Camilla, Georgia

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Camilla is a city in Mitchell County, Georgia, United States, and is its county seat.[1] As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 5,187,[2] down from 5,360 in 2010.

History

The city was incorporated in 1858.[3] The name "Camilla" was chosen in honor of the granddaughter of Henry Mitchell, a Revolutionary War general for whom Mitchell County was named.[4]

Camilla and Mitchell County were originally Creek country, surrendered to the United States in the 1814 Treaty of Fort Jackson. Georgia divided the land ceded by Native Americans into lots to be given away in land lotteries. The lottery of 1820 awarded lands covering much of the southwest section of the state (applying only to land south of the future Lee County line and extending west to the Chattahoochee River and east to settled counties in east Georgia), including the area later known as Mitchell County. Despite having access to free land, few people moved to the region. Citizens hesitated to improve land, according to an early twentieth-century history the region "which God Almighty had left in an unfinished condition."Script error: No such module "Unsubst". It took approximately forty years (1820–1857) for the area to obtain its necessary legal population to become a separate county, after which Camilla became the county seat.[5]

In the early 2000s, the city was hit by two disastrous sets of tornadoes, both occurring in the dark hours of the early morning and both going through roughly the same area. The first outbreak was on February 14, 2000;[6] the second was on March 20, 2003.[7]

Camilla massacre

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Camilla became the site of a racially motivated political white-on-black riot on Saturday, September 19, 1868. Determined to promote political and social reform with an organized rally, 150[5]–300 freedmen, along with Republican political candidates, marched toward the town's courthouse square for the rally.[8] The local sheriff and "citizens committee" in the majority-white town warned the black and white activists of the impending violence and demanded that they forfeit their guns, even though carrying weapons was customary at the time.[8] The marchers refused to give up their guns and continued to the courthouse square, where a group of local whites, quickly deputized by the sheriff, fired upon them. This assault forced the republicans and freedmen to retreat as the local democrats gave chase into the swamps, killing an estimated nine to fifteen of the black rally participants while wounding forty others. "Whites proceeded through the countryside over the next two weeks, beating and warning Negroes that they would be killed if they tried to vote in the coming election."[8] The Camilla massacre was the culmination of smaller acts of violence committed by white inhabitants that had plagued southwest Georgia since the end of the Civil War.[5](pp. 1–2)

Beating of Marion King

On July 23, 1962, a group of civil rights activists tried to visit fellow demonstrators from Albany, Georgia, who had been jailed in Camilla. While the rally took place, Marion King, wife of Albany Movement's vice president Slater King, was beaten to the ground and kicked by Camilla police guards until she was unconscious. Mrs. King was pregnant at the time and had her young children with her. She suffered a miscarriage after the ordeal.[9] The 2012 song "Camilla" from the eponymous album by Caroline Herring pays a tribute to Mrs. King's memory.[10]

Geography

Camilla is located in central Mitchell County at Script error: No such module "Coordinates". (31.230243, −84.209102).[11] U.S. Route 19 is the main highway through the city, passing east of the downtown. US 19 leads north Script error: No such module "convert". to Albany and southeast Script error: No such module "convert". to Thomasville. State Routes 37 and 112 pass through the center of Camilla as Broad Street. Route 37 leads east Script error: No such module "convert". to Moultrie and northwest Script error: No such module "convert". to Newton, while Route 112 leads northeast Script error: No such module "convert". to Sylvester and south Script error: No such module "convert". to Cairo. State Route 97 leads southwest from Camilla Script error: No such module "convert". to Bainbridge.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert"., or 0.20%, are water.[12]

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Camilla has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[13] Camilla has a relatively wet climate with high precipitation year-round, as typical of the eastern United States. Its southerly latitude in Georgia causes a greater tropical influence resulting in very mild winters in comparison with Atlanta for example.

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
1870289—
1880672Script error: No such module "String".%
1890866Script error: No such module "String".%
19001,051Script error: No such module "String".%
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19302,025Script error: No such module "String".%
19402,588Script error: No such module "String".%
19503,745Script error: No such module "String".%
19604,753Script error: No such module "String".%
19704,987Script error: No such module "String".%
19805,414Script error: No such module "String".%
19905,008Script error: No such module "String".%
20005,669Script error: No such module "String".%
20105,360Script error: No such module "String".%
20205,187Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[14]
1850-1870[15] 1870-1880[16]
1890-1910[17] 1920-1930[18]
1940[19] 1950[20] 1960[21]
1970[22] 1980[23] 1990[24]
2000[25] 2010[26]

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Camilla racial composition as of 2020[27]
Race Num. Perc.
White (non-Hispanic) 1,148 22.13%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 3,781 72.89%
Native American 6 0.12%
Asian 38 0.73%
Other/Mixed 103 1.99%
Hispanic or Latino 111 2.14%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 5,187 people, 1,926 households, and 1,325 families residing in the city.

Education

Mitchell County School District

The Mitchell County School District holds grades pre-school to grade twelve, and consists of one elementary school that's in Baconton GA, a middle school, a high school, and one charter school.[28] The district has 176 full-time teachers and over 2,855 students.[29] The Mitchell County Head Start Center opened in 2001. District schools include:Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

  • South Mitchell County Elementary School
  • North Mitchell County Elementary School
  • Mitchell County Middle School
  • Mitchell County High School

Charter school

  • Baconton Community Charter SchoolScript error: No such module "Unsubst".

Private education

  • Westwood SchoolsScript error: No such module "Unsubst".

Higher education

Andersonville Theological Seminary has its headquarters based in Camilla. The distance education seminary is accredited through the Association of Independent Christian College and Seminaries.[30] The seminary's headquarters consists of two administrative buildings.[31] It's widely reported by former students that the seminary is a diploma mill where sub-standard degrees are given for little or no actual coursework.[32]

Government

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The legislative authority of the government of the City of Camilla is vested in the six-member Council. Council members serve for terms of four years and until their respective successors are elected and qualified. Three members are elected from and by the voters of Council District No. 1, and three members are elected from and by the voters of Council District No. 2.

Mayor
  • Mayor Kelvin Owens (term expires December 31, 2023)
Council members
  • W.D. Palmer, III (District 2; term expires December 31, 2025)
  • Raymond Dewayne Burley (District 1; term expires December 31, 2025)
  • Corey Morgan (District 1; term expires December 31, 2023)
  • Steve Collins (District 2; term expires December 31, 2023)
  • Venterra Pollard (District 1; term expires December 31, 2025)
  • Laura Beth Tucker (District 2; term expires December 31, 2025)

Transportation

Notable people

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Gallery

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ camillaga.com Retrieved September 11, 2009.
  5. ↑ a b c Joshua Butler, "'Almost Too Terrible to Believe': The Camilla, Georgia Race Riot and Massacre, September 1868," (M.A. Thesis: Valdosta State University, 2012), pp. 17–18 (Content taken from the work with permission of the author).
  6. ↑ 10.5 SOUTHWEST GEORGIA TORNADO OUTBREAK OF 13–14 FEBRUARY 2000 – noaa.gov Retrieved September 11, 2009.
  7. ↑ Tornado Outbreak of March 20, 2003 – noaa.gov Retrieved September 11, 2009.
  8. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  13. ↑ Climate Summary for Camila, Georgia
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Georgia Board of EducationScript error: No such module "Unsubst"., Retrieved June 24, 2010.
  29. ↑ School Stats, Retrieved June 24, 2010.
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

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External links

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  • Camilla Chamber of Commerce

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