Butler County, Ohio

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Butler County is a county located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 390,357.[1] Its county seat and largest city is Hamilton.[2] It is named for General Richard Butler, who died in 1791 during St. Clair's defeat.[3] Located along the Great Miami River, it is also home to Miami University, a public university founded in 1809. Butler County is part of the Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Successive cultures of ancient Indigenous peoples of the Americas occupied areas of the county. They built large earthworks, seven of which were still standing and recorded by a Smithsonian survey.[4]

Early French explorers likely passed through the area along the Miami River.[5] The gravesites of David and Margaret Gregory indicate they were some of the first white settlers in the area in Liberty Township. White settlers began moving into the area in larger numbers after the 1793 Treaty of Greenville was signed with the Native Americans of the area.[5]

Butler County was formed on March 24, 1803, from portions of Hamilton County. It is named for General Richard Butler.[6] Between 1803 and 1823, the townships of the county became officially recognized.[5] Large portions of the county were held by non-resident owners, including 640 acres owned by future President William H Harrison.[5] Some land that was originally part of Butler County was reassigned to Warren County in the north and Hamilton County to the south. Butler County's original size was 480 sq miles.[5]

In 1830, Peter Schrock emigrated from France to live in Butler County.

Around the late 1860s or early 1870s, the community of Mauds was the sight of an attempt by a local entrepreneur to construct a mill that worked via perpetual motion. A large crowd gathered to watch the mill start, and when it did not, laughter ensued. Nothing was heard from the unnamed entrepreneur again, and the mill quickly vanished. The local newspapers did not record the event, and the only record of its occurrence was transmitted by elderly residents of Mauds to one William Marion Miller of Miami University.[7]

The Great Flood of 1913 affected much of the county, particularly the communities of Middletown, Ohio where approximately 25% of the town was flooded and 6 people died and Hamilton, Ohio, where 46% of the city was flooded, over 300 buildings destroyed, and at least 98 people killed.[8]

In the 1920s, Butler, Pickaway and Washington counties were central areas of the rural membership of the Ku Klux Klan in Ohio.[9]

In 1957, the Ohio Legislature established Hueston Woods State Park, which covers 3,596 acres in Butler and neighboring Preble County. In addition to a 625-acre manmade lake, the park contains the 200-acre Hueston Woods, one of the last near-virgin growths of American beech and maple in Ohio.[10]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (0.7%) is water.[11]

The majority of Butler County consists of the river valleys of the Great and Little Miami Rivers. The valley was originally carved by glaciation.[5]

The soil at highest uplands is frequently heavy in clay, moving downhill to a sandy loam, while in the valleys the soil is black with river deposits.[5]

Before deforestation by settlers, much of the area was forests of American beech and maple trees.[10]

Adjacent counties

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
181011,150—
182021,746Script error: No such module "String".%
183027,142Script error: No such module "String".%
184028,173Script error: No such module "String".%
185030,789Script error: No such module "String".%
186035,840Script error: No such module "String".%
187039,912Script error: No such module "String".%
188042,579Script error: No such module "String".%
189048,597Script error: No such module "String".%
190056,870Script error: No such module "String".%
191070,271Script error: No such module "String".%
192087,025Script error: No such module "String".%
1930114,084Script error: No such module "String".%
1940120,249Script error: No such module "String".%
1950147,203Script error: No such module "String".%
1960199,076Script error: No such module "String".%
1970226,207Script error: No such module "String".%
1980258,787Script error: No such module "String".%
1990291,479Script error: No such module "String".%
2000332,807Script error: No such module "String".%
2010368,130Script error: No such module "String".%
2020390,357Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)399,542[12]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[13]
1790-1960[14] 1900-1990[15]
1990-2000[16] 2010-2020[1]

