Buteoninae

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Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox

The Buteoninae are a subfamily of birds of prey which consists of medium to large, broad-winged species.

They have large, powerful, hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, and powerful talons. They also have extremely keen eyesight to enable them to spot potential prey from a distance.

This subfamily contains the buzzards (buteonine hawks) with great diversity in appearance and form and some appearing eagle-like, with at least 50 species included overall in the subfamily. At one time, several types were grouped, including large assemblages such as booted eagles, but modern studies using mitochondrial DNA clarified that this subfamily was smaller than formerly classified.[1][2][3]

Systematics

The subfamily Buteoninae was introduced (as "Buteonina") by the Irish zoologist Nicholas Vigors in 1825 with Buteo as the type genus.[4][5] The subfamily includes about 79 currently recognized species.[6] Unlike the many lineages of Accipitridae which seem to have radiated out of Africa or South Asia, the Buteoninae clearly originated in the Americas based on fossil records and current species distributions (more than 75% of the extant raptors from this lineage are found in the Americas).[7][8]

A genus level cladogram of the Buteoninae is shown below. It is based on a molecular phylogenetic study of the family Accipitridae by Therese Catanach and collaborators that was published in 2024.[9] Script error: No such module "Clade".

Genera

Tribe Image Genus Species
Milvini Vigors 1824Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".-milvine kites and sea and fish eagles. File:Yellow-billed Kite (6608140277).jpg Milvus Lacépède, 1799Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Brahminy Kite (16469397891).jpg Haliastur Selby, 1840Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Haliaeetus pelagicus (Rausu, Japan).jpg Haliaeetus Savigny, 1809Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:White Bellied Sea Eagle 070531b.jpg Icthyophaga Lesson, 1843Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Buteonini Vigors 1824Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". File:White-eyed Buzzard (36082867080).jpg Butastur Hodgson, 1843Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Mississippi Kite.jpg Ictinia Vieillot, 1816Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Gavião-pernilongo - Crane Hawk.jpg Geranospiza Kaup, 1847Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Black-collared Hawk (16486633276).jpg Busarellus Lesson, 1843Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Schneckenweih-Snail-Kite.JPG Rostrhamus Lesson, 1830Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Helicolestes hamatus - Slender-billed kite, Careiro da Várzea, Amazonas, Brazil.jpg Helicolestes Bangs & Penard, 1918Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Barred Hawk.jpg Morphnarchus Ridgway, 1920Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Plumbeous Hawk 2015-06-09 (5) (40326975931).jpg Cryptoleucopteryx Amaral et al., 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Savanna hawk (Buteogallus meridionalis).JPG Buteogallus Lesson, 1830Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Buteo magnirostris -Goias -Brazil-8.jpg Rupornis Kaup, 1844Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Harris's Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) 4 of 4 in set.jpg Parabuteo Ridgway, 1874Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Aguila en auarahua.jpg Geranoaetus Kaup, 1844Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Gray-backed Hawk - South-Ecuador S4E8637 (15478568822).jpg Pseudastur Blyth, 1849Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Leucopternis semiplumbea -CR LaSelva fRF 01.jpg Leucopternis Kaup, 1847Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus) - Blue Cypress Lake, Florida.jpg Buteo Lacépède, 1799Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Extinct Genera

References

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  1. ↑ Lerner, H. R., Klaver, M. C., & Mindell, D. P. (2008). Molecular phylogenetics of the Buteonine birds of prey (Accipitridae). The Auk, 125(2), 304-315.
  2. ↑ Lerner, H. R., & Mindell, D. P. (2005). Phylogeny of eagles, Old World vultures, and other Accipitridae based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37(2), 327-346.
  3. ↑ Lerner, H., Christidis, L., Gamauf, A., Griffiths, C., Haring, E., Huddleston, C. J., Kabra, S., Kocum, A., Krosby, M., Kvaloy, K., Mindell, D., Rasmussen, P., Rov, N., Wadleigh, R., Michael Wink & Gjershaug, J. O. (2017). Phylogeny and new taxonomy of the Booted Eagles (Accipitriformes: Aquilinae). Zootaxa 4216 (4), 301-320.
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Brodkorb, P. (1964). Catalogue of fossil birds: Part 2 (Anseriformes through Galliformes). University of Florida.
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

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External links

Template:Buteoninae Template:Taxonbar

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