Békés County
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator Békés (Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA"., Template:Langx) is an administrative division (county or vármegye) in south-eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád-Csanád, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, and Hajdú-Bihar. The capital of Békés county is Békéscsaba. The county is also part of the Danube-Kris-Mures-Tisa euroregion.
Etymology
In Slovak, it is known as Békešská župa and in Romanian as Județul Bichiș.
After Hungarians conquered the area, Békés and its surroundings were the property of the Csolt clan. Békés (the name means "peaceful") was originally the name of the castle which gave its name to the comitatus, and, like many castles, was possibly named after its first steward.
Geography
This county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert". – 6.05% of Hungary.
Békés County lies on the Pannonian Plain (Great Plain) and is a flat area with good soil. The average rainfall is 645 mm per year. One-fifth of the natural gas resources of Hungary can be found in Békés. The river Körös runs through the county.
Neighbours
- Hajdú-Bihar County on the north.
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- Csongrád-Csanád and Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County on the west.
History
The area has been inhabited since 5000-4000 BC. Before the arrival of the Hungarians several other tribes lived in the area.
The castle of Gyula was built in the early 15th century. Gyula was the most significant town of the county at that time, and became the county seat under Matthias I. It was an important fortress during the Ottoman wars in Europe but it was captured in 1566. During this time, several towns were destroyed in the area.
In the early 18th century, after the Ottomans were expelled, the county was repopulated, not only with Hungarians, but with Slovaks (in the towns Békéscsaba, Endrőd, Szarvas, Tótkomlós), Serbs (Battonya), Germans (Németgyula, Elek), and Romanians (Kétegyháza). Most of the non-Magyar population was assimilated by the mid-19th century.
The agricultural importance of the county and the new railway line between Pest and Békéscsaba (finished in 1858) brought development, which was quickened when Hungary lost its southern territories to Romania after World War I and Békéscsaba had to take over the role of the lost cities.
The population growth peaked in 1950 (472,000), in the same year when Békéscsaba became the county seat. During the following years, the county was industrialized, like most of Hungary, and the population of the cities and towns grew.
Demographics
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In 2015, it had a population of 351,148 and the population density was 62/km2.
More than 60% of the population lives in towns.
Template:Historical population
Ethnicity
Template:Pie chart Besides the Hungarian majority, the main minorities are the Roma (approx. 9,500), Slovak (7,500), Romanian (5,000), German (2,500) and Serb (500).
Total population (2011 census): 359,948
Ethnic groups (2011 census):[1]
Identified themselves: 325,597 persons:
- Hungarians: 300,213 (92.20%)
- Gypsies: 9,290 (2.85%)
- Slovaks: 7,267 (2.23%)
- Romanians: 5,137 (1.58%)
- Others and indefinable: 3,690 (1.13%)
Approx. 53,000 persons in Békés County did not declare their ethnic group at the 2011 census.
Religion
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Religious adherence in the county according to 2011 census:[2]
- Catholic – 70,307 (Roman Catholic – 69,478; Greek Catholic – 809);
- Reformed – 46,366;
- Evangelical – 27,870;
- Orthodox – 3,491;
- Other religions – 6,936;
- Non-religious – 113,094;
- Atheism – 4,150;
- Undeclared – 87,734.
Regional structure
| No. | English and Hungarian names |
Area (km2) |
Population (2011) |
Density (pop./km2) |
Seat | No. of municipalities |
| 1 | Békéscsaba District Békéscsabai járás |
636.16 | 83,541 | 131 | Békéscsaba | 9 |
| 2 | Békés District Békési járás |
525.24 | 37,409 | 71 | Békés (town) | 7 |
| 3 | Gyomaendrőd District Gyomaendrődi járás |
686.21 | 23,943 | 35 | Gyomaendrőd | 5 |
| 4 | Gyula District Gyulai járás |
413.22 | 41,627 | 101 | Gyula | 4 |
| 5 | Mezőkovácsháza District Mezőkovácsházai járás |
881.49 | 40,550 | 46 | Mezőkovácsháza | 18 |
| 6 | Orosháza District Orosházi járás |
717.18 | 51,482 | 72 | Orosháza | 8 |
| 7 | Sarkad District Sarkadi járás |
570.97 | 22,908 | 40 | Sarkad | 11 |
| 8 | Szarvas District Szarvasi járás |
485.06 | 28,779 | 59 | Szarvas | 6 |
| 9 | Szeghalom District Szeghalmi járás |
714.19 | 29,709 | 42 | Szeghalom | 7 |
| Békés County | 5,629.71 | 359,948 | 64 | Békéscsaba | 75 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Politics
County Assembly
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Békés County Council, elected at the 2024 local government elections,[3] is made up of 18 councillors,[4] with the following party composition:
| Party | Seats | Current County Assembly | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="background-color: Template:Party color | | Fidesz-KDNP | 9 | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | |
| Our Homeland Movement | 3 | |||||||||||
| style="background-color: Template:Party color | | Democratic Coalition | 2 | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | style="background-color: Template:Party color | | ||||||||
| Momentum Movement | 2 | |||||||||||
Presidents of the County Assembly
| President[5] | Terminus |
|---|---|
| Mihály Zalai (Fidesz-KDNP) | 2014– |
Members of the National Assembly
The following members elected of the National Assembly during the 2022 parliamentary election:[6]
| Constituency | Member | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Békés County 1st constituency | Tamás Herczeg | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | Fidesz–KDNP |
| Békés County 2nd constituency | Béla Dankó | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | Fidesz–KDNP |
| Békés County 3rd constituency | József Kovács | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | Fidesz–KDNP |
| Békés County 4th constituency | György Simonka | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | Fidesz–KDNP |
Municipalities
Békés County has 1 urban county, 21 towns, 8 large villages and 45 villages.