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2020 census

Butler County, Ohio – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[17] Pop 1990[18] Pop 2000[19] Pop 2010[20] Pop 2020[21] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 243,799 273,854 301,078 310,183 294,712 94.21% 93.95% 90.47% 84.26% 75.50%
Black or African American alone (NH) 11,972 13,069 17,398 26,463 34,144 4.63% 4.48% 5.23% 7.19% 8.75%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 257 363 645 606 610 0.10% 0.12% 0.19% 0.16% 0.16%
Asian alone (NH) 1,051 2,611 5,120 8,759 15,658 0.41% 0.90% 1.54% 2.38% 4.01%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [22] x [23] 77 239 480 x x 0.02% 0.06% 0.12%
Other race alone (NH) 211 115 340 516 1,546 0.08% 0.04% 0.10% 0.14% 0.40%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [24] x [25] 3,378 6,694 17,942 x x 1.02% 1.82% 4.60%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 1,497 1,467 4,771 14,670 25,265 0.58% 0.50% 1.43% 3.99% 6.47%
Total 258,787 291,479 332,807 368,130 390,357 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 368,130 people, 135,960 households, and 95,404 families residing in the county.[26] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 148,273 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[27] The racial makeup of the county was 86.0% white, 7.3% black or African American, 2.4% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 1.8% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 4.0% of the population.[26] In terms of ancestry, 27.0% were German, 14.8% were American, 13.6% were Irish, and 9.7% were English.[28]

Of the 135,960 households, 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.8% were non-families, and 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.10. The median age was 36.0 years.[26]

The median income for a household in the county was $54,788 and the median income for a family was $68,539. Males had a median income of $50,499 versus $37,094 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,892. About 8.3% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.1% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.[29]

2000 census

As of the census[30] of 2000, there were 332,807 people, 123,082 households, and 87,880 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 129,793 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 91.20% White, 5.27% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 1.55% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.62% from other races, and 1.13% from two or more races. 1.43% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 28.1% were of German, 16.7% American, 10.7% Irish, and 9.8% English ancestry according to Census 2000. Those citing "American" ancestry in Butler County are of overwhelmingly English extraction, most English Americans identify simply as American because their ancestors have been in North America for centuries—in some cases since the 1600s.[31][32][33][34][35]

There were 123,082 households, out of which 35.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.00% were married couples living together, 10.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.60% were non-families. 22.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.90% under the age of 18, 11.90% from 18 to 24, 29.80% from 25 to 44, 21.70% from 45 to 64, and 10.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 95.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $47,885, and the median income for a family was $57,513. Males had a median income of $42,052 versus $27,602 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,076. About 5.40% of families and 8.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.10% of those under age 18 and 7.00% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Prior to 1952, Butler County was strongly Democratic in presidential elections, only backing two Republican candidates for president from 1856 to 1948. The Republican Party was in fact so weak that Eugene Debs came in second in the 1912 election. Starting with the 1952 election, it has become a Republican Party stronghold, with the sole Democrat to win the county in a presidential election since then being Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964 in the midst of his statewide and national landslide victory. Template:PresHead Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresFoot Template:U.S. SenHead Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenFoot

Education

There are sixteen school districts having territory in Butler County.[36]

Primary Boundaries in Butler County

Partial Boundaries in Butler County

Private High Schools

Higher Education

Butler County is home to Miami University.

Campuses

Butler County is also home to Butler Tech, a Career Technical Education institution for High School students and Adults. Butler Tech has campuses in West Chester and Fairfield Township.

Communities

File:Map of Butler County Ohio With Municipal and Township Labels.PNG
Map of Butler County, Ohio with municipal and township labels

Cities

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Villages

Census-designated places

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Unincorporated communities

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Townships

There are thirteen civil townships in Butler County and three paper townships:

Civil

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File:Butler County Atlas and Pictorial Review- Including Surveys, Geological Reports, Township, Village and City Maps 1914 - DPLA - 507c6da81bc0f5335ac908d2b0758130 (page 11).jpg
1914 Map of Butler County, Ohio

Paper

  • Hamilton
  • Heritage (Fairfield)[39]
  • Middletown

Ohio House Districts

Ohio Senate Districts

Transportation

The Butler County Regional Transit Authority provides bus service throughout the county primarily serving Hamilton, Oxford, and Middletown. The service connects to the Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority in Springdale.

Major highways

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Former highways

U.S. Route 25 in Ohio

Notable people

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See also

References

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  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Arthur W.J.G. Ord-Hume, Perpetual Motion: The History of an Obsession (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1977), 208-212.
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  22. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  23. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  24. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  25. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  26. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America By Dominic J. Pulera.
  33. ↑ Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', Demography, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.
  34. ↑ Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46.
  35. ↑ Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86.
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - Text list
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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Further reading

External links

Template:Geographic Location

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