Campo, California

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Campo (Spanish for "Field") is an unincorporated community in the Mountain Empire area of southeastern San Diego County, California, United States. The population was 2,955 at the 2020 United States census. The United States Census Bureau defines Campo as a census-designated place (CDP).

The CDP includes three distinct settlements: Campo, Cameron Corners and Morena Village. Cameron Corners is about Script error: No such module "convert". north of Campo. Morena Village is located several miles further north, just east of Morena Dam. These communities all use Campo postal addresses and the ZIP Code 91906.

History

In 1868, Silas and Luman Gaskill opened the Gaskill Brothers' Stone Store as one of the first residents in the area. Seven years later in 1875, the store became the site of one of the deadliest Old West shootouts in California, with eight killed as the gang of bandits failed to raid the store.[1][2]

Morena Dam was constructed between 1896 and 1912 to provide water to the San Diego area.

Campo was a station on the San Diego and Arizona Railway, completed in 1919.

Campo was a military town during World War II and was known as Camp Lockett. It was home to a veterans' convalescent hospital, a 300-bed Italian prisoner-of-war camp in Cameron Corners and an all African-American Buffalo Soldiers Cavalry unit which patrolled the border on horseback until 1944.Template:R

The United States military continues activities nearby at La Posta Mountain Warfare Training Facility.

Geography

Nearby communities include Boulevard, Potrero, Tecate, Dulzura, Jacumba, Pine Valley, Mount Laguna, Descanso, and Jamul.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 23.5 square miles (60.7 km2), 99.97% of it land, and 0.03% of it water.

It is Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of San Diego.Template:R

Climate

Campo has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa) with hot, dry summers and cool, relatively wet winters. The diurnal temperature variation is large throughout the year.

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
20102,684—
20202,955Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[3]
1850–1870[4][5] 1880-1890[6]
1900[7] 1910[8] 1920[9]
1930[10] 1940[11] 1950[12]
1960[13] 1970[14] 1980[15]
1990[16] 2000[17] 2010[18]
2020[19]

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Campo first appeared as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. Census.[18]

Campo CDP, California – Racial and ethnic composition
<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2010[20] Pop 2020[19] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 1,634 1,488 60.88% 50.36%
Black or African American alone (NH) 105 61 3.91% 2.06%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 60 87 2.24% 2.94%
Asian alone (NH) 24 42 0.89% 1.42%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) 6 7 0.22% 0.24%
Other race alone (NH) 0 23 0.00% 0.78%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 61 160 2.27% 5.41%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 794 1,087 29.58% 36.79%
Total 2,684 2,955 100.00% 100.00%

2020 census

The 2020 United States census reported that Campo had a population of 2,955. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of Campo was 59.9% White, 2.6% African American, 5.2% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 13.8% from other races, and 16.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 36.8% of the population.[21]

The census reported that 98.6% of the population lived in households, 1.4% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.[21]

There were 969 households, out of which 34.9% included children under the age of 18, 49.4% were married-couple households, 7.3% were cohabiting couple households, 21.1% had a female householder with no partner present, and 22.2% had a male householder with no partner present. 22.4% of households were one person, and 10.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.01.[21] There were 688 families (71.0% of all households).[22]

The age distribution was 25.6% under the age of 18, 7.7% aged 18 to 24, 24.3% aged 25 to 44, 26.3% aged 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65Script error: No such module "String".years of age or older. The median age was 39.0Script error: No such module "String".years. For every 100 females, there were 110.0 males.[21]

There were 1,036 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which 969 (93.5%) were occupied. Of these, 73.3% were owner-occupied, and 26.7% were occupied by renters.[21]

Features

Campo is home to three museums: the Pacific Southwest Railway Museum, the Motor Transport Museum and the Gaskill Brothers' Stone Store.

