Bubiyan Island
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Bubiyan Island (Template:Langx) is the largest island in the Kuwaiti coastal island chain situated in the north-western corner of the Persian Gulf, with an area of Script error: No such module "convert".. Bubiyan Island is part of the Shatt al-Arab delta.[1]
The Mubarak Al Kabeer Port is currently under construction on the island.[2][3][4][5] As part of the port's development, there are plans for Bubiyan Island to contain power plants and substations.[6][3][7][8] A 5,000-megawatt power plant has already been built in the neighbouring Kuwaiti region of Subiya.[9]
Bubiyan is the largest of a group of eight islands situated just southwest of the mouth of the Shaṭṭ al-Arab, the river that divides Iraq and Iran.[10]
History
Antiquity
Bubiyan was formed by debris from the Tigris–Euphrates river.[1] There is archaeological evidence of Sassanian (300–650 AD) to early Islamic (650–800 AD) periods of human presence on Bubiyan as evidenced by the recent discovery of torpedo-jar pottery sherds on several prominent beach ridges.[1]
Gulf War
During the Gulf War of 1991, there was a big oil spill in the area; in addition to this, four spans of the bridge were destroyed; they were rebuilt in 1999.[11] The island itself was converted to a military base in 1991.[12] In November 1994, Iraq formally accepted the UN-demarcated border with Kuwait which had been spelled out in Security Council Resolutions 687 (1991), 773 (1992), and 833 (1993) which formally ended an earlier Iraqi claim to Bubiyan Island.[13]
Ramsar Convention
In response to Kuwait becoming the 169th signatory of the Ramsar Convention, the Mubarak al-Kabeer reserve was designated as the country's first Wetland of International Importance. The 50,948 hectare reserve consists of small lagoons and shallow salt marshes and is important as a stop-over for migrating birds on two migration routes; Turkey to India and Eurasia to Africa. Breeding water-birds include the world's largest breeding colony of crab-plover (Dromas ardeola), and the surrounding sea is a major nursery for many commercial fish species.[14]
Geography
The island is mainly flat, while salt marshes cover some coasts. There are several intermittent wadis in the center of the island.[15] It is separated from the Iraqi coast in the northeast by the Al-Zubayr channel and from the Kuwaiti mainland in the southwest by the Al-Sabiyyah channel.[15] The latter channel trends around the northern end of Bubiyan Island, separating it from Warbah Island. Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of Ras al Barshah, the southernmost point, Bubiyan is linked to the mainland by a concrete girder bridge over the Khawr as Sabiyah channel, Script error: No such module "convert".[16] long, built in 1981-1983 and opened February 1983.[17]
During high spring tides and southerly gales the wet, low lying mud flats that make up most of the island are encroached upon by sea water.[18] The island is considered to be at risk of inundation due to sea level rise.[19]
Mubarak Al Kabeer Port
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Mubarak Al Kabeer Port is part of China's Belt and Road Initiative.[20][21] Under China's Belt and Road Initiative, the Mubarak Al Kabeer Port is part of the first phase of the Silk City project.[20][21] In September 2020, it was reported that the port is 53% complete.[22] In March 2021, it was announced that Kuwait and Pakistan will develop linkages between Gwadar Port and Mubarak Al Kabeer Port.[23][24] The Mubarak Al Kabeer Port is currently under construction.[2][3][4][5] As part of Mubarak Al Kabeer Port's development, Bubiyan Island will contain power plants and substations.[6][3][7][8] A 5,000-megawatt power plant has already been built in Subiya.[9]
In literature
The island is mentioned in the 1933 science fiction work The Shape of Things to Come by H. G. Wells, in which it provides the recreational facilities for a conference at Basra.[25]
See also
- Battle of Bubiyan
- Economy of Kuwait
- Mubarak Al Kabeer Port
- Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Causeway
- Madinat al-Hareer
- Al Mutlaa City
References
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External links
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