Koinobori

File:150425 Koinobori Chizu Tottori pref Japan01bs.jpg

at Chizu, Tottori with a patterned windsock at the top

, meaning Template:Gloss in Japanese, are carp-shaped windsocks traditionally flown in Japan to celebrate , a traditional calendrical event which is now designated as , a national holiday in Japan. are made by drawing carp patterns on paper, cloth, or other nonwoven fabric. They are then allowed to flutter in the wind. They are also known as .

Children's Day takes place on May 5, the last day of Golden Week, the largest break for workers and also a week in which many businesses, state schools, and some private schools close for up to 9–10 days for the designated national holidays. Landscapes across Japan are decorated with from April to early May, in honor of children for a good future and in the hope that they will grow up healthy and strong.

The is included in Unicode as Template:Unichar.

Description

File:Koinobori4797.jpg

with a five-color windsock at the top

A typical set consists of, from the top of the pole down, a pair of with a ball-shaped spinning vane, a mounting , and finally the . For the windsock above the , two main kinds are used: the , based on the five elements of Chinese philosophy, and , often featuring a . The number and meaning of the carp streamers or that fly beneath the windsock has changed over time. Traditionally, the set would contain a black representing the father, followed by a smaller, red representing his eldest son. This is why, according to the Japanese American National Museum, in the traditional "children's song," the red one () represents the eldest son. If more boys were in the household, an additional blue, green, and then, depending on the region, either purple or orange were added. After the government's decree that converted into the present , the holiday came to celebrate the happiness of both boys and girls. As a result, the red came to represent the mother of the family and it is not uncommon for the color to be varied as pink. Similarly, the other colors and sizes of carp came to represent all the family's children, both sons and daughters.

At present, the are commonly flown above the roofs of houses with children, with the biggest (black) for the father, next biggest (red or pink) for the mother, and additional smaller carps of a different color for each child in decreasing order by age.

range from a few centimetres to a few metres long. In 1988, a Template:Cvt long weighing Template:Cvt was made in Kazo, Saitama.

History

File:Utagawa Hiroshige - Suido Bridge and Surugadai, from the series One Hundred Famous Views of Edo (Edo Meisho Hyakkei) - Google Art Project.jpg

Ukiyo-e showing . One of the series One Hundred Famous Views of Edo by Utagawa Hiroshige. 1857, Edo period

File:Japanese Festival in Honor of the Birth of Children.jpg

, and . "Japanese Festival in Honor of the Birth of Children" from Sketches of Japanese Manners and Customs, by J.M.W. Silver, illustrated by native drawings, published in London in 1867

have been in use since the 18th century. During the Edo period (1603–1867), samurai households began to decorate their yards with or flags, which were colored with (family crests) to represent military units, during . The and were then merged, and the first appeared in Edo (now Tokyo). The colorful as they are modernly known became popular in the Meiji era (1868–1912).

File:Boy's Festival - Fish Kites.jpg

"Fish kites", , 1911

Though originally exclusive to samurai households, they eventually reached the rest of the population. They were traditionally flown as part of the Japanese Boys' Day, with one carp for each son, while girls found a counterpart to this custom in 'Doll's Day'. However, after the redesignation of May 5th as Children's Day in 1948, some families began flying koi for every child, regardless of gender. Despite this, the connection between the and male children remains, and many families still do not fly them for their daughters. The koi, known for its ability to swim upstream, represents courage, determination, and the hope that children will grow up healthily. This symbolism pays homage to the myth of longmen from the late Han dynasty, that a golden koi fish swam up a waterfall at the end of the Yellow River and became a dragon.

The number of included on a pole and the variety of their colors have increased over time to accommodate more family members. They were originally made by hand-painting materials such as paper or cloth, but these have almost entirely fallen out of use in favour of synthetics, outside of some rural areas. Silk and paper models are still sold, but at a higher price than the synthetics.

Related traditions include kite-flying, kite-fighting, the display of samurai dolls and miniature Japanese armor and in the home, the bathing with iris in the bathtub, the consumption of Kashiwa mochi (sticky rice cakes wrapped in oak leaves) and , and, in some areas, the tradition of making young boys crawl through the for good fortune. As a tradition, throughout Children's Day, children also thank and show respect for relatives, parents, and teachers for support throughout their life.

song

A famous song often sung by children and their families. It was published in in 1932. The lyrics are by Miyako Kondō (). The composer is unknown.

Gallery

• Script error: No such module "lang". flying in Oboke Koboke, Iya Valley, Tokushima Prefecture
  flying in Oboke Koboke, Iya Valley, Tokushima Prefecture
• A large selection of Script error: No such module "lang". in Higashishirahige Park, 2015
  A large selection of in Higashishirahige Park, 2015
• Factory for large hand-made Script error: No such module "lang".
  Factory for large hand-made
• At Haguro Shinto shrine, Kurashiki
  At Haguro Shinto shrine, Kurashiki
• Paragliding with Script error: No such module "lang".
  Paragliding with
• Script error: No such module "lang". at a rural home, 1955
  at a rural home, 1955

See also

• Dragon Boat Festival

External links

• Template:Sister-inline