β-Pinene
β-Pinene is a monoterpene, an organic compound found in plants. It is the less abundant of the two isomers of pinene, the other being α-pinene.[1] It is a colorless liquid soluble in alcohol, but not water. It has a woody-green pine-like smell.
β-Pinene is one of the most abundant compounds released by forest trees.[2] If oxidized in air, the allylic products of the pinocarveol and myrtenol family prevail.[3]
Sources
Many plants from many botanical families contain the compound, including:
- Cuminum cyminum[4][5]
- Humulus lupulus[6]
- Pinus pinaster[3]
- Clausena anisata
- Cannabis sativa[7]
- Piper nigrum[8]
- Myristica fragans .[8]
- Citrus aurantiifolia[8]
- Pistacia lentiscus[8]
The clear compound is produced by distillation of turpentine oils.[9]
Uses
β-Pinene is usedin the production of other aroma compounds. It converts to myrcene upon heating at 500 °C. Nerol is obtained by careful fractional distillation of crude nerol from myrcene[10]).[11]
Reaction with formaldehyde (Prins reaction) converts β-pinene to nopol. When nopol is acetylated, the result is nopyl acetate, which is used as fragrance material.[9][12]
References
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- ↑ Geron, C., et al. (2000). A review and synthesis of monoterpene speciation from forests in the United States. Atmospheric Environment 34(11), 1761-81.
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Tinseth, G. The Essential Oil of Hops: Hop Aroma and Flavor in Hops and Beer. Template:Webarchive Brewing Techniques January/February 1994. Accessed July 21, 2010.
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