The regional structure of Békés county is typical of the Great Plain: it has a small number of villages, but those are large, both by area and by population. There are several farmsteads as well. 70% of the population lives in cities and towns, while 17% are in the county seat. A large village network is characteristic of the county which currently has 75 administratively independent settlements, of which 19 are cities and 56 are villages. The oldest towns, and with the largest populations, are: Békéscsaba, the county seat - a city carrying a rank of county right, Orosháza, Gyula, Békés, and Szarvas.
- City with county rights
(ordered by population, as of 2011 census)
- Békéscsaba (62,050) – county seat
- Towns
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- Gyula (31,067)
- Orosháza (29,081)
- Békés (20,088)
- Szarvas (16,956)
- Gyomaendrőd (13,680)
- Mezőberény (10,632)
- Sarkad (10,020)
- Szeghalom (9,290)
- Dévaványa (7,899)
- Vésztő (6,986)
- Mezőkovácsháza (6,177)
- Battonya (6,042)
- Tótkomlós (6,016)
- Füzesgyarmat (5,734)
- Mezőhegyes (5,712)
- Kondoros (5,228)
- Újkígyós (5,196)
- Csorvás (5,060)
- Elek (4,927)
- Körösladány (4,674)
- Medgyesegyháza (3,698)
- Villages
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- Almáskamarás
- Békéssámson
- Békésszentandrás File:Red pog.svg
- Bélmegyer
- Biharugra
- Bucsa
- Csabacsűd File:Red pog.svg
- Csabaszabadi
- Csanádapáca
- Csárdaszállás
- Doboz File:Red pog.svg
- Dombegyház File:Red pog.svg
- Dombiratos
- Ecsegfalva
- Gádoros File:Red pog.svg
- Gerendás
- Geszt
- Hunya
- Kamut
- Kardos
- Kardoskút
- Kaszaper
- Kertészsziget
- Kevermes File:Red pog.svg
- Kétegyháza File:Red pog.svg
- Kétsoprony
- Kisdombegyház
- Körösnagyharsány
- Köröstarcsa
- Körösújfalu
- Kötegyán
- Kunágota
- Lőkösháza
- Magyarbánhegyes
- Magyardombegyház
- Medgyesbodzás
- Mezőgyán
- Méhkerék
- Murony
- Nagybánhegyes
- Nagykamarás
- Nagylapos
- Nagyszénás File:Red pog.svg
- Okány
- Örménykút
- Pusztaföldvár
- Pusztaottlaka
- Sarkadkeresztúr
- Szabadkígyós
- Tarhos
- Telekgerendás
- Újszalonta
- Végegyháza
- Zsadány
File:Red pog.svg municipalities are large villages.
Gallery
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Békéscsaba, the capital of the county
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Wenckheim Mansion in Szabadkígyós
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Taxodium in the River Körös
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Batthyány Mansion's park in Kondoros
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Tavern in Kondoros
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Arboretum in Szarvas
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Roman Catholic Church of Békéscsaba
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Notable people
Natives of the county include: Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
International relations
Békés County has a partnership relationship with:
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References
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- ↑ 1.1.6. A népesség anyanyelv, nemzetiség és nemek szerint – Frissítve: 2013.04.17.; Hungarian Central Statistical Office Template:In lang
- ↑ 2011. ÉVI NÉPSZÁMLÁLÁS, 3. Területi adatok, 3.4 Békés megye, Template:In lang [1] Template:Webarchive
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External links
- Official site in Hungarian, German, English, Slovak and Romanian
- Békés Megyei Hírlap (beol.hu) - The county portal
- Hungary at GeoHive
- Roaming in Békés County free guide 2010 Published by Békés County Government Text by Barát Tünde
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