1760

Template:Refend

Template:S-aca
Military offices
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Colonel of The Earl of Arran's Regiment of Horse
1697–1703 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Captain and Colonel of the
3rd Troop of Horse Guards
1703–1715 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Chancellor of the University of Oxford
1715–1759 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
Peerage of England
New creation

Template:S-tul

Extinct
New creation Baron Butler
1694–1758 Template:S-ttl/check 		Extinct
Peerage of Ireland
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Duke of Ormonde
(de jure)
1745–1758 Template:S-ttl/check 		Extinct

Template:S-break

Earl of Ormonde
(de jure)
1745–1758 Template:S-ttl/check 		Template:S-aft/check Succeeded by
New creation Earl of Arran
1693–1758 Template:S-ttl/check 		Extinct

Template:S-end

Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ Template:London Gazette
  2. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 35]
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 10a]
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1895[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerage06cokahrishpagen151 150, line 28]
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTEAiry1886[httpsarchiveorgdetailsdictionaryofnati08stepuoftpage60 60, right column, line 22]
  6. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 10b]
  7. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 12]
  8. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 14]
  9. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 13]
  10. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 16a]
  11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 15]
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 16b]
  13. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 29]
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 16c]
  15. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTESmollett1800[httpsarchiveorgdetailshistoryengland01smolgoogpagen318 314]
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTECokayne1910[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerageo01cokapage226 226, line 20]
  17. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTERuvigny1904[httpsarchiveorgdetailsjacobitepeerageb00ruvipage14 14, line 2]
  18. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FOOTNOTEHandley2004[httpsarchiveorgdetailsisbn_0198613598page167 167]
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