List of heads of state of the Central African Republic

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This article lists the heads of state of the Central African Republic. There have been seven heads of state of the Central African Republic and the Central African Empire since independence was obtained from France on 13 August 1960. This list includes not only those persons who were sworn into office as President of the Central African Republic but also those who served as de facto heads of state.

Jean-Bédel Bokassa served as a de facto head of state (and also reigned as emperor from 1976 to 1979), while David Dacko (who served as de facto head of state from 1979 to 1981), André Kolingba, Ange-Félix Patassé, and François Bozizé were elected into office at some point during their tenure. To date, Kolingba is the only former head of state of the Central African Republic to voluntarily step down from the office through a democratic process, following the 1993 general election.

The current president of the Central African Republic is Faustin-Archange Touadéra, since 30 March 2016.[1]

Succession

Before the adoption of the 2023 constitution, the president of the National Assembly was the constitutional successor of the president in the event of a vacancy.[2]

Term

Before the adoption of the 2023 constitution,[3] there was a two-term limit for the president in the Constitution of the Central African Republic. The term limit was not met by any president.[4] The constitution of 2023 removed term-limits and extended the presidential term from five years to seven years.

List of officeholders

Political parties

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  Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa (MESAN)

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  Central African Democratic Union (UDC)

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  Central African Democratic Rally (RDC)

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  Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People (MLPC)

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  Rally for the Republic (RPR)

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  United Hearts Movement (MCU)
Other affiliations

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  Military

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  Independent
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Elected Term of office Political affiliation Notes
Took office Left office Time in office
Central African Republic (1960–1976)
— File:David Dacko 1962-08-08.jpg David Dacko
(1930–2003)
President of the Provisional GovernmentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 14 August 1960[5] 12 December 1960<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[A] Template:Age in years and days rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color" | MESAN Dacko served as president of the government from 1 May 1959[6] until the country declared its independence on 13 August 1960.[7]
1 David Dacko
(1930–2003)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1964 12 December 1960 1 January 1966[8]
2 File:Bokassa portrait (cropped).jpg Jean-Bédel Bokassa
(1921–1996)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 1 January 1966<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[B] 4 December 1976 Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color" | Military Bokassa seized power from Dacko in a successful coup d'état. He changed his name to Salah Eddine Ahmed Bokassa after converting to Islam on 20 October 1976.[9]
MESAN<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C]
Central African Empire (1976–1979)
1 File:Bokassa portrait (cropped).jpg Bokassa I
(1921–1996)
EmperorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 4 December 1976<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[D] 21 September 1979[10] Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color" | MESAN Bokassa spent approximately US$20 million—one third of the country's annual budget—on his coronation ceremony on 4 December 1977.[11]
Central African Republic (1979–present)
3 File:David Dacko 1962-08-08.jpg David Dacko
(1930–2003)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1981 21 September 1979<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[E] 1 September 1981[12] Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color" | MESAN This was Dacko's second time as president of the Central African Republic. In February 1980, Dacko established the Central African Democratic Union (UDC) as the country's only political party.[13]
style="background:Template:Party color" | UDC
— File:No image.svg André Kolingba
(1936–2010)
Chairman of the Military Committee of National RecoveryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 1 September 1981<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[F] 21 September 1985<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[G] Template:Age in years and days rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color" | Military Kolingba seized power from Dacko in a successful coup d'état. Ange-Félix Patassé, with the assistance of François Bozizé, launched an unsuccessful coup d'état against the Kolingba government on 3 March 1982.[14]
— André Kolingba
(1936–2010)
President and head of stateScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		21 September 1985 21 November 1986 Kolingba established the Central African Democratic Rally (RDC) as the country's only party in May 1986.[15]
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color" | RDC
4 André Kolingba
(1936–2010)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1986<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[H] 21 November 1986 22 October 1993
5 File:Ange-Félix Patassé (cropped) in 2001.jpg Ange-Félix Patassé
(1937–2011)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1993<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[I]
1999 		22 October 1993[16] 15 March 2003 Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color" | MLPC Bozizé launched an unsuccessful coup d'état against the Patassé government on 28 May 2001.[17]
6 File:François Bozizé 2007-10-26.jpg François Bozizé
(born 1946)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2005
2011 		15 March 2003<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[J][18] 24 March 2013 Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color" | Military Bozizé seized power from Patassé in a successful coup d'état. Shortly after, he appointed Abel Goumba as prime minister. Goumba had served as acting prime minister in 1959, before being overthrown by Dacko.[19]
style="background:Template:Party color" | Independent
7 File:Michel Djotodia in 2020.jpg Michel Djotodia
(born 1949)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 24 March 2013<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[K] 18 August 2013 Template:Age in years and days rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color" | Military Djotodia was the leader of the Séléka rebel coalition in the ongoing civil war.
— Michel Djotodia
(born 1949)
Head of State of the TransitionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		18 August 2013 10 January 2014<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[L]
— File:Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet 2013.jpg Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet
(born 1972)
Acting Head of State of the TransitionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 10 January 2014 23 January 2014 Template:Age in years and days RPR Nguendet succeeded Djotodia after his resignation due to the continued conflict.
— File:Catherine Samba-Panza 2014-09-26.jpg Catherine Samba-Panza
(born 1954)
Head of State of the TransitionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 23 January 2014 30 March 2016 Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color" | Independent Samba-Panza became the first female head of state of the Central African Republic.
8 File:Faustin Touadera October 2019.jpg Faustin-Archange Touadéra
(born 1957)
PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2015–16
2020–21 		30 March 2016 Incumbent Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color" | Independent Previously, Touadéra served as prime minister under Bozizé from 2008 until 2013.
style="background:Template:Party color" | MCU