A CDF fire station is located at 31577 State Route 94. The 1998 Cameron Corners, California 7.5-minute quadrangle plots the station near Dewey Place and SR 94.[23] A Southern California Automobile Association map, believed to be c. 1910–1930, shows a business named "Dewey Store" in Cameron Corners. The business is plotted on the north side of SR 94 just east of County Road S1. This may be a variant name of Dewey Place.[24]

There is a county road maintenance station on Forrest Gate Road and a county fire station at Jeb Stewart and Parker roads.

Large employers in the area include US Department of Homeland Security Border Patrol[25][26] and the San Diego County, California Probation, Juvenile Ranch Facility, (population 250).

According to a September 9, 2004 San Diego Union Tribune article, foster care activist Father Joe Carroll proposed building a foster camp for children here. The proposed name was, "Promiseland Ranch," and the proposed facility would encompass about Script error: No such module "convert".. Although the project was approved by the Board of Supervisors in 2008,[27] it has since been abandoned for lack of funds.

Campo is near the official southern terminus of the Pacific Crest Trail, a recreational hiking and equestrian trail extending Script error: No such module "convert". north to the Canada–United States border.

Transportation

An unnamed private air strip is Script error: No such module "convert". at 332 degrees off true north at Script error: No such module "Coordinates"..[28] The name of the field is not listed in the National Geographic Names Data Base or U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Location Identifiers (7350.7U) dated 09/01/2005 (2005-09-01). On the topographic map, it measures about Script error: No such module "convert". in length and runs almost due north–south at the intersection of Lake Morena Drive and Hauser Creek Road.

The town is along the line of the former Southern Pacific (originally the San Diego and Arizona Railway). Freight operations are currently embargoed (not offered) by the Carrizo Gorge Railway (currently the Pacific Imperial Railroad), while passenger operations are operated by the Pacific Southwest Railway Museum. The Railroad Museum shows an address of 750 Depot Street and is located near (NAD83) Script error: No such module "Coordinates"..[29]

Tribal areas

There are at least two tribal areas included in the nearby Campo Indian Reservation. One is about Script error: No such module "convert". due north of Campo and adjoining Cameron Corners. A point inside the reservation is (NAD83) Script error: No such module "Coordinates".) and the area is roughly Script error: No such module "convert". on each side. The reservation government is the Campo Band of Mission Indians. Another tribal area is about Script error: No such module "convert". east along State Route 94 in the Campo Valley. It extends Script error: No such module "convert". to the north and beyond Interstate 8. The eastern portion of the reservation is about Script error: No such module "convert". in an east–west dimension and includes the community of Live Oak Springs. The tribal government has been reported in the news media to provide wireless Internet service to members over a cooperative tribal government microwave backbone from Pala.[30][31][32][33]

Schools

31360 State Route 94: federal records report three schools in Campo. The schools are:

  • Rancho Del Campo High School - Juvenile Ranch (Detention) Facility (9–12)
  • Campo Elementary School (K-8)
  • Campo Continuation (at the old Campo Elementary School)
  • Hillside Alternative Junior/Senior High (7–12)
  • Cottonwood Community Day (7–12)
  • Mountain Empire Junior/Senior High (7–12)

About Script error: No such module "convert". north in Cameron Corners, Campo Elementary (K-6) is located at 1654 Buckman Springs Rd. This is considered in Campo for postal addresses.[34]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  18. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Cameron Corners, California 7.5-minute quadrangle, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.
  24. ↑ Date on SCAA map is illegible. S1 may also be called Bankhead Springs Road.
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Morena Reservoir, California 7.5-minute quadrangle, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.
  29. ↑ Campo, California 7.5-minute quadrangle, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.
  30. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey, National Geographic Names Data Base.
  31. ↑ Tierra Del Sol, California 7.5-minute quadrangle, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.
  32. ↑ List of California tribal governments on Senator Barbara Boxer's web site.
  33. ↑ Live Oak Springs, California 7.5-minute quadrangle, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.
  34. ↑ US Department of Education, National Center for Educational Statistics, 2005.

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Further reading

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External links

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