Calhoun County, Alabama

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Calhoun County is a county in the east central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,441.[1] Its county seat is Anniston.[2] It is named in honor of John C. Calhoun, a US Senator from South Carolina.

Calhoun County comprises the Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Benton County was established on December 18, 1832, named for Thomas Hart Benton, a member of the United States Senate from Missouri. Its county seat was Jacksonville. Benton, an enslaver, was a political ally of John C. Calhoun, a U.S. senator from South Carolina, and also a slaveholder and planter. Through the 1820s-1840s, however, Benton's and Calhoun's political interests diverged. Calhoun was increasingly interested in using the threat of secession as a weapon to maintain and expand slavery throughout the United States. Benton, on the other hand, was slowly concluding that slavery was wrong and that the preservation of the union was paramount. On January 29, 1858,[3] Alabama supporters of slavery, objecting to Benton's change of heart, renamed Benton County as Calhoun County.

During the Reconstruction era and widespread violence by whites to suppress black and white Republican voting in the state during the campaign for the 1870 gubernatorial election, four blacks and one white were lynched.[4]

After years of controversy and a State Supreme Court ruling in June 1900, the county seat was moved to Anniston.

The county was hit by an F4 tornado during the 1994 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak on March 27, 1994. Twelve minutes after the National Weather Service of Birmingham issued a tornado warning for northern Calhoun, southeastern Etowah, and southern Cherokee counties, the tornado destroyed Piedmont's Goshen United Methodist Church.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (1.0%) is water.[5]

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Transportation

Major highways

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Rail

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
184014,260—
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186021,539Script error: No such module "String".%
187013,980Script error: No such module "String".%
188019,591Script error: No such module "String".%
189033,835Script error: No such module "String".%
190034,874Script error: No such module "String".%
191039,115Script error: No such module "String".%
192047,822Script error: No such module "String".%
193055,611Script error: No such module "String".%
194063,319Script error: No such module "String".%
195079,539Script error: No such module "String".%
196095,878Script error: No such module "String".%
1970103,092Script error: No such module "String".%
1980119,761Script error: No such module "String".%
1990116,034Script error: No such module "String".%
2000112,249Script error: No such module "String".%
2010118,572Script error: No such module "String".%
2020116,441Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)116,427[6]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1790–1960[8] 1900–1990[9]
1990–2000[10] 2010–2020[1]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 116,441. The median age was 40.0 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 18.4% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 92.0 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 89.0 males age 18 and over.[11][12]

The racial makeup of the county was 69.2% White, 22.0% Black or African American, 0.4% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.0% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 2.1% from some other race, and 5.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 4.3% of the population.[12]

63.5% of residents lived in urban areas, while 36.5% lived in rural areas.[13]

There were 46,437 households in the county, of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 31.5% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[11]

There were 53,052 housing units, of which 12.5% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 68.4% were owner-occupied and 31.6% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9% and the rental vacancy rate was 12.2%.[11]

Racial and ethnic composition

Calhoun County, Alabama – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[14] Pop 2010[15] Pop 2020[16] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 87,598 87,285 79,519 78.04% 73.61% 68.29%
Black or African American alone (NH) 20,725 24,177 23,365 18.46% 20.39% 21.78%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 427 480 386 0.38% 0.40% 0.33%
Asian alone (NH) 625 830 1,164 0.56% 0.70% 1.00%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 74 94 112 0.07% 0.08% 0.10%
Other race alone (NH) 85 109 317 0.08% 0.09% 0.27%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 862 1,704 4,568 0.86% 1.44% 3.92%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 1,753 3,893 5,010 1.56% 3.28% 4.30%
Total 112,249 118,572 116,441 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the census[17] of 2010, there were 118,572 people, 47,331 households, and 31,609 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 53,289 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 74.9% White, 20.6% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. 3.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 47,331 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.2% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.2 years. For every 100 females there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $38,407, and the median income for a family was $49,532. Males had a median income of $41,599 versus $29,756 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,574. About 15.2% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.8% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Calhoun County contains five public school districts. There are approximately 17,000 students in public K-12 schools in Calhoun County.[18] Public school districts are not conterminous with the county boundary.

The county contains two public higher education institutions. Gadsden State Community College operates a campus located in Anniston, and Jacksonville State University, founded in 1883 and with an enrollment of over 9,000 students, is located in Jacksonville.

Districts

School districts include:[19]

Politics

The last Democrat to win a majority in the county was Jimmy Carter in 1976. In 2016 and 2020, Republican Donald Trump won more than two-thirds of the county's vote.

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Calhoun is part of Alabama's 3rd congressional district, which is held by Republican Mike D. Rogers.

Communities

Cities

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Towns

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Census-designated places

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Unincorporated communities

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Ghost towns

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Places of interest

Calhoun County is home to Jacksonville State University, the Anniston Museum of Natural History, the Berman Museum of World History, and the Coldwater Covered Bridge. It also contains a portion of the Talladega National Forest.

See also

References

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