Footnotes

  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>A Dacko became the official President of the Central African Republic after defeating Abel Goumba in an internal power struggle. Dacko had support from the French government.
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>B Bokassa seized power by staging a coup d'état from 31 December 1965 until 1 January 1966. Bokassa forced Dacko to officially resign from the presidency at 03:20 WAT (02:20 UTC) on 1 January.[8]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>C Bokassa staged a military coup against the Dacko government on 31 December 1965 – 1 January 1966. After becoming president, Bokassa took control of MESAN and imposed one-party rule under MESAN.
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>D Bokassa, then-president for life of the Central African Republic, instituted a new constitution at the session of the MESAN congress and declared the republic a monarchy, the Central African Empire (CAE). Bokassa became the emperor of the CAE as "Bokassa I".[9]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>E By 1979, French support for Bokassa had all but eroded after the government's brutal suppression of rioting in Bangui and massacre of schoolchildren who had protested against wearing the expensive, government-required school uniforms. Dacko, who was Bokassa's personal adviser at the time, managed to leave for Paris where the French convinced him to cooperate in a coup to remove Bokassa from power and restore him to the presidency. The French successfully executed Operation Barracuda on 20–21 September 1979 and installed Dacko as president.[20][21]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>F General Kolingba (who was also the armed forces chief of staff) overthrew Dacko from the presidency in a bloodless coup.[15]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>G On 21 September 1985, Kolingba dissolved the Military Committee for National Recovery,[22] and created the positions of head of state and president.[23]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>H A constitution was adopted by a referendum on 21 November 1986 and Kolingba was elected to a six-year term in office.[10][15]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>I The country held a multiparty presidential election on 22 August and 19 September 1993. Patassé was the candidate from the Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People party and ran on the platform that he would pay the previously withheld salaries to soldiers and civil servants.[24] Patassé defeated Dacko, Kolingba, Bozizé and Abel Goumba to win the election.[25]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>J Bozizé's second coup attempt was successful; he seized power in Bangui on 15 March 2003.[26]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>K Djotodia ousted Bozizé in the 2012–13 conflict; he seized power in Bangui on 24 March 2013.[27][28]
  • <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>L Under pressure from other central African heads of state gathered for a crisis summit on the situation in CAR, Djotodia resigned in N'Djamena, Chad on 10 January 2014.[29]

Timeline

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Define $today = 03/05/2026

Colors = 

 id:ind     value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8)    legend:None_(Independent)
 id:mil     value:rgb(0.76,0.69,0.57) legend:Military
 id:mesan   value:rgb(0,0,0)          legend:MESAN
 id:bokassa value:rgb(0.9,0.78,0.1)   legend:None_(Absolute_monarch)
 id:udc     value:rgb(0.47,0.66,0.27) legend:UDC
 id:rdc     value:rgb(0.98,0.89,0.23) legend:RDC
 id:mlpc    value:rgb(0.08,0.64,0.28) legend:MLPC
 id:knk     value:rgb(0.99,0.4,0)     legend:Kwa_Na_Kwa
 id:seleka  value:rgb(0,0.5,0)        legend:Séléka
 id:rpr     value:rgb(0.39,0.58,0.93) legend:RPR
 id:mcu     value:rgb(0.04,0.45,0.78) legend:MCU

 id:gray1  value:gray(0.85)
 id:gray2  value:gray(0.95)

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1960 till:31/12/2027 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:5 start:1960 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1960

Legend = columns:1 left:150 top:60 columnwidth:170

TextData = 

 pos:(20,65) textcolor:black fontsize:M
 text:"Political party:"

BarData = 

bar:Dacko
bar:Bokassa
bar:Kolingba
bar:Patassé
bar:Bozizé
bar:Djotodia
bar:Nguendet
bar:Samba-Panza
bar:Touadéra

PlotData = 

 width:5 align:left fontsize:9 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

bar:Dacko
 from: 14/08/1960 till: 01/01/1966 color:mesan
 from: 21/09/1979 till: 01/03/1980 color:mesan
 from: 01/03/1980 till: 01/09/1981 color:udc     text:"David Dacko"
bar:Bokassa
 from: 31/12/1965 till: 01/01/1966 color:mil
 from: 01/01/1966 till: 04/12/1976 color:mesan
 from: 04/12/1976 till: 21/09/1979 color:bokassa text:"Jean-Bédel Bokassa / Bokassa I"
bar:Kolingba
 from: 01/09/1981 till: 06/02/1987 color:mil
 from: 06/02/1987 till: 22/10/1993 color:rdc     text:"André Kolingba"
bar:Patassé
 from: 22/10/1993 till: 15/03/2003 color:mlpc    text:"Ange-Félix Patassé"
bar:Bozizé
 from: 15/03/2003 till: 30/01/2005 color:mil
 from: 30/01/2005 till: 21/08/2009 color:ind
 from: 21/08/2009 till: 24/03/2013 color:knk     text:"François Bozizé"
bar:Djotodia
 from: 24/03/2013 till: 10/01/2014 color:seleka  text:"Michel Djotodia"
bar:Nguendet
 from: 10/01/2014 till: 23/01/2014 color:rpr     text:"Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet (acting)"
bar:Samba-Panza
 from: 23/01/2014 till: 30/03/2016 color:ind     text:"Catherine Samba-Panza"
bar:Touadéra
 from: 30/03/2016 till: 08/11/2018 color:ind
 from: 08/11/2018 till: $today     color:mcu     text:"Faustin-Archange Touadéra"

</timeline>

Latest election

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See also

References

Specific

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  1. ↑ "Central African Republic's president vows peace, reforms at inauguration", Reuters, 30 March 2016.
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  8. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  10. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  15. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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General
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External links

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Template:Central African Republic topics Script error: No such module "Navbox".